feat: add retries to app volume remove

In preparation for the new abra release, let's fix all integration tests

After merging, this needs to be cherry-picked into the release-0-9 branch.

  - [x] app_backup.bats (skip this one)
  - [x] app_check.bats (fixed by bd21014fed)
  - [x] app_cmd.bats (partially fixed in 08232b74f6), has known regression coop-cloud/organising#581
  - [x] app_config.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] app_cp.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] app_deploy.bats
  - [x] app_errors.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] app_list.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] app_logs.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] app_new.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] app_ps.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] app_remove.bats (fixed by [2f29fbeb2e](coop-cloud/abra#403/commits/2f29fbeb2e018656413fa25f8615b7a98cdcb083))
  - [x] app_restart.bats (no changes needed
  - [x] app_restore.bats (fixed by [f2dd5afc38](coop-cloud/abra#403/commits/f2dd5afc38a25a8316899fa0c6d59499445868d7))
  - [x] app_rollback.bats (partially fixed by 6e99b74c24)
  - [x] app_run.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] app_secret.bats (fixed by bd069d32f6)
  - [x] app_services.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] app_undeploy.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] app_upgrade.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] app_version.bats (partially fixed by ad323ad2bd)
  - [x] app_volume.bats (fixed by [03c3823770](coop-cloud/abra#403/commits/03c38237707ae795b723180eb07a7edc84a8de35))
  - [x] autocomplete.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] catalogue.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] dirs.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] install.bats (failes, but is expected)
  - [x] recipe_diff.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] recipe_fetch.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] recipe_lint.bats (fixed by [b6b0808066](coop-cloud/abra#403/commits/b6b0808066a11e4bcd77517ec39600d500bcb944))
  - [x] recipe_list.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] recipe_new.bats (fixed by [0aac464ded](coop-cloud/abra#403/commits/0aac464ded6b43afb3ec37ade2f64d6191b9838f))
  - [x] recipe_release.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] recipe_reset.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] recipe_sync.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] recipe_upgrade.bats (fixed by [ab86904cf4](coop-cloud/abra#403/commits/ab86904cf45db89c7c189ca1fd9971909bd446dd))
  - [x] recipe_version.bats (fixed by 81897bf4da)
  - [x] server_add.bats
  - [x] server_list.bats
  - [x] server_prune.bats (no changes needed)
  - [x] server_remove.bats
  - [x] upgrade.bats
  - [x] version.bats (no changes needed)

Co-authored-by: decentral1se <cellarspoon@riseup.net>
Reviewed-on: coop-cloud/abra#403
Co-authored-by: p4u1 <p4u1_f4u1@riseup.net>
Co-committed-by: p4u1 <p4u1_f4u1@riseup.net>

cli/app/backup.go

@@ -1,414 +1,296 @@
 package app
 
 import (
-	"archive/tar"
-	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"
-	"time"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	containerPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/container"
-	recipePkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/container"
-	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
-	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/archive"
-	"github.com/klauspost/pgzip"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
 
-type backupConfig struct {
+var snapshot string
-	preHookCmd  string
+var snapshotFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	postHookCmd string
+	Name:        "snapshot, s",
-	backupPaths []string
+	Usage:       "Lists specific snapshot",
+	Destination: &snapshot,
 }
 
-var appBackupCommand = cli.Command{
+var includePath string
-	Name:      "backup",
+var includePathFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Aliases:   []string{"bk"},
+	Name:        "path, p",
-	Usage:     "Run app backup",
+	Usage:       "Include path",
-	ArgsUsage: "<domain> [<service>]",
+	Destination: &includePath,
+}
+
+var resticRepo string
+var resticRepoFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "repo, r",
+	Usage:       "Restic repository",
+	Destination: &resticRepo,
+}
+
+var appBackupListCommand = cli.Command{
+	Name:    "list",
+	Aliases: []string{"ls"},
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
-		internal.ChaosFlag,
+		snapshotFlag,
+		includePathFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	Usage:        "List all backups",
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
-	Description: `
-Run an app backup.
-
-A backup command and pre/post hook commands are defined in the recipe
-configuration. Abra reads this configuration and run the comands in the context
-of the deployed services. Pass <service> if you only want to back up a single
-service. All backups are placed in the ~/.abra/backups directory.
-
-A single backup file is produced for all backup paths specified for a service.
-If we have the following backup configuration:
-
-    - "backupbot.backup.path=/var/lib/foo,/var/lib/bar"
-
-And we run "abra app backup example.com app", Abra will produce a file that
-looks like:
-
-    ~/.abra/backups/example_com_app_609341138.tar.gz
-
-This file is a compressed archive which contains all backup paths. To see paths, run:
-
-    tar -tf ~/.abra/backups/example_com_app_609341138.tar.gz
-
-(Make sure to change the name of the backup file)
-
-This single file can be used to restore your app. See "abra app restore" for more.
-`,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
 		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
 
-		recipe, err := recipePkg.Get(app.Recipe, internal.Offline)
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
-		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
 		if !internal.Chaos {
-			if err := recipePkg.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 
 			if !internal.Offline {
-				if err := recipePkg.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
 					logrus.Fatal(err)
 				}
 			}
 
-			if err := recipePkg.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		}
 
-		backupConfigs := make(map[string]backupConfig)
-		for _, service := range recipe.Config.Services {
-			if backupsEnabled, ok := service.Deploy.Labels["backupbot.backup"]; ok {
-				if backupsEnabled == "true" {
-					fullServiceName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", app.StackName(), service.Name)
-					bkConfig := backupConfig{}
-
-					logrus.Debugf("backup config detected for %s", fullServiceName)
-
-					if paths, ok := service.Deploy.Labels["backupbot.backup.path"]; ok {
-						logrus.Debugf("detected backup paths for %s: %s", fullServiceName, paths)
-						bkConfig.backupPaths = strings.Split(paths, ",")
-					}
-
-					if preHookCmd, ok := service.Deploy.Labels["backupbot.backup.pre-hook"]; ok {
-						logrus.Debugf("detected pre-hook command for %s: %s", fullServiceName, preHookCmd)
-						bkConfig.preHookCmd = preHookCmd
-					}
-
-					if postHookCmd, ok := service.Deploy.Labels["backupbot.backup.post-hook"]; ok {
-						logrus.Debugf("detected post-hook command for %s: %s", fullServiceName, postHookCmd)
-						bkConfig.postHookCmd = postHookCmd
-					}
-
-					backupConfigs[service.Name] = bkConfig
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		serviceName := c.Args().Get(1)
+		targetContainer, err := internal.RetrieveBackupBotContainer(cl)
-		if serviceName != "" {
+		if err != nil {
-			backupConfig, ok := backupConfigs[serviceName]
-			if !ok {
-				logrus.Fatalf("no backup config for %s? does %s exist?", serviceName, serviceName)
-			}
-
-			logrus.Infof("running backup for the %s service", serviceName)
-
-			if err := runBackup(cl, app, serviceName, backupConfig); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		} else {
+
-			if len(backupConfigs) == 0 {
+		execEnv := []string{fmt.Sprintf("SERVICE=%s", app.Domain)}
-				logrus.Fatalf("no backup configs discovered for %s?", app.Name)
+		if snapshot != "" {
+			logrus.Debugf("including SNAPSHOT=%s in backupbot exec invocation", snapshot)
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("SNAPSHOT=%s", snapshot))
+		}
+		if includePath != "" {
+			logrus.Debugf("including INCLUDE_PATH=%s in backupbot exec invocation", includePath)
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("INCLUDE_PATH=%s", includePath))
 		}
 
-			for serviceName, backupConfig := range backupConfigs {
+		if err := internal.RunBackupCmdRemote(cl, "ls", targetContainer.ID, execEnv); err != nil {
-				logrus.Infof("running backup for the %s service", serviceName)
-
-				if err := runBackup(cl, app, serviceName, backupConfig); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
-			}
-		}
 
 		return nil
 	},
 }
 
-// TimeStamp generates a file name friendly timestamp.
+var appBackupDownloadCommand = cli.Command{
-func TimeStamp() string {
+	Name:    "download",
-	ts := time.Now().UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)
+	Aliases: []string{"d"},
-	return strings.Replace(ts, ":", "-", -1)
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.DebugFlag,
+		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		snapshotFlag,
+		includePathFlag,
+	},
+	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	Usage:        "Download a backup",
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-// runBackup does the actual backup logic.
+		if !internal.Chaos {
-func runBackup(cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, serviceName string, bkConfig backupConfig) error {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
-	if len(bkConfig.backupPaths) == 0 {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
-		return fmt.Errorf("backup paths are empty for %s?", serviceName)
 			}
 
