use current LTS versions of ubuntu where suitable, remove uses of
ubuntu:23.10 (which reache EOL), and and update some other examples
to use more current versions.
Signed-off-by: Sebastiaan van Stijn <github@gone.nl>
(cherry picked from commit b36522b473)
Signed-off-by: Paweł Gronowski <pawel.gronowski@docker.com>