Add posts to plants and fungi

This commit is contained in:
glyph 2020-06-10 19:58:43 +01:00
parent 11db80e2c6
commit 0b48bcc5a5
12 changed files with 114 additions and 76 deletions

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[package]
name = "mycelial_technology"
version = "0.1.0"
authors = ["glyph <gnomad@cryptolab.net>"]
authors = ["glyph <glyph@mycelial.technology>"]
edition = "2018"
# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html

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@ -115,6 +115,15 @@ fn plants() -> Template {
Template::render("plants", &context)
}
#[get("/plants/blueberry-dance")]
fn plants_blueberry_dance() -> Template {
let context = FlashContext {
flash_name: None,
flash_msg: None,
};
Template::render("plants/blueberry_dance", &context)
}
#[get("/plants/potato-tech")]
fn plants_potato_tech() -> Template {
let context = FlashContext {
@ -177,6 +186,7 @@ fn main() {
home,
lists,
plants,
plants_blueberry_dance,
plants_potato_tech,
meditation,
travel,

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{% extends "nav" %}
{% block content %}
<h2>Background</h2>
<p>I was born and raised in the coastal city of Durban, South Africa, which lies between the Indian Ocean and Drakensberg Mountains. Following completion of high school I moved to Michigan, USA and completed a Bachelor of Science in anthropology (major) and biology (minor) at <a href="https://www.gvsu.edu/">Grand Valley State University</a>. I later returned to South Africa and completed a Master of Social Science in social anthropology at the <a href="http://www.uct.ac.za/">University of Cape Town</a>, with <a href="https://open.uct.ac.za/handle/11427/6795">research</a> focused on decentralised networks of medicinal plant harvesters and herbalists (Rasta bush doctors). I then went on to work as an applied anthropologist and ethnobotanist in the non-profit sector.</p>
<p>Following a year spent travelling in South America, I restructured my life and livelihood around my core interests: carbon-based and silicon-based technologies (biology and computers). Since then I have founded <a href="https://harmonicmycology.com">Harmonic Mycology</a>, a mycology collective dedicated to developing and distributing mycelial medicines, teaching mushroom cultivation and encouraging the formation of humyn-fungal networks. In parallel to those activities, I have worked as an autodidactic software developer on private and open-source projects; most-recently, <a href="https://opencollective.com/peachcloud">PeachCloud</a>.</p>
<p>I hold a deep fascination with the processes through which humyns form relationships with other living beings. When not behind the keyboard, you can find me looking at mushrooms, riding my bicycle or reading sci-fi. I'm dreaming of a three-month adventure across Japan ⛩.</p>
<img src="glyph_laetiporus.jpg" style="width: 100%;" />
<article>
<h2>Background</h2>
<p>I was born and raised in the coastal city of Durban, South Africa, which lies between the Indian Ocean and Drakensberg Mountains. Following completion of high school I moved to Michigan, USA and completed a Bachelor of Science in anthropology (major) and biology (minor) at <a href="https://www.gvsu.edu/">Grand Valley State University</a>. I later returned to South Africa and completed a Master of Social Science in social anthropology at the <a href="http://www.uct.ac.za/">University of Cape Town</a>, with <a href="https://open.uct.ac.za/handle/11427/6795">research</a> focused on decentralised networks of medicinal plant harvesters and herbalists (Rasta bush doctors). I then went on to work as an applied anthropologist and ethnobotanist in the non-profit sector.</p>
<p>Following a year spent travelling in South America, I restructured my life and livelihood around my core interests: carbon-based and silicon-based technologies (biology and computers). Since then I have founded <a href="https://harmonicmycology.com">Harmonic Mycology</a>, a mycology collective dedicated to developing and distributing mycelial medicines, teaching mushroom cultivation and encouraging the formation of humyn-fungal networks. In parallel to those activities, I have worked as an autodidactic software developer on private and open-source projects; most-recently, <a href="https://opencollective.com/peachcloud">PeachCloud</a>.</p>
<p>I hold a deep fascination with the processes through which humyns form relationships with other living beings. When not behind the keyboard, you can find me looking at mushrooms, riding my bicycle or reading sci-fi. I'm dreaming of a three-month adventure across Japan ⛩.</p>
<img src="glyph_laetiporus.jpg" style="width: 100%;" />
</article>
<hr>
{%- endblock %}