-	// FIXME: avoid instantiating a new CLI
+			if !internal.Offline {
-	dcli, err := command.NewDockerCli()
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
-		return err
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-	filters := filters.NewArgs()
+		targetContainer, err := internal.RetrieveBackupBotContainer(cl)
-	filters.Add("name", fmt.Sprintf("^%s_%s", app.StackName(), serviceName))
-
-	targetContainer, err := containerPkg.GetContainer(context.Background(), cl, filters, true)
 		if err != nil {
-		return err
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-	fullServiceName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", app.StackName(), serviceName)
+		execEnv := []string{fmt.Sprintf("SERVICE=%s", app.Domain)}
-	if bkConfig.preHookCmd != "" {
+		if snapshot != "" {
-		splitCmd := internal.SafeSplit(bkConfig.preHookCmd)
+			logrus.Debugf("including SNAPSHOT=%s in backupbot exec invocation", snapshot)
-
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("SNAPSHOT=%s", snapshot))
-		logrus.Debugf("split pre-hook command for %s into %s", fullServiceName, splitCmd)
+		}
-
+		if includePath != "" {
-		preHookExecOpts := types.ExecConfig{
+			logrus.Debugf("including INCLUDE_PATH=%s in backupbot exec invocation", includePath)
-			AttachStderr: true,
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("INCLUDE_PATH=%s", includePath))
-			AttachStdin:  true,
-			AttachStdout: true,
-			Cmd:          splitCmd,
-			Detach:       false,
-			Tty:          true,
 		}
 
-		if err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &preHookExecOpts); err != nil {
+		if err := internal.RunBackupCmdRemote(cl, "download", targetContainer.ID, execEnv); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to run %s on %s: %s", bkConfig.preHookCmd, targetContainer.ID, err.Error())
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		logrus.Infof("succesfully ran %s pre-hook command: %s", fullServiceName, bkConfig.preHookCmd)
+		remoteBackupDir := "/tmp/backup.tar.gz"
+		currentWorkingDir := "."
+		if err = CopyFromContainer(cl, targetContainer.ID, remoteBackupDir, currentWorkingDir); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-	var tempBackupPaths []string
+		fmt.Println("backup successfully downloaded to current working directory")
-	for _, remoteBackupPath := range bkConfig.backupPaths {
-		sanitisedPath := strings.ReplaceAll(remoteBackupPath, "/", "_")
-		localBackupPath := filepath.Join(config.BACKUP_DIR, fmt.Sprintf("%s%s_%s.tar.gz", fullServiceName, sanitisedPath, TimeStamp()))
-		logrus.Debugf("temporarily backing up %s:%s to %s", fullServiceName, remoteBackupPath, localBackupPath)
 
-		logrus.Infof("backing up %s:%s", fullServiceName, remoteBackupPath)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
 
-		content, _, err := cl.CopyFromContainer(context.Background(), targetContainer.ID, remoteBackupPath)
+var appBackupCreateCommand = cli.Command{
+	Name:    "create",
+	Aliases: []string{"c"},
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.DebugFlag,
+		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		resticRepoFlag,
+	},
+	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	Usage:        "Create a new backup",
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Debugf("failed to copy %s from container: %s", remoteBackupPath, err.Error())
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
-			if err := cleanupTempArchives(tempBackupPaths); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to clean up temporary archives: %s", err.Error())
-			}
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to copy %s from container: %s", remoteBackupPath, err.Error())
-		}
-		defer content.Close()
-
-		_, srcBase := archive.SplitPathDirEntry(remoteBackupPath)
-		preArchive := archive.RebaseArchiveEntries(content, srcBase, remoteBackupPath)
-		if err := copyToFile(localBackupPath, preArchive); err != nil {
-			logrus.Debugf("failed to create tar archive (%s): %s", localBackupPath, err.Error())
-			if err := cleanupTempArchives(tempBackupPaths); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to clean up temporary archives: %s", err.Error())
-			}
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create tar archive (%s): %s", localBackupPath, err.Error())
 		}
 
-		tempBackupPaths = append(tempBackupPaths, localBackupPath)
+		targetContainer, err := internal.RetrieveBackupBotContainer(cl)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-	logrus.Infof("compressing and merging archives...")
+		execEnv := []string{fmt.Sprintf("SERVICE=%s", app.Domain)}
-
+		if resticRepo != "" {
-	if err := mergeArchives(tempBackupPaths, fullServiceName); err != nil {
+			logrus.Debugf("including RESTIC_REPO=%s in backupbot exec invocation", resticRepo)
-		logrus.Debugf("failed to merge archive files: %s", err.Error())
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("RESTIC_REPO=%s", resticRepo))
-		if err := cleanupTempArchives(tempBackupPaths); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to clean up temporary archives: %s", err.Error())
-		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to merge archive files: %s", err.Error())
 		}
 
-	if err := cleanupTempArchives(tempBackupPaths); err != nil {
+		if err := internal.RunBackupCmdRemote(cl, "create", targetContainer.ID, execEnv); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to clean up temporary archives: %s", err.Error())
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if bkConfig.postHookCmd != "" {
-		splitCmd := internal.SafeSplit(bkConfig.postHookCmd)
-
-		logrus.Debugf("split post-hook command for %s into %s", fullServiceName, splitCmd)
-
-		postHookExecOpts := types.ExecConfig{
-			AttachStderr: true,
-			AttachStdin:  true,
-			AttachStdout: true,
-			Cmd:          splitCmd,
-			Detach:       false,
-			Tty:          true,
-		}
-
-		if err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &postHookExecOpts); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		logrus.Infof("succesfully ran %s post-hook command: %s", fullServiceName, bkConfig.postHookCmd)
 		}
 
 		return nil
+	},
 }
 
-func copyToFile(outfile string, r io.Reader) error {
+var appBackupSnapshotsCommand = cli.Command{
-	tmpFile, err := os.CreateTemp(filepath.Dir(outfile), ".tar_temp")
+	Name:    "snapshots",
+	Aliases: []string{"s"},
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.DebugFlag,
+		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		snapshotFlag,
+	},
+	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	Usage:        "List backup snapshots",
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
-		return err
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-	tmpPath := tmpFile.Name()
+		targetContainer, err := internal.RetrieveBackupBotContainer(cl)
-
-	_, err = io.Copy(tmpFile, r)
-	tmpFile.Close()
-
 		if err != nil {
-		os.Remove(tmpPath)
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		return err
 		}
 
-	if err = os.Rename(tmpPath, outfile); err != nil {
+		execEnv := []string{fmt.Sprintf("SERVICE=%s", app.Domain)}
-		os.Remove(tmpPath)
+		if snapshot != "" {
-		return err
+			logrus.Debugf("including SNAPSHOT=%s in backupbot exec invocation", snapshot)
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("SNAPSHOT=%s", snapshot))
+		}
+
+		if err := internal.RunBackupCmdRemote(cl, "snapshots", targetContainer.ID, execEnv); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
 		return nil
+	},
 }
 
-func cleanupTempArchives(tarPaths []string) error {
+var appBackupCommand = cli.Command{
-	for _, tarPath := range tarPaths {
+	Name:      "backup",
-		if err := os.RemoveAll(tarPath); err != nil {
+	Aliases:   []string{"b"},
-			return err
+	Usage:     "Manage app backups",
-		}
+	ArgsUsage: "<domain>",
-
+	Subcommands: []cli.Command{
-		logrus.Debugf("remove temporary archive file %s", tarPath)
+		appBackupListCommand,
-	}
+		appBackupSnapshotsCommand,
-
+		appBackupDownloadCommand,
-	return nil
+		appBackupCreateCommand,
-}
+	},
-
-func mergeArchives(tarPaths []string, serviceName string) error {
-	var out io.Writer
-	var cout *pgzip.Writer
-
-	localBackupPath := filepath.Join(config.BACKUP_DIR, fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s.tar.gz", serviceName, TimeStamp()))
-
-	fout, err := os.Create(localBackupPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("Failed to open %s: %s", localBackupPath, err)
-	}
-
-	defer fout.Close()
-	out = fout
-
-	cout = pgzip.NewWriter(out)
-	out = cout
-
-	tw := tar.NewWriter(out)
-
-	for _, tarPath := range tarPaths {
-		if err := addTar(tw, tarPath); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to merge %s: %v", tarPath, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if err := tw.Close(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to close tar writer %v", err)
-	}
-
-	if cout != nil {
-		if err := cout.Flush(); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to flush: %s", err)
-		} else if err = cout.Close(); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to close compressed writer: %s", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	logrus.Infof("backed up %s to %s", serviceName, localBackupPath)
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func addTar(tw *tar.Writer, pth string) (err error) {
-	var tr *tar.Reader
-	var rc io.ReadCloser
-	var hdr *tar.Header
-
-	if tr, rc, err = openTarFile(pth); err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	for {
-		if hdr, err = tr.Next(); err != nil {
-			if err == io.EOF {
-				err = nil
-			}
-			break
-		}
-		if err = tw.WriteHeader(hdr); err != nil {
-			break
-		} else if _, err = io.Copy(tw, tr); err != nil {
-			break
-		}
-	}
-	if err == nil {
-		err = rc.Close()
-	} else {
-		rc.Close()
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-func openTarFile(pth string) (tr *tar.Reader, rc io.ReadCloser, err error) {
-	var fin *os.File
-	var n int
-	buff := make([]byte, 1024)
-
-	if fin, err = os.Open(pth); err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	if n, err = fin.Read(buff); err != nil {
-		fin.Close()
-		return
-	} else if n == 0 {
-		fin.Close()
-		err = fmt.Errorf("%s is empty", pth)
-		return
-	}
-
-	if _, err = fin.Seek(0, 0); err != nil {
-		fin.Close()
-		return
-	}
-
-	rc = fin
-	tr = tar.NewReader(rc)
-
-	return tr, rc, nil
 }

cli/app/cp.go

@@ -2,19 +2,24 @@ package app
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"os"
+	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	containerPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/container"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/container"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/container"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
 	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/errdefs"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/archive"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
@@ -49,46 +54,14 @@ And if you want to copy that file back to your current working directory locally
 		dst := c.Args().Get(2)
 		if src == "" {
 			logrus.Fatal("missing <src> argument")
-		} else if dst == "" {
+		}
+		if dst == "" {
 			logrus.Fatal("missing <dest> argument")
 		}
 
-		parsedSrc := strings.SplitN(src, ":", 2)
+		srcPath, dstPath, service, toContainer, err := parseSrcAndDst(src, dst)
-		parsedDst := strings.SplitN(dst, ":", 2)
+		if err != nil {
-		errorMsg := "one of <src>/<dest> arguments must take $SERVICE:$PATH form"
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		if len(parsedSrc) == 2 && len(parsedDst) == 2 {
-			logrus.Fatal(errorMsg)
-		} else if len(parsedSrc) != 2 {
-			if len(parsedDst) != 2 {
-				logrus.Fatal(errorMsg)
-			}
-		} else if len(parsedDst) != 2 {
-			if len(parsedSrc) != 2 {
-				logrus.Fatal(errorMsg)
-			}
-		}
-
-		var service string
-		var srcPath string
-		var dstPath string
-		isToContainer := false // <container:src> <dst>
-		if len(parsedSrc) == 2 {
-			service = parsedSrc[0]
-			srcPath = parsedSrc[1]
-			dstPath = dst
-			logrus.Debugf("assuming transfer is coming FROM the container")
-		} else if len(parsedDst) == 2 {
-			service = parsedDst[0]
-			dstPath = parsedDst[1]
-			srcPath = src
-			isToContainer = true // <src> <container:dst>
-			logrus.Debugf("assuming transfer is going TO the container")
-		}
-
-		if isToContainer {
-			if _, err := os.Stat(srcPath); os.IsNotExist(err) {
-				logrus.Fatalf("%s does not exist locally?", srcPath)
-			}
 		}
 
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
@@ -96,7 +69,18 @@ And if you want to copy that file back to your current working directory locally
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		if err := configureAndCp(c, cl, app, srcPath, dstPath, service, isToContainer); err != nil {
+		container, err := containerPkg.GetContainerFromStackAndService(cl, app.StackName(), service)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		logrus.Debugf("retrieved %s as target container on %s", formatter.ShortenID(container.ID), app.Server)
+
+		if toContainer {
+			err = CopyToContainer(cl, container.ID, srcPath, dstPath)
+		} else {
+			err = CopyFromContainer(cl, container.ID, srcPath, dstPath)
+		}
+		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
@@ -104,46 +88,292 @@ And if you want to copy that file back to your current working directory locally
 	},
 }
 
-func configureAndCp(
+var errServiceMissing = errors.New("one of <src>/<dest> arguments must take $SERVICE:$PATH form")
-	c *cli.Context,
-	cl *dockerClient.Client,
-	app config.App,
-	srcPath string,
-	dstPath string,
-	service string,
-	isToContainer bool) error {
-	filters := filters.NewArgs()
-	filters.Add("name", fmt.Sprintf("^%s_%s", app.StackName(), service))
 
-	container, err := container.GetContainer(context.Background(), cl, filters, internal.NoInput)
+// parseSrcAndDst parses src and dest string. One of src or dst must be of the form $SERVICE:$PATH
-	if err != nil {
+func parseSrcAndDst(src, dst string) (srcPath string, dstPath string, service string, toContainer bool, err error) {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	parsedSrc := strings.SplitN(src, ":", 2)
+	parsedDst := strings.SplitN(dst, ":", 2)
+	if len(parsedSrc)+len(parsedDst) != 3 {
+		return "", "", "", false, errServiceMissing
+	}
+	if len(parsedSrc) == 2 {
+		return parsedSrc[1], dst, parsedSrc[0], false, nil
+	}
+	if len(parsedDst) == 2 {
+		return src, parsedDst[1], parsedDst[0], true, nil
+	}
+	return "", "", "", false, errServiceMissing
 }
 
-	logrus.Debugf("retrieved %s as target container on %s", formatter.ShortenID(container.ID), app.Server)
+// CopyToContainer copies a file or directory from the local file system to the container.
+// See the possible copy modes and their documentation.
+func CopyToContainer(cl *dockerClient.Client, containerID, srcPath, dstPath string) error {
+	srcStat, err := os.Stat(srcPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("local %s ", err)
+	}
 
-	if isToContainer {
+	dstStat, err := cl.ContainerStatPath(context.Background(), containerID, dstPath)
-		toTarOpts := &archive.TarOptions{NoOverwriteDirNonDir: true, Compression: archive.Gzip}
+	dstExists := true
+	if err != nil {
+		if errdefs.IsNotFound(err) {
+			dstExists = false
+		} else {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remote path: %s", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	mode, err := copyMode(srcPath, dstPath, srcStat.Mode(), dstStat.Mode, dstExists)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	movePath := ""
+	switch mode {
+	case CopyModeDirToDir:
+		// Add the src directory to the destination path
+		_, srcDir := path.Split(srcPath)
+		dstPath = path.Join(dstPath, srcDir)
+
+		// Make sure the dst directory exits.
+		dcli, err := command.NewDockerCli()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if _, err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, containerID, &types.ExecConfig{
+			AttachStderr: true,
+			AttachStdin:  true,
+			AttachStdout: true,
+			Cmd:          []string{"mkdir", "-p", dstPath},
+			Detach:       false,
+			Tty:          true,
+		}); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create remote directory: %s", err)
+		}
+	case CopyModeFileToFile:
+		// Remove the file component from the path, since docker can only copy
+		// to a directory.
+		dstPath, _ = path.Split(dstPath)
+	case CopyModeFileToFileRename:
+		// Copy the file to the temp directory and move it to its dstPath
+		// afterwards.
+		movePath = dstPath
+		dstPath = "/tmp"
+	}
+
+	toTarOpts := &archive.TarOptions{IncludeSourceDir: true, NoOverwriteDirNonDir: true, Compression: archive.Gzip}
 	content, err := archive.TarWithOptions(srcPath, toTarOpts)
 	if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		return err
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("copy %s from local to %s on container", srcPath, dstPath)
 	copyOpts := types.CopyToContainerOptions{AllowOverwriteDirWithFile: false, CopyUIDGID: false}
-		if err := cl.CopyToContainer(context.Background(), container.ID, dstPath, content, copyOpts); err != nil {
+	if err := cl.CopyToContainer(context.Background(), containerID, dstPath, content, copyOpts); err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		return err
 	}
-	} else {
+
-		content, _, err := cl.CopyFromContainer(context.Background(), container.ID, srcPath)
+	if movePath != "" {
+		_, srcFile := path.Split(srcPath)
+		dcli, err := command.NewDockerCli()
 		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+			return err
 		}
-		defer content.Close()
+		if _, err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, containerID, &types.ExecConfig{
-		fromTarOpts := &archive.TarOptions{NoOverwriteDirNonDir: true, Compression: archive.Gzip}
+			AttachStderr: true,
-		if err := archive.Untar(content, dstPath, fromTarOpts); err != nil {
+			AttachStdin:  true,
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+			AttachStdout: true,
+			Cmd:          []string{"mv", path.Join("/tmp", srcFile), movePath},
+			Detach:       false,
+			Tty:          true,
+		}); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create remote directory: %s", err)
 		}
 	}
 