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background-color: #111;
color: #fff;
}
a:hover {
background-color: #111;
color: #fff;
}
article {
max-width: 700px;
}
body {
max-width: 900px;
font-family: monospace;
@ -67,6 +71,10 @@
color: #222;
}
li {
padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.list-item {
list-style-type: none;
padding: 0.5rem;
@ -86,10 +94,6 @@
padding: 0.5rem;
}
.nav-item:hover {
background-color: #111;
}
.nav-item a {
text-decoration: none;
}

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<h2>Fungi</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="/fungi/lichen-space">Lichens in Space</a> - <i>28 May, 2020</i></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="/fungi/grow-together">Grow Together</a> - <i>29 March, 2018</i></li>
</ul>
<hr>

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{% extends "nav" %}
{% block content %}
<h2>Grow Together</h2>
<i>29 March, 2018</i>
<p>Yesterday, while pulling out dead lettuce stalks that had bolted, produced seed and died, I found a large mushroom attached to the roots of one of the plants (then another, and another)! Im now less certain of my classification of the mushroom in the previous photo as a member of the Astraeus genus. Ill have to do some investigating. If anyone here recognizes it, please let me know!</p>
<p>This is one of the neatest examples of ectomycorrhizal symbiosis Ive seen with my own eyes. You can see the dense white mycelium covering some regions of the root system. The mycelium forms a sheath around the root-tips and assists the plant by channeling water and minerals directly to it. The plant (usually) pays the fungus back with sugars and / or lipids (the transfer of lipids from plant to mycelium is a very recent finding).</p>
<p>It seems the onset of rains and cooler weather, along with - potentially - the death of the plant, have prompted the networks of this species to produce mushrooms. All of the ones I have found so far have been growing in association with lettuce. Lets practice the mycorrhizal way and nurture interdependence!</p>
<p>So much love for the House of Wu Wei and all the myriad creatures who live here!</p>
<figure>
<img src="/fungi/earthstar.jpeg" style="width: 100%;" />
<figcaption>You look interesting! I wonder whats going on…</figcaption>
</figure>
<figure>
<img src="/fungi/earthstar_roots.jpeg" style="width: 100%;" />
<figcaption>Inter-species companionship</figcaption>
</figure>
<figure>
<img src="/fungi/earthstar_mycelium.jpeg" style="width: 100%;" />
<figcaption>Makes me wonder how long these species have been dancing one another into being</figcaption>
</figure>
<article>
<h2>Grow Together</h2>
<i>29 March, 2018</i>
<p>Yesterday, while pulling out dead lettuce stalks that had bolted, produced seed and died, I found a large mushroom attached to the roots of one of the plants (then another, and another)! Im now less certain of my classification of the mushroom in the previous photo as a member of the Astraeus genus. Ill have to do some investigating. If anyone here recognizes it, please let me know!</p>
<p>This is one of the neatest examples of ectomycorrhizal symbiosis Ive seen with my own eyes. You can see the dense white mycelium covering some regions of the root system. The mycelium forms a sheath around the root-tips and assists the plant by channeling water and minerals directly to it. The plant (usually) pays the fungus back with sugars and / or lipids (the transfer of lipids from plant to mycelium is a very recent finding).</p>
<p>It seems the onset of rains and cooler weather, along with - potentially - the death of the plant, have prompted the networks of this species to produce mushrooms. All of the ones I have found so far have been growing in association with lettuce. Lets practice the mycorrhizal way and nurture interdependence!</p>
<p>So much love for the House of Wu Wei and all the myriad creatures who live here!</p>
<figure>
<img src="/fungi/earthstar.jpeg" style="width: 100%;" />
<figcaption>You look interesting! I wonder whats going on…</figcaption>
</figure>
<figure>
<img src="/fungi/earthstar_roots.jpeg" style="width: 100%;" />
<figcaption>Inter-species companionship</figcaption>
</figure>
<figure>
<img src="/fungi/earthstar_mycelium.jpeg" style="width: 100%;" />
<figcaption>Makes me wonder how long these species have been dancing one another into being</figcaption>
</figure>
</article>
<hr>
{%- endblock %}