 	return nil
 }
+
+// CopyFromContainer copies a file or directory from the given container to the local file system.
+// See the possible copy modes and their documentation.
+func CopyFromContainer(cl *dockerClient.Client, containerID, srcPath, dstPath string) error {
+	srcStat, err := cl.ContainerStatPath(context.Background(), containerID, srcPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errdefs.IsNotFound(err) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remote: %s does not exist", srcPath)
+		} else {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remote path: %s", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	dstStat, err := os.Stat(dstPath)
+	dstExists := true
+	var dstMode os.FileMode
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			dstExists = false
+		} else {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remote path: %s", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		dstMode = dstStat.Mode()
+	}
+
+	mode, err := copyMode(srcPath, dstPath, srcStat.Mode, dstMode, dstExists)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	moveDstDir := ""
+	moveDstFile := ""
+	switch mode {
+	case CopyModeFileToFile:
+		// Remove the file component from the path, since docker can only copy
+		// to a directory.
+		dstPath, _ = path.Split(dstPath)
+	case CopyModeFileToFileRename:
+		// Copy the file to the temp directory and move it to its dstPath
+		// afterwards.
+		moveDstFile = dstPath
+		dstPath = "/tmp"
+	case CopyModeFilesToDir:
+		// Copy the directory to the temp directory and move it to its
+		// dstPath afterwards.
+		moveDstDir = path.Join(dstPath, "/")
+		dstPath = "/tmp"
+
+		// Make sure the temp directory always gets removed
+		defer os.Remove(path.Join("/tmp"))
+	}
+
+	content, _, err := cl.CopyFromContainer(context.Background(), containerID, srcPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("copy: %s", err)
+	}
+	defer content.Close()
+	if err := archive.Untar(content, dstPath, &archive.TarOptions{
+		NoOverwriteDirNonDir: true,
+		Compression:          archive.Gzip,
+		NoLchown:             true,
+	}); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("untar: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if moveDstFile != "" {
+		_, srcFile := path.Split(strings.TrimSuffix(srcPath, "/"))
+		if err := moveFile(path.Join("/tmp", srcFile), moveDstFile); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if moveDstDir != "" {
+		_, srcDir := path.Split(strings.TrimSuffix(srcPath, "/"))
+		if err := moveDir(path.Join("/tmp", srcDir), moveDstDir); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+var (
+	ErrCopyDirToFile  = fmt.Errorf("can't copy dir to file")
+	ErrDstDirNotExist = fmt.Errorf("destination directory does not exist")
+)
+
+type CopyMode int
+
+const (
+	// Copy a src file to a dest file. The src and dest file names are the same.
+	//  <dir_src>/<file> + <dir_dst>/<file> -> <dir_dst>/<file>
+	CopyModeFileToFile = CopyMode(iota)
+	// Copy a src file to a dest file. The src and dest file names are  not the same.
+	//  <dir_src>/<file_src> + <dir_dst>/<file_dst> -> <dir_dst>/<file_dst>
+	CopyModeFileToFileRename
+	// Copy a src file to dest directory. The dest file gets created in the dest
+	// folder with the src filename.
+	//  <dir_src>/<file> + <dir_dst> -> <dir_dst>/<file>
+	CopyModeFileToDir
+	// Copy a src directory to dest directory.
+	//  <dir_src> + <dir_dst> -> <dir_dst>/<dir_src>
+	CopyModeDirToDir
+	// Copy all files in the src directory to the dest directory. This works recursively.
+	//  <dir_src>/ + <dir_dst> -> <dir_dst>/<files_from_dir_src>
+	CopyModeFilesToDir
+)
+
+// copyMode takes a src and dest path and file mode to determine the copy mode.
+// See the possible copy modes and their documentation.
+func copyMode(srcPath, dstPath string, srcMode os.FileMode, dstMode os.FileMode, dstExists bool) (CopyMode, error) {
+	_, srcFile := path.Split(srcPath)
+	_, dstFile := path.Split(dstPath)
+	if srcMode.IsDir() {
+		if !dstExists {
+			return -1, ErrDstDirNotExist
+		}
+		if dstMode.IsDir() {
+			if strings.HasSuffix(srcPath, "/") {
+				return CopyModeFilesToDir, nil
+			}
+			return CopyModeDirToDir, nil
+		}
+		return -1, ErrCopyDirToFile
+	}
+
+	if dstMode.IsDir() {
+		return CopyModeFileToDir, nil
+	}
+
+	if srcFile != dstFile {
+		return CopyModeFileToFileRename, nil
+	}
+
+	return CopyModeFileToFile, nil
+}
+
+// moveDir moves all files from a source path to the destination path recursively.
+func moveDir(sourcePath, destPath string) error {
+	return filepath.Walk(sourcePath, func(p string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error {
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		newPath := path.Join(destPath, strings.TrimPrefix(p, sourcePath))
+		if info.IsDir() {
+			err := os.Mkdir(newPath, info.Mode())
+			if err != nil {
+				if os.IsExist(err) {
+					return nil
+				}
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		if info.Mode().IsRegular() {
+			return moveFile(p, newPath)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+}
+
+// moveFile moves a file from a source path to a destination path.
+func moveFile(sourcePath, destPath string) error {
+	inputFile, err := os.Open(sourcePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	outputFile, err := os.Create(destPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		inputFile.Close()
+		return err
+	}
+	defer outputFile.Close()
+	_, err = io.Copy(outputFile, inputFile)
+	inputFile.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Remove file after succesfull copy.
+	err = os.Remove(sourcePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}

cli/app/cp_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+package app
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestParse(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		src         string
+		dst         string
+		srcPath     string
+		dstPath     string
+		service     string
+		toContainer bool
+		err         error
+	}{
+		{src: "foo", dst: "bar", err: errServiceMissing},
+		{src: "app:foo", dst: "app:bar", err: errServiceMissing},
+		{src: "app:foo", dst: "bar", srcPath: "foo", dstPath: "bar", service: "app", toContainer: false},
+		{src: "foo", dst: "app:bar", srcPath: "foo", dstPath: "bar", service: "app", toContainer: true},
+	}
+
+	for i, tc := range tests {
+		srcPath, dstPath, service, toContainer, err := parseSrcAndDst(tc.src, tc.dst)
+		if srcPath != tc.srcPath {
+			t.Errorf("[%d] srcPath: want (%s), got(%s)", i, tc.srcPath, srcPath)
+		}
+		if dstPath != tc.dstPath {
+			t.Errorf("[%d] dstPath: want (%s), got(%s)", i, tc.dstPath, dstPath)
+		}
+		if service != tc.service {
+			t.Errorf("[%d] service: want (%s), got(%s)", i, tc.service, service)
+		}
+		if toContainer != tc.toContainer {
+			t.Errorf("[%d] toConainer: want (%t), got(%t)", i, tc.toContainer, toContainer)
+		}
+		if err == nil && tc.err != nil && err.Error() != tc.err.Error() {
+			t.Errorf("[%d] err: want (%s), got(%s)", i, tc.err, err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCopyMode(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		srcPath   string
+		dstPath   string
+		srcMode   os.FileMode
+		dstMode   os.FileMode
+		dstExists bool
+		mode      CopyMode
+		err       error
+	}{
+		{
+			srcPath:   "foo.txt",
+			dstPath:   "foo.txt",
+			srcMode:   os.ModePerm,
+			dstMode:   os.ModePerm,
+			dstExists: true,
+			mode:      CopyModeFileToFile,
+		},
+		{
+			srcPath:   "foo.txt",
+			dstPath:   "bar.txt",
+			srcMode:   os.ModePerm,
+			dstExists: true,
+			mode:      CopyModeFileToFileRename,
+		},
+		{
+			srcPath:   "foo",
+			dstPath:   "foo",
+			srcMode:   os.ModeDir,
+			dstMode:   os.ModeDir,
+			dstExists: true,
+			mode:      CopyModeDirToDir,
+		},
+		{
+			srcPath:   "foo/",
+			dstPath:   "foo",
+			srcMode:   os.ModeDir,
+			dstMode:   os.ModeDir,
+			dstExists: true,
+			mode:      CopyModeFilesToDir,
+		},
+		{
+			srcPath:   "foo",
+			dstPath:   "foo",
+			srcMode:   os.ModeDir,
+			dstExists: false,
+			mode:      -1,
+			err:       ErrDstDirNotExist,
+		},
+		{
+			srcPath:   "foo",
+			dstPath:   "foo",
+			srcMode:   os.ModeDir,
+			dstMode:   os.ModePerm,
+			dstExists: true,
+			mode:      -1,
+			err:       ErrCopyDirToFile,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for i, tc := range tests {
+		mode, err := copyMode(tc.srcPath, tc.dstPath, tc.srcMode, tc.dstMode, tc.dstExists)
+		if mode != tc.mode {
+			t.Errorf("[%d] mode: want (%d), got(%d)", i, tc.mode, mode)
+		}
+		if err != tc.err {
+			t.Errorf("[%d] err: want (%s), got(%s)", i, tc.err, err)
+		}
+	}
+}

cli/app/logs.go

@@ -2,75 +2,26 @@ package app
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"os"
+	"slices"
 	"sync"
+	"time"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/service"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/swarm"
 	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
 
-var logOpts = types.ContainerLogsOptions{
-	ShowStderr: true,
-	ShowStdout: true,
-	Since:      "",
-	Until:      "",
-	Timestamps: true,
-	Follow:     true,
-	Tail:       "20",
-	Details:    false,
-}
-
-// stackLogs lists logs for all stack services
-func stackLogs(c *cli.Context, app config.App, client *dockerClient.Client) {
-	filters, err := app.Filters(true, false)
-	if err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	serviceOpts := types.ServiceListOptions{Filters: filters}
-	services, err := client.ServiceList(context.Background(), serviceOpts)
-	if err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	var wg sync.WaitGroup
-	for _, service := range services {
-		wg.Add(1)
-		go func(s string) {
-			if internal.StdErrOnly {
-				logOpts.ShowStdout = false
-			}
-
-			logs, err := client.ServiceLogs(context.Background(), s, logOpts)
-			if err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-			defer logs.Close()
-
-			_, err = io.Copy(os.Stdout, logs)
-			if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-		}(service.ID)
-	}
-
-	wg.Wait()
-
-	os.Exit(0)
-}
-
 var appLogsCommand = cli.Command{
 	Name:      "logs",
 	Aliases:   []string{"l"},
@@ -105,37 +56,70 @@ var appLogsCommand = cli.Command{
 			logrus.Fatalf("%s is not deployed?", app.Name)
 		}
 
-		logOpts.Since = internal.SinceLogs
-
 		serviceName := c.Args().Get(1)
-		if serviceName == "" {
+		serviceNames := []string{}
-			logrus.Debugf("tailing logs for all %s services", app.Recipe)
+		if serviceName != "" {
-			stackLogs(c, app, cl)
+			serviceNames = []string{serviceName}
-		} else {
-			logrus.Debugf("tailing logs for %s", serviceName)
-			if err := tailServiceLogs(c, cl, app, serviceName); err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
+		err = tailLogs(cl, app, serviceNames)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
 		return nil
 	},
 }
 
-func tailServiceLogs(c *cli.Context, cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, serviceName string) error {
+// tailLogs prints logs for the given app with optional service names to be
-	filters := filters.NewArgs()
+// filtered on. It also checks if the latest task is not runnning and then
-	filters.Add("name", fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", app.StackName(), serviceName))
+// prints the past tasks.
-
+func tailLogs(cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, serviceNames []string) error {
-	chosenService, err := service.GetService(context.Background(), cl, filters, internal.NoInput)
+	f, err := app.Filters(true, false, serviceNames...)
 	if err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
+		return err
 	}
 
-	if internal.StdErrOnly {
+	services, err := cl.ServiceList(context.Background(), types.ServiceListOptions{Filters: f})
-		logOpts.ShowStdout = false
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 
-	logs, err := cl.ServiceLogs(context.Background(), chosenService.ID, logOpts)
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	for _, service := range services {
+		filters := filters.NewArgs()
+		filters.Add("name", service.Spec.Name)
+		tasks, err := cl.TaskList(context.Background(), types.TaskListOptions{Filters: f})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if len(tasks) > 0 {
+			// Need to sort the tasks by the CreatedAt field in the inverse order.
+			// Otherwise they are in the reversed order and not sorted properly.
+			slices.SortFunc[[]swarm.Task](tasks, func(t1, t2 swarm.Task) int {
+				return int(t2.Meta.CreatedAt.Unix() - t1.Meta.CreatedAt.Unix())
+			})
+			lastTask := tasks[0].Status
+			if lastTask.State != swarm.TaskStateRunning {
+				for _, task := range tasks {
+					logrus.Errorf("[%s] %s State %s: %s", service.Spec.Name, task.Meta.CreatedAt.Format(time.RFC3339), task.Status.State, task.Status.Err)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Collect the logs in a go routine, so the logs from all services are
+		// collected in parallel.
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(serviceID string) {
+			logs, err := cl.ServiceLogs(context.Background(), serviceID, types.ContainerLogsOptions{
+				ShowStderr: true,
+				ShowStdout: !internal.StdErrOnly,
+				Since:      internal.SinceLogs,
+				Until:      "",
+				Timestamps: true,
+				Follow:     true,
+				Tail:       "20",
+				Details:    false,
+			})
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -145,6 +129,11 @@ func tailServiceLogs(c *cli.Context, cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, se
 			if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
+		}(service.ID)
+	}
+
+	// Wait for all log streams to be closed.
+	wg.Wait()
 
 	return nil
 }

cli/app/new.go

@@ -55,8 +55,16 @@ var appNewCommand = cli.Command{
 		internal.ChaosFlag,
 	},
 	Before:    internal.SubCommandBefore,
-	ArgsUsage:    "[<recipe>]",
+	ArgsUsage: "[<recipe>] [<version>]",
-	BashComplete: autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete,
+	BashComplete: func(ctx *cli.Context) {
+		args := ctx.Args()
+		switch len(args) {
+		case 0:
+			autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete(ctx)
+		case 1:
+			autocomplete.RecipeVersionComplete(ctx.Args().Get(0))
+		}
+	},
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
 		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
 
@@ -69,9 +77,15 @@ var appNewCommand = cli.Command{
 					logrus.Fatal(err)
 				}
 			}
+			if c.Args().Get(1) == "" {
 				if err := recipePkg.EnsureLatest(recipe.Name); err != nil {
 					logrus.Fatal(err)
 				}
+			} else {
+				if err := recipePkg.EnsureVersion(recipe.Name, c.Args().Get(1)); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
 		}
 
 		if err := ensureServerFlag(); err != nil {
@@ -97,7 +111,7 @@ var appNewCommand = cli.Command{
 		var secrets AppSecrets
 		var secretTable *jsontable.JSONTable
 		if internal.Secrets {
-			sampleEnv, err := recipe.SampleEnv(config.ReadEnvOptions{})
+			sampleEnv, err := recipe.SampleEnv()
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -108,7 +122,7 @@ var appNewCommand = cli.Command{
 			}
 
 			envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipe.Name, ".env.sample")
-			secretsConfig, err := secret.ReadSecretsConfig(envSamplePath, composeFiles, recipe.Name)
+			secretsConfig, err := secret.ReadSecretsConfig(envSamplePath, composeFiles, config.StackName(internal.Domain))
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
@@ -168,14 +182,8 @@ var appNewCommand = cli.Command{
 type AppSecrets map[string]string
 
 // createSecrets creates all secrets for a new app.
-func createSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, secretsConfig map[string]string, sanitisedAppName string) (AppSecrets, error) {
+func createSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, secretsConfig map[string]secret.Secret, sanitisedAppName string) (AppSecrets, error) {
-	// NOTE(d1): trim to match app.StackName() implementation
+	secrets, err := secret.GenerateSecrets(cl, secretsConfig, internal.NewAppServer)
-	if len(sanitisedAppName) > 45 {
-		logrus.Debugf("trimming %s to %s to avoid runtime limits", sanitisedAppName, sanitisedAppName[:45])
-		sanitisedAppName = sanitisedAppName[:45]
-	}
-
-	secrets, err := secret.GenerateSecrets(cl, secretsConfig, sanitisedAppName, internal.NewAppServer)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -217,7 +225,7 @@ func ensureDomainFlag(recipe recipe.Recipe, server string) error {
 }
 
 // promptForSecrets asks if we should generate secrets for a new app.
-func promptForSecrets(recipeName string, secretsConfig map[string]string) error {
+func promptForSecrets(recipeName string, secretsConfig map[string]secret.Secret) error {
 	if len(secretsConfig) == 0 {
 		logrus.Debugf("%s has no secrets to generate, skipping...", recipeName)
 		return nil

cli/app/remove.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package app
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"log"
 	"os"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
@@ -11,7 +12,6 @@ import (
 	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/volume"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
@@ -110,26 +110,19 @@ flag.
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		volumeListOptions := volume.ListOptions{fs}
+		volumeList, err := client.GetVolumes(cl, context.Background(), app.Server, fs)
-		volumeListOKBody, err := cl.VolumeList(context.Background(), volumeListOptions)
-		volumeList := volumeListOKBody.Volumes
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
+		volumeNames := client.GetVolumeNames(volumeList)
 
-		var vols []string
+		if len(volumeNames) > 0 {
-		for _, vol := range volumeList {
+			err := client.RemoveVolumes(cl, context.Background(), volumeNames, internal.Force, 5)
-			vols = append(vols, vol.Name)
-		}
-
-		if len(vols) > 0 {
-			for _, vol := range vols {
-				err := cl.VolumeRemove(context.Background(), vol, internal.Force) // last argument is for force removing
 			if err != nil {
-					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				log.Fatalf("removing volumes failed: %s", err)
-				}
-				logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("volume %s removed", vol))
 			}
+
+			logrus.Infof("%d volumes removed successfully", len(volumeNames))
 		} else {
 			logrus.Info("no volumes to remove")
 		}

cli/app/restore.go

@@ -1,223 +1,82 @@
 package app
 
 import (
-	"context"
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"os"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
-	containerPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/container"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	recipePkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/container"
-	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
-	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/archive"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
 
-type restoreConfig struct {
+var targetPath string
-	preHookCmd  string
+var targetPathFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	postHookCmd string
+	Name:        "target, t",
+	Usage:       "Target path",
+	Destination: &targetPath,
 }
 
 var appRestoreCommand = cli.Command{
 	Name:      "restore",
 	Aliases:   []string{"rs"},
-	Usage:     "Run app restore",
+	Usage:     "Restore an app backup",
-	ArgsUsage: "<domain> <service> <file>",
+	ArgsUsage: "<domain> <service>",
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
-		internal.ChaosFlag,
+		targetPathFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
-	Description: `
-Run an app restore.
-
-Pre/post hook commands are defined in the recipe configuration. Abra reads this
-configuration and run the comands in the context of the service before
-restoring the backup.
-
-Unlike "abra app backup", restore must be run on a per-service basis. You can
-not restore all services in one go. Backup files produced by Abra are
-compressed archives which use absolute paths. This allows Abra to restore
-according to standard tar command logic, i.e. the backup will be restored to
-the path it was originally backed up from.
-
-Example:
-
-    abra app restore example.com app ~/.abra/backups/example_com_app_609341138.tar.gz
-`,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
 		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
 
-		recipe, err := recipe.Get(app.Recipe, internal.Offline)
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
-		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
 		if !internal.Chaos {
-			if err := recipePkg.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 
 			if !internal.Offline {
-				if err := recipePkg.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
 					logrus.Fatal(err)
 				}
 			}
 