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@ -1,36 +1,38 @@
{% extends "nav" %}
{% block content %}
<h2>Lichens in Space</h2>
<i>28 May, 2020</i>
<figure>
<img src="/fungi/xanthoria_fun_dye.jpeg" style="width: 100%;" />
<figcaption>Xanthoria elegans lichen in cross-section, stained with FUN-1 dye</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>So I think many of us have a basic understanding of what a lichen is: a symbiotic mutualism between a fungus and algae / cyanobacteria. The fungus provides a cosy home for the algae, along with water, nutrients and anchorage; while the algae photosynthesises and provides the fungus with carbohydrates. As Trevor Goward puts it: “Lichens are fungi that have discovered agriculture”. Put another way, lichen are fungi with solar panels. But Ive only recently learned that the situation is far more complex than this simple 1:1 rendering of fungus and algae.</p>
<blockquote cite="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichen#Miniature_ecosystem_and_holobiont_theory">
<p>Symbiosis in lichens is so well-balanced that lichens have been considered to be relatively self-contained miniature ecosystems in and of themselves. It is thought that lichens may be even more complex symbiotic systems that include non-photosynthetic bacterial communities performing other functions as partners in a holobiont.</p>
<footer>- <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichen#Miniature_ecosystem_and_holobiont_theory"><cite>Lichen Wikipedia page</cite></a></footer>
</blockquote>
<p>Holobiont - now thats a rad word.</p>
<blockquote cite="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holobiont">
<p>A holobiont is an assemblage of a host and the many other species living in or around it, which together form a discrete ecological unit. The concept of the holobiont was defined by Dr. Lynn Margulis in her 1991 book Symbiosis as a Source of Evolutionary Innovation. Holobionts include the host, virome, microbiome, and other members, all of which contribute in some way to the function of the whole. Well-studied holobionts include reef-building corals and humans.</p>
<footer>- <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holobiont"><cite>Holobiont Wikipedia page</cite></a></footer>
</blockquote>
<p>Another rather famous character in the lichen holobiont is the tardigrade! I wonder what it would be like to experience the lichen holobiont as a tardigrade - some sort of wondrous forested village perhaps? Maybe more like a landscape of networked villages, with all sorts of nanobiomes in between?</p>
<p>Anywho, I digress. While listening to an episode of the In Defense of Plants podcast yesterday, specifically Ep. 80 - Lichens and Their Conservation, I learned that one species of lichen has been shown to be capable of surviving exposure to space and a simulated Martian atmosphere!</p>
<p>The lichen Xanthoria elegans (which we can now think of as a holobiont and not a simple two-partner symbiosis) was exposed to space conditions for 18 months during a series of experiments on the International Space Station (ISS). This included exposure to vacuum, extreme cold, solar radiation and cosmic radiation. This was the first long-term exposure of eukaryotic organisms to space conditions in LEO, as well as a simulated Martian environment.</p>
<p>Upon returning to Earth, the samples were tested for viability: “the lichen photobiont showed an average viability rate of 71%, whereas the even more resistant lichen mycobiont showed a rate of 84%”. They were still alive and capable of growth! The Martian experiment showed even livelier results:</p>
<blockquote cite="https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a8f6/a68e6db11f7b2bed133f434be742e1d4d390.pdf">
<p>The X. elegans samples exposed on the ISS in Mars-analogue conditions showed slightly higher viability and clearly higher photosynthetic activity compared with the space vacuum-exposed samples.</p>
<footer>- <cite>Brandt et al. (2015)</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
<p>Pretty astounding! The paper discusses these findings in light of the panspermian hypothesis:</p>
<blockquote cite="https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a8f6/a68e6db11f7b2bed133f434be742e1d4d390.pdf">
<p>The Lithopanspermia hypothesis is […] based on a proposal by Thomson (1871), suggesting that life could survive interplanetary travel. Though the 1.5 year mission duration is much shorter than the estimated length of a hypothetical interplanetary transfer e.g. 2.6 Myr for some Mars meteorites (Clark 2001), the results presented indicate that X. elegans might be able to survive a longer duration in space or might be a promising test subject for a Directed Lithopanspermia as proposed by Crick & Orgel (1973)</p>
<footer>- <cite>Brandt et al. (2015)</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
<p>So cool. Humyns have long dreamed of space colonies and interstellar journeys. Perhaps these dreams are genetic memories as much as simulated futures. Perhaps we have already surfed solar winds in peer-to-peer assemblages, crossing galaxies in holobiontic parties; expectant, hopeful, that Life might grow yet further.</p>
<p>Here's a link to the full paper:</p>
<p><a href="https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a8f6/a68e6db11f7b2bed133f434be742e1d4d390.pdf">Viability of the lichen Xanthoria elegans and its symbionts after 18 months of space exposure and simulated Mars conditions on the ISS - Brandt et al. (2015)</a></p>