-			if err := recipePkg.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		}
 
-		serviceName := c.Args().Get(1)
-		if serviceName == "" {
-			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("missing <service>?"))
-		}
-
-		backupPath := c.Args().Get(2)
-		if backupPath == "" {
-			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("missing <file>?"))
-		}
-
-		if _, err := os.Stat(backupPath); err != nil {
-			if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-				logrus.Fatalf("%s doesn't exist?", backupPath)
-			}
-		}
-
-		restoreConfigs := make(map[string]restoreConfig)
-		for _, service := range recipe.Config.Services {
-			if restoreEnabled, ok := service.Deploy.Labels["backupbot.restore"]; ok {
-				if restoreEnabled == "true" {
-					fullServiceName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", app.StackName(), service.Name)
-					rsConfig := restoreConfig{}
-
-					logrus.Debugf("restore config detected for %s", fullServiceName)
-
-					if preHookCmd, ok := service.Deploy.Labels["backupbot.restore.pre-hook"]; ok {
-						logrus.Debugf("detected pre-hook command for %s: %s", fullServiceName, preHookCmd)
-						rsConfig.preHookCmd = preHookCmd
-					}
-
-					if postHookCmd, ok := service.Deploy.Labels["backupbot.restore.post-hook"]; ok {
-						logrus.Debugf("detected post-hook command for %s: %s", fullServiceName, postHookCmd)
-						rsConfig.postHookCmd = postHookCmd
-					}
-
-					restoreConfigs[service.Name] = rsConfig
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		rsConfig, ok := restoreConfigs[serviceName]
-		if !ok {
-			rsConfig = restoreConfig{}
-		}
-
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		if err := runRestore(cl, app, backupPath, serviceName, rsConfig); err != nil {
+		targetContainer, err := internal.RetrieveBackupBotContainer(cl)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		execEnv := []string{fmt.Sprintf("SERVICE=%s", app.Domain)}
+		if snapshot != "" {
+			logrus.Debugf("including SNAPSHOT=%s in backupbot exec invocation", snapshot)
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("SNAPSHOT=%s", snapshot))
+		}
+		if targetPath != "" {
+			logrus.Debugf("including TARGET=%s in backupbot exec invocation", targetPath)
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("TARGET=%s", targetPath))
+		}
+
+		if err := internal.RunBackupCmdRemote(cl, "restore", targetContainer.ID, execEnv); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
 		return nil
 	},
 }
-
-// runRestore does the actual restore logic.
-func runRestore(cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, backupPath, serviceName string, rsConfig restoreConfig) error {
-	// FIXME: avoid instantiating a new CLI
-	dcli, err := command.NewDockerCli()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	filters := filters.NewArgs()
-	filters.Add("name", fmt.Sprintf("^%s_%s", app.StackName(), serviceName))
-
-	targetContainer, err := containerPkg.GetContainer(context.Background(), cl, filters, true)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	fullServiceName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", app.StackName(), serviceName)
-	if rsConfig.preHookCmd != "" {
-		splitCmd := internal.SafeSplit(rsConfig.preHookCmd)
-
-		logrus.Debugf("split pre-hook command for %s into %s", fullServiceName, splitCmd)
-
-		preHookExecOpts := types.ExecConfig{
-			AttachStderr: true,
-			AttachStdin:  true,
-			AttachStdout: true,
-			Cmd:          splitCmd,
-			Detach:       false,
-			Tty:          true,
-		}
-
-		if err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &preHookExecOpts); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		logrus.Infof("succesfully ran %s pre-hook command: %s", fullServiceName, rsConfig.preHookCmd)
-	}
-
-	backupReader, err := os.Open(backupPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	content, err := archive.DecompressStream(backupReader)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	// NOTE(d1): we use absolute paths so tar knows what to do. it will restore
-	// files according to the paths set in the compressed archive
-	restorePath := "/"
-
-	copyOpts := types.CopyToContainerOptions{AllowOverwriteDirWithFile: false, CopyUIDGID: false}
-	if err := cl.CopyToContainer(context.Background(), targetContainer.ID, restorePath, content, copyOpts); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	logrus.Infof("restored %s to %s", backupPath, fullServiceName)
-
-	if rsConfig.postHookCmd != "" {
-		splitCmd := internal.SafeSplit(rsConfig.postHookCmd)
-
-		logrus.Debugf("split post-hook command for %s into %s", fullServiceName, splitCmd)
-
-		postHookExecOpts := types.ExecConfig{
-			AttachStderr: true,
-			AttachStdin:  true,
-			AttachStdout: true,
-			Cmd:          splitCmd,
-			Detach:       false,
-			Tty:          true,
-		}
-
-		if err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &postHookExecOpts); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		logrus.Infof("succesfully ran %s post-hook command: %s", fullServiceName, rsConfig.postHookCmd)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}

cli/app/run.go

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ var appRunCommand = cli.Command{
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		if err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &execCreateOpts); err != nil {
+		if _, err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &execCreateOpts); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 

cli/app/secret.go

@@ -20,19 +20,23 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
 
-var allSecrets bool
+var (
-var allSecretsFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	allSecrets     bool
+	allSecretsFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 		Name:        "all, a",
 		Destination: &allSecrets,
 		Usage:       "Generate all secrets",
 	}
+)
 
-var rmAllSecrets bool
+var (
-var rmAllSecretsFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	rmAllSecrets     bool
+	rmAllSecretsFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 		Name:        "all, a",
 		Destination: &rmAllSecrets,
 		Usage:       "Remove all secrets",
 	}
+)
 
 var appSecretGenerateCommand = cli.Command{
 	Name:      "generate",
@@ -87,28 +91,22 @@ var appSecretGenerateCommand = cli.Command{
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		secretsConfig, err := secret.ReadSecretsConfig(app.Path, composeFiles, app.Recipe)
+		secrets, err := secret.ReadSecretsConfig(app.Path, composeFiles, app.StackName())
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		secretsToCreate := make(map[string]string)
+		if !allSecrets {
-		if allSecrets {
-			secretsToCreate = secretsConfig
-		} else {
 			secretName := c.Args().Get(1)
 			secretVersion := c.Args().Get(2)
-			matches := false
+			s, ok := secrets[secretName]
-			for name := range secretsConfig {
+			if !ok {
-				if secretName == name {
-					secretsToCreate[name] = secretVersion
-					matches = true
-				}
-			}
-
-			if !matches {
 				logrus.Fatalf("%s doesn't exist in the env config?", secretName)
 			}
+			s.Version = secretVersion
+			secrets = map[string]secret.Secret{
+				secretName: s,
+			}
 		}
 
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
@@ -116,7 +114,7 @@ var appSecretGenerateCommand = cli.Command{
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		secretVals, err := secret.GenerateSecrets(cl, secretsToCreate, app.StackName(), app.Server)
+		secretVals, err := secret.GenerateSecrets(cl, secrets, app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -276,7 +274,7 @@ Example:
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		secretsConfig, err := secret.ReadSecretsConfig(app.Path, composeFiles, app.Recipe)
+		secrets, err := secret.ReadSecretsConfig(app.Path, composeFiles, app.StackName())
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -311,12 +309,7 @@ Example:
 
 		match := false
 		secretToRm := c.Args().Get(1)
-		for secretName, secretValue := range secretsConfig {
+		for secretName, val := range secrets {
-			val, err := secret.ParseSecretValue(secretValue)
-			if err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-
 			secretRemoteName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s_%s", app.StackName(), secretName, val.Version)
 			if _, ok := remoteSecretNames[secretRemoteName]; ok {
 				if secretToRm != "" {

cli/app/volume.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package app
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"log"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
@@ -131,12 +132,12 @@ Passing "--force/-f" will select all volumes for removal. Be careful.
 		}
 
 		if len(volumesToRemove) > 0 {
-			err = client.RemoveVolumes(cl, context.Background(), app.Server, volumesToRemove, internal.Force)
+			err := client.RemoveVolumes(cl, context.Background(), volumesToRemove, internal.Force, 5)
 			if err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
+				log.Fatalf("removing volumes failed: %s", err)
 			}
 
-			logrus.Info("volumes removed successfully")
+			logrus.Infof("%d volumes removed successfully", len(volumesToRemove))
 		} else {
 			logrus.Info("no volumes removed")
 		}

cli/internal/backup.go

@@ -1,35 +1,67 @@
 package internal
 
 import (
-	"strings"
+	"context"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	containerPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/container"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/service"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/container"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
+	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
-// SafeSplit splits up a string into a list of commands safely.
+// RetrieveBackupBotContainer gets the deployed backupbot container.
-func SafeSplit(s string) []string {
+func RetrieveBackupBotContainer(cl *dockerClient.Client) (types.Container, error) {
-	split := strings.Split(s, " ")
+	ctx := context.Background()
-
+	chosenService, err := service.GetServiceByLabel(ctx, cl, config.BackupbotLabel, NoInput)
-	var result []string
+	if err != nil {
-	var inquote string
+		return types.Container{}, err
-	var block string
-	for _, i := range split {
-		if inquote == "" {
-			if strings.HasPrefix(i, "'") || strings.HasPrefix(i, "\"") {
-				inquote = string(i[0])
-				block = strings.TrimPrefix(i, inquote) + " "
-			} else {
-				result = append(result, i)
-			}
-		} else {
-			if !strings.HasSuffix(i, inquote) {
-				block += i + " "
-			} else {
-				block += strings.TrimSuffix(i, inquote)
-				inquote = ""
-				result = append(result, block)
-				block = ""
-			}
-		}
 	}
 
-	return result
+	logrus.Debugf("retrieved %s as backup enabled service", chosenService.Spec.Name)
+
+	filters := filters.NewArgs()
+	filters.Add("name", chosenService.Spec.Name)
+	targetContainer, err := containerPkg.GetContainer(
+		ctx,
+		cl,
+		filters,
+		NoInput,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return types.Container{}, err
+	}
+
+	return targetContainer, nil
+}
+
+// RunBackupCmdRemote runs a backup related command on a remote backupbot container.
+func RunBackupCmdRemote(cl *dockerClient.Client, backupCmd string, containerID string, execEnv []string) error {
+	execBackupListOpts := types.ExecConfig{
+		AttachStderr: true,
+		AttachStdin:  true,
+		AttachStdout: true,
+		Cmd:          []string{"/usr/bin/backup", "--", backupCmd},
+		Detach:       false,
+		Env:          execEnv,
+		Tty:          true,
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("running backup %s on %s with exec config %v", backupCmd, containerID, execBackupListOpts)
+
+	// FIXME: avoid instantiating a new CLI
+	dcli, err := command.NewDockerCli()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if _, err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, containerID, &execBackupListOpts); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
 }

cli/internal/command.go

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ func RunCmdRemote(cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, abraSh, serviceName,
 		Tty:          false,
 	}
 
-	if err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &execCreateOpts); err != nil {
+	if _, err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &execCreateOpts); err != nil {
 		logrus.Infof("%s does not exist for %s, use /bin/sh as fallback", shell, app.Name)
 		shell = "/bin/sh"
 	}
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ func RunCmdRemote(cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, abraSh, serviceName,
 		execCreateOpts.Tty = false
 	}
 
-	if err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &execCreateOpts); err != nil {
+	if _, err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &execCreateOpts); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 

cli/recipe/fetch.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package recipe
 import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
@@ -17,26 +18,31 @@ var recipeFetchCommand = cli.Command{
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.NoInputFlag,
+		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
 		recipeName := c.Args().First()
-
 		if recipeName != "" {
 			internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
+			if err := recipe.Ensure(recipeName); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			return nil
 		}
 
-		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(recipeName); err != nil {
+		catalogue, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(internal.Offline)
+		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(recipeName); err != nil {
+		catlBar := formatter.CreateProgressbar(len(catalogue), "fetching latest recipes...")
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		for recipeName := range catalogue {
+			if err := recipe.Ensure(recipeName); err != nil {
+				logrus.Error(err)
 			}
-
+			catlBar.Add(1)
-		if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(recipeName); err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
 		return nil

cli/recipe/release.go

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 package recipe
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"os"
 	"path"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
@@ -140,7 +142,7 @@ your SSH keys configured on your account.
 
 // getImageVersions retrieves image versions for a recipe
 func getImageVersions(recipe recipe.Recipe) (map[string]string, error) {
-	var services = make(map[string]string)
+	services := make(map[string]string)
 
 	missingTag := false
 	for _, service := range recipe.Config.Services {
@@ -207,6 +209,10 @@ func createReleaseFromTag(recipe recipe.Recipe, tagString, mainAppVersion string
 		tagString = fmt.Sprintf("%s+%s", tag.String(), mainAppVersion)
 	}
 
+	if err := addReleaseNotes(recipe, tagString); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
 	if err := commitRelease(recipe, tagString); err != nil {
 		logrus.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -237,6 +243,82 @@ func getTagCreateOptions(tag string) (git.CreateTagOptions, error) {
 	return git.CreateTagOptions{Message: msg}, nil
 }
 
+// addReleaseNotes checks if the release/next release note exists and moves the
+// file to release/<tag>.
+func addReleaseNotes(recipe recipe.Recipe, tag string) error {
+	repoPath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipe.Name)
+	tagReleaseNotePath := path.Join(repoPath, "release", tag)
+	if _, err := os.Stat(tagReleaseNotePath); err == nil {
+		// Release note for current tag already exist exists.
+		return nil
+	} else if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	nextReleaseNotePath := path.Join(repoPath, "release", "next")
+	if _, err := os.Stat(nextReleaseNotePath); err == nil {
+		// release/next note exists. Move it to release/<tag>
+		if internal.Dry {
+			logrus.Debugf("dry run: move release note from 'next' to %s", tag)
+			return nil
+		}
+		if !internal.NoInput {
+			prompt := &survey.Input{
+				Message: "Use release note in release/next?",
+			}
+			var addReleaseNote bool
+			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &addReleaseNote); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if !addReleaseNote {
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		err := os.Rename(nextReleaseNotePath, tagReleaseNotePath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		err = gitPkg.Add(repoPath, path.Join("release", "next"), internal.Dry)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		err = gitPkg.Add(repoPath, path.Join("release", tag), internal.Dry)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	} else if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// No release note exists for the current release.
+	if internal.NoInput {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	prompt := &survey.Input{
+		Message: "Release Note (leave empty for no release note)",
+	}
+	var releaseNote string
+	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &releaseNote); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if releaseNote == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	err := os.WriteFile(tagReleaseNotePath, []byte(releaseNote), 0o644)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	err = gitPkg.Add(repoPath, path.Join("release", tag), internal.Dry)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 func commitRelease(recipe recipe.Recipe, tag string) error {
 	if internal.Dry {
 		logrus.Debugf("dry run: no changes committed")
@@ -404,6 +486,10 @@ func createReleaseFromPreviousTag(tagString, mainAppVersion string, recipe recip
 		}
 	}
 
+	if err := addReleaseNotes(recipe, tagString); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
 	if err := commitRelease(recipe, tagString); err != nil {
 		logrus.Fatalf("failed to commit changes: %s", err.Error())
 	}

go.mod

@@ -4,14 +4,15 @@ go 1.21
 
 require (
 	coopcloud.tech/tagcmp v0.0.0-20211103052201-885b22f77d52
+	git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/godotenv v1.5.2-0.20231130100509-01bff8284355
 	github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2 v2.3.7
-	github.com/Autonomic-Cooperative/godotenv v1.3.1-0.20210731094149-b031ea1211e7
 	github.com/Gurpartap/logrus-stack v0.0.0-20170710170904-89c00d8a28f4
 	github.com/docker/cli v24.0.7+incompatible
 	github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.3+incompatible
 	github.com/docker/docker v24.0.7+incompatible
 	github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0
 	github.com/go-git/go-git/v5 v5.10.0
+	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.9
 	github.com/moby/sys/signal v0.7.0
 	github.com/moby/term v0.5.0
 	github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter v0.0.5
@@ -47,7 +48,6 @@ require (
 	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20210331224755-41bb18bfe9da // indirect
 	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.3 // indirect
-	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.9 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/imdario/mergo v0.3.12 // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.0.0 // indirect

go.sum

@@ -51,12 +51,12 @@ coopcloud.tech/tagcmp v0.0.0-20211103052201-885b22f77d52/go.mod h1:ESVm0wQKcbcFi
 dario.cat/mergo v1.0.0 h1:AGCNq9Evsj31mOgNPcLyXc+4PNABt905YmuqPYYpBWk=
 dario.cat/mergo v1.0.0/go.mod h1:uNxQE+84aUszobStD9th8a29P2fMDhsBdgRYvZOxGmk=
 dmitri.shuralyov.com/gpu/mtl v0.0.0-20190408044501-666a987793e9/go.mod h1:H6x//7gZCb22OMCxBHrMx7a5I7Hp++hsVxbQ4BYO7hU=
+git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/godotenv v1.5.2-0.20231130100509-01bff8284355 h1:tCv2B4qoN6RMheKDnCzIafOkWS5BB1h7hwhmo+9bVeE=
+git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/godotenv v1.5.2-0.20231130100509-01bff8284355/go.mod h1:Q8V1zbtPAlzYSr/Dvky3wS6x58IQAl3rot2me1oSO2Q=
 github.com/AdaLogics/go-fuzz-headers v0.0.0-20230106234847-43070de90fa1 h1:EKPd1INOIyr5hWOWhvpmQpY6tKjeG0hT1s3AMC/9fic=
 github.com/AdaLogics/go-fuzz-headers v0.0.0-20230106234847-43070de90fa1/go.mod h1:VzwV+t+dZ9j/H867F1M2ziD+yLHtB46oM35FxxMJ4d0=
 github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2 v2.3.7 h1:6I/u8FvytdGsgonrYsVn2t8t4QiRnh6QSTqkkhIiSjQ=
 github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2 v2.3.7/go.mod h1:xUTIdE4KCOIjsBAE1JYsUPoCqYdZ1reCfTwbto0Fduo=
-github.com/Autonomic-Cooperative/godotenv v1.3.1-0.20210731094149-b031ea1211e7 h1:asQtdXYbxEYWcwAQqJTVYC/RltB4eqoWKvqWg/LFPOg=
-github.com/Autonomic-Cooperative/godotenv v1.3.1-0.20210731094149-b031ea1211e7/go.mod h1:oZRCMMRS318l07ei4DTqbZoOawfJlJ4yyo8juk2v4Rk=
 github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go v16.2.1+incompatible/go.mod h1:9XXNKU+eRnpl9moKnB4QOLf1HestfXbmab5FXxiDBjc=
 github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20170929234023-d6e3b3328b78/go.mod h1:LmzpDX56iTiv29bbRTIsUNlaFfuhWRQBWjQdVyAevI8=
 github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20210617225240-d185dfc1b5a1 h1:UQHMgLO+TxOElx5B5HZ4hJQsoJ/PvUvKRhJHDQXO8P8=