<article>
<h2>Lichens in Space</h2>
<i>28 May, 2020</i>
<figure>
<img src="/fungi/xanthoria_fun_dye.jpeg" style="width: 100%;" />
<figcaption>Xanthoria elegans lichen in cross-section, stained with FUN-1 dye</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>So I think many of us have a basic understanding of what a lichen is: a symbiotic mutualism between a fungus and algae / cyanobacteria. The fungus provides a cosy home for the algae, along with water, nutrients and anchorage; while the algae photosynthesises and provides the fungus with carbohydrates. As Trevor Goward puts it: “Lichens are fungi that have discovered agriculture”. Put another way, lichen are fungi with solar panels. But Ive only recently learned that the situation is far more complex than this simple 1:1 rendering of fungus and algae.</p>
<blockquote cite="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichen#Miniature_ecosystem_and_holobiont_theory">
<p>Symbiosis in lichens is so well-balanced that lichens have been considered to be relatively self-contained miniature ecosystems in and of themselves. It is thought that lichens may be even more complex symbiotic systems that include non-photosynthetic bacterial communities performing other functions as partners in a holobiont.</p>
<footer>- <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichen#Miniature_ecosystem_and_holobiont_theory"><cite>Lichen Wikipedia page</cite></a></footer>
</blockquote>
<p>Holobiont - now thats a rad word.</p>
<blockquote cite="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holobiont">
<p>A holobiont is an assemblage of a host and the many other species living in or around it, which together form a discrete ecological unit. The concept of the holobiont was defined by Dr. Lynn Margulis in her 1991 book Symbiosis as a Source of Evolutionary Innovation. Holobionts include the host, virome, microbiome, and other members, all of which contribute in some way to the function of the whole. Well-studied holobionts include reef-building corals and humans.</p>
<footer>- <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holobiont"><cite>Holobiont Wikipedia page</cite></a></footer>
</blockquote>
<p>Another rather famous character in the lichen holobiont is the tardigrade! I wonder what it would be like to experience the lichen holobiont as a tardigrade - some sort of wondrous forested village perhaps? Maybe more like a landscape of networked villages, with all sorts of nanobiomes in between?</p>
<p>Anywho, I digress. While listening to an episode of the In Defense of Plants podcast yesterday, specifically Ep. 80 - Lichens and Their Conservation, I learned that one species of lichen has been shown to be capable of surviving exposure to space and a simulated Martian atmosphere!</p>
<p>The lichen Xanthoria elegans (which we can now think of as a holobiont and not a simple two-partner symbiosis) was exposed to space conditions for 18 months during a series of experiments on the International Space Station (ISS). This included exposure to vacuum, extreme cold, solar radiation and cosmic radiation. This was the first long-term exposure of eukaryotic organisms to space conditions in LEO, as well as a simulated Martian environment.</p>
<p>Upon returning to Earth, the samples were tested for viability: “the lichen photobiont showed an average viability rate of 71%, whereas the even more resistant lichen mycobiont showed a rate of 84%”. They were still alive and capable of growth! The Martian experiment showed even livelier results:</p>
<blockquote cite="https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a8f6/a68e6db11f7b2bed133f434be742e1d4d390.pdf">
<p>The X. elegans samples exposed on the ISS in Mars-analogue conditions showed slightly higher viability and clearly higher photosynthetic activity compared with the space vacuum-exposed samples.</p>
<footer>- <cite>Brandt et al. (2015)</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
<p>Pretty astounding! The paper discusses these findings in light of the panspermian hypothesis:</p>
<blockquote cite="https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a8f6/a68e6db11f7b2bed133f434be742e1d4d390.pdf">
<p>The Lithopanspermia hypothesis is […] based on a proposal by Thomson (1871), suggesting that life could survive interplanetary travel. Though the 1.5 year mission duration is much shorter than the estimated length of a hypothetical interplanetary transfer e.g. 2.6 Myr for some Mars meteorites (Clark 2001), the results presented indicate that X. elegans might be able to survive a longer duration in space or might be a promising test subject for a Directed Lithopanspermia as proposed by Crick & Orgel (1973)</p>
<footer>- <cite>Brandt et al. (2015)</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
<p>So cool. Humyns have long dreamed of space colonies and interstellar journeys. Perhaps these dreams are genetic memories as much as simulated futures. Perhaps we have already surfed solar winds in peer-to-peer assemblages, crossing galaxies in holobiontic parties; expectant, hopeful, that Life might grow yet further.</p>
<p>Here's a link to the full paper:</p>
<p><a href="https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a8f6/a68e6db11f7b2bed133f434be742e1d4d390.pdf">Viability of the lichen Xanthoria elegans and its symbionts after 18 months of space exposure and simulated Mars conditions on the ISS - Brandt et al. (2015)</a></p>
</article>
<hr>
{%- endblock %}

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<img src="glyph.svg" style="width: 175px;" />
<p>Welcome to the personal website of glyph.</p>
<h2>Contact Information</h2>
<hr>
<ul style="padding: 0;">
<li class="list-item">Email: <a href="mailto:glyph@mycelial.technology">glyph@mycelial.technology</a></li>
<li class="list-item">Merveilles: <a href="https://merveilles.town/@glyph" title="@glyph@merveilles.town">@glyph</a></li>
<li class="list-item" style="word-wrap: break-word;">Scuttlebutt: @HEqy940T6uB+T+d9Jaa58aNfRzLx9eRWqkZljBmnkmk=.ed25519</li>
</ul>
<hr>
{%- endblock %}

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<h2>Plants</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="/plants/potato-tech">Potato Tech</a> - <i>31 December, 2017</i></li>
<li><a href="/plants/blueberry-dance">I Have Been Invited Into a Dance by a Bush with Purple Berries</a> - <i>20 December, 2017</i></li>
</ul>
<hr>
{%- endblock %}

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{% extends "nav" %}
{% block content %}
<article>
<h2>I Have Been Invited Into a Dance by a Bush with Purple Berries</h2>
<i>20 December, 2017</i>
<figure>
<img src="/plants/blueberries.jpeg" style="width: 100%;" />
<figcaption>Hand-picked blueberry snacks are where its at</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>Today I thought about ripeness. How do you know when its just right? Well, its different for every plant I guess. With blueberries Im learning to evaluate ripeness based on sight (colour of berry) and touch (firmness when gently squeezed). When I first started picking them, just two weeks ago, I only used my eyes and thus tended to pick unripe, tangy berries. Now I get 'em when theyre oh-so-sweet! In the last few days Ive also started to notice the rate at which the berries ripen and can time my future visits more precisely.</p>
<p>The more time I spend with these plants, and the more patient I become, the more fully I come to appreciate their being. So this is then one way to form relationships (and sometimes friendships) with plants: visit them regularly, use all your senses to engage and be patient. I reckon the same approach might work with humyns ;)</p>
<p>If you ever hang out with herbalists around plants, youll probably find theyre very multi-sensory and active in their engagement. Smell the plant, taste it, rub it on your skin; all the more modalities to experience with. This is good to practice, just dont go and eat all the poisonous stuff. Connecting with knowledgeable people is helpful: they can introduce you to some plants you might want to get to know better while also advising you to steer clear of some others.</p>
<p>On a somewhat related note: Im making friends with The Jinj, a neighbourhood cat of the orange variety.</p>
</article>
<hr>
{%- endblock %}

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{% extends "nav" %}
{% block content %}
<h2>Potato Tech</h2>
<i>31 December, 2017</i>
<p>I shared lunch with some permaculture friends on Christmas day and they gifted me some of their seed potatoes. Today I planted them. Having seen how the plants thrived in my friends garden, and having learning more about potato diversity while I was in Peru, Im excited to experience my first attempt growing them. As I do so, I extend the line of humyns who have woven relationships with this plant over thousands and thousands of years; an honour and a privilege.</p>
<p>Seeing the potatoes like this is freakin rad! I got to appreciate the potato plant as an energy capture and storage technology: harness solar energy, grow a battery, redeploy solar panels from that battery months later. Beautiful.</p>
<figure>
<img src="/plants/potato_battery.jpeg" style="width: 100%;" />
<figcaption>Warning: battery is reaching critical levels</figcaption>
</figure>
<figure>
<img src="/plants/potato_sprout.jpeg" style="width: 100%;" />
<figcaption>The courageous potato perseveres in search of the light</figcaption>
</figure>
<article>
<h2>Potato Tech</h2>
<i>31 December, 2017</i>
<p>I shared lunch with some permaculture friends on Christmas day and they gifted me some of their seed potatoes. Today I planted them. Having seen how the plants thrived in my friends garden, and having learning more about potato diversity while I was in Peru, Im excited to experience my first attempt growing them. As I do so, I extend the line of humyns who have woven relationships with this plant over thousands and thousands of years; an honour and a privilege.</p>
<p>Seeing the potatoes like this is freakin rad! I got to appreciate the potato plant as an energy capture and storage technology: harness solar energy, grow a battery, redeploy solar panels from that battery months later. Beautiful.</p>
<figure>
<img src="/plants/potato_battery.jpeg" style="width: 100%;" />
<figcaption>Warning: battery is reaching critical levels</figcaption>
</figure>
<figure>
<img src="/plants/potato_sprout.jpeg" style="width: 100%;" />
<figcaption>The courageous potato perseveres in search of the light</figcaption>
</figure>
</article>
<hr>
{%- endblock %}