pkg/autocomplete/autocomplete.go

@@ -51,6 +51,20 @@ func RecipeNameComplete(c *cli.Context) {
 	}
 }
 
+// RecipeVersionComplete completes versions for the recipe.
+func RecipeVersionComplete(recipeName string) {
+	catl, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(false)
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Warn(err)
+	}
+
+	for _, v := range catl[recipeName].Versions {
+		for v2 := range v {
+			fmt.Println(v2)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // ServerNameComplete completes server names.
 func ServerNameComplete(c *cli.Context) {
 	files, err := config.LoadAppFiles("")

pkg/client/volumes.go

@@ -2,15 +2,17 @@ package client
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/volume"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 func GetVolumes(cl *client.Client, ctx context.Context, server string, fs filters.Args) ([]*volume.Volume, error) {
-	volumeListOptions := volume.ListOptions{fs}
+	volumeListOKBody, err := cl.VolumeList(ctx, volume.ListOptions{Filters: fs})
-	volumeListOKBody, err := cl.VolumeList(ctx, volumeListOptions)
 	volumeList := volumeListOKBody.Volumes
 	if err != nil {
 		return volumeList, err
@@ -29,13 +31,32 @@ func GetVolumeNames(volumes []*volume.Volume) []string {
 	return volumeNames
 }
 
-func RemoveVolumes(cl *client.Client, ctx context.Context, server string, volumeNames []string, force bool) error {
+func RemoveVolumes(cl *client.Client, ctx context.Context, volumeNames []string, force bool, retries int) error {
 	for _, volName := range volumeNames {
-		err := cl.VolumeRemove(ctx, volName, force)
+		err := retryFunc(5, func() error {
+			return cl.VolumeRemove(context.Background(), volName, force)
+		})
 		if err != nil {
-			return err
+			return fmt.Errorf("volume %s: %s", volName, err)
 		}
 	}
-
 	return nil
 }
+
+// retryFunc retries the given function for the given retries. After the nth
+// retry it waits (n + 1)^2 seconds before the next retry (starting with n=0).
+// It returns an error if the function still failed after the last retry.
+func retryFunc(retries int, fn func() error) error {
+	for i := 0; i < retries; i++ {
+		err := fn()
+		if err == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if i+1 < retries {
+			sleep := time.Duration(i+1) * time.Duration(i+1)
+			logrus.Infof("%s: waiting %d seconds before next retry", err, sleep)
+			time.Sleep(sleep * time.Second)
+		}
+	}
+	return fmt.Errorf("%d retries failed", retries)
+}

pkg/client/volumes_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package client
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestRetryFunc(t *testing.T) {
+	err := retryFunc(1, func() error { return nil })
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("should not return an error: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	i := 0
+	fn := func() error {
+		i++
+		return fmt.Errorf("oh no, something went wrong!")
+	}
+	err = retryFunc(2, fn)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("should return an error")
+	}
+	if i != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("The function should have been called 1 times, got %d", i)
+	}
+}

pkg/compose/compose.go

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func UpdateTag(pattern, image, tag, recipeName string) (bool, error) {
 		opts := stack.Deploy{Composefiles: []string{composeFile}}
 
 		envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipeName, ".env.sample")
-		sampleEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath, config.ReadEnvOptions{})
+		sampleEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
 		if err != nil {
 			return false, err
 		}
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ func UpdateLabel(pattern, serviceName, label, recipeName string) error {
 		opts := stack.Deploy{Composefiles: []string{composeFile}}
 
 		envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipeName, ".env.sample")
-		sampleEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath, config.ReadEnvOptions{})
+		sampleEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}

pkg/config/app.go

@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ import (
 // AppEnv is a map of the values in an apps env config
 type AppEnv = map[string]string
 
+// AppModifiers is a map of modifiers in an apps env config
+type AppModifiers = map[string]map[string]string
+
 // AppName is AppName
 type AppName = string
 
@@ -47,34 +50,61 @@ type App struct {
 	Path   string
 }
 
-// StackName gets whatever the docker safe (uses the right delimiting
+// See documentation of config.StackName
-// character, e.g. "_") stack name is for the app. In general, you don't want
-// to use this to show anything to end-users, you want use a.Name instead.
 func (a App) StackName() string {
 	if _, exists := a.Env["STACK_NAME"]; exists {
 		return a.Env["STACK_NAME"]
 	}
 
-	stackName := SanitiseAppName(a.Name)
+	stackName := StackName(a.Name)
-
-	if len(stackName) > 45 {
-		logrus.Debugf("trimming %s to %s to avoid runtime limits", stackName, stackName[:45])
-		stackName = stackName[:45]
-	}
 
 	a.Env["STACK_NAME"] = stackName
 
 	return stackName
 }
 
-// Filters retrieves exact app filters for querying the container runtime. Due
+// StackName gets whatever the docker safe (uses the right delimiting
-// to upstream issues, filtering works different depending on what you're
+// character, e.g. "_") stack name is for the app. In general, you don't want
+// to use this to show anything to end-users, you want use a.Name instead.
+func StackName(appName string) string {
+	stackName := SanitiseAppName(appName)
+
+	if len(stackName) > 45 {
+		logrus.Debugf("trimming %s to %s to avoid runtime limits", stackName, stackName[:45])
+		stackName = stackName[:45]
+	}
+
+	return stackName
+}
+
+// Filters retrieves app filters for querying the container runtime. By default
+// it filters on all services in the app. It is also possible to pass an
+// otional list of service names, which get filtered instead.
+//
+// Due to upstream issues, filtering works different depending on what you're
 // querying. So, for example, secrets don't work with regex! The caller needs
 // to implement their own validation that the right secrets are matched. In
 // order to handle these cases, we provide the `appendServiceNames` /
 // `exactMatch` modifiers.
-func (a App) Filters(appendServiceNames, exactMatch bool) (filters.Args, error) {
+func (a App) Filters(appendServiceNames, exactMatch bool, services ...string) (filters.Args, error) {
 	filters := filters.NewArgs()
+	if len(services) > 0 {
+		for _, serviceName := range services {
+			filters.Add("name", ServiceFilter(a.StackName(), serviceName, exactMatch))
+		}
+		return filters, nil
+	}
+
+	// When not appending the service name, just add one filter for the whole
+	// stack.
+	if !appendServiceNames {
+		f := fmt.Sprintf("%s", a.StackName())
+		if exactMatch {
+			f = fmt.Sprintf("^%s", f)
+		}
+		filters.Add("name", f)
+		return filters, nil
+	}
 
 	composeFiles, err := GetComposeFiles(a.Recipe, a.Env)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -88,28 +118,23 @@ func (a App) Filters(appendServiceNames, exactMatch bool) (filters.Args, error)
 	}
 
 	for _, service := range compose.Services {
-		var filter string
+		f := ServiceFilter(a.StackName(), service.Name, exactMatch)
-
+		filters.Add("name", f)
-		if appendServiceNames {
-			if exactMatch {
-				filter = fmt.Sprintf("^%s_%s", a.StackName(), service.Name)
-			} else {
-				filter = fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", a.StackName(), service.Name)
-			}
-		} else {
-			if exactMatch {
-				filter = fmt.Sprintf("^%s", a.StackName())
-			} else {
-				filter = fmt.Sprintf("%s", a.StackName())
-			}
-		}
-
-		filters.Add("name", filter)
 	}
 
 	return filters, nil
 }
 
+// ServiceFilter creates a filter string for filtering a service in the docker
+// container runtime. When exact match is true, it uses regex to match the
+// string exactly.
+func ServiceFilter(stack, service string, exact bool) string {
+	if exact {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("^%s_%s", stack, service)
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", stack, service)
+}
+
 // ByServer sort a slice of Apps
 type ByServer []App
 
@@ -150,7 +175,7 @@ func (a ByName) Less(i, j int) bool {
 }
 
 func ReadAppEnvFile(appFile AppFile, name AppName) (App, error) {
-	env, err := ReadEnv(appFile.Path, ReadEnvOptions{})
+	env, err := ReadEnv(appFile.Path)
 	if err != nil {
 		return App{}, fmt.Errorf("env file for %s couldn't be read: %s", name, err.Error())
 	}
@@ -330,7 +355,7 @@ func TemplateAppEnvSample(recipeName, appName, server, domain string) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("%s already exists?", appEnvPath)
 	}
 
-	err = ioutil.WriteFile(appEnvPath, envSample, 0664)
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(appEnvPath, envSample, 0o664)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -592,7 +617,7 @@ func GetLabel(compose *composetypes.Config, stackName string, label string) stri
 
 // GetTimeoutFromLabel reads the timeout value from docker label "coop-cloud.${STACK_NAME}.TIMEOUT" and returns 50 as default value
 func GetTimeoutFromLabel(compose *composetypes.Config, stackName string) (int, error) {
-	var timeout = 50 // Default Timeout
+	timeout := 50 // Default Timeout
 	var err error = nil
 	if timeoutLabel := GetLabel(compose, stackName, "timeout"); timeoutLabel != "" {
 		logrus.Debugf("timeout label: %s", timeoutLabel)

pkg/config/app_test.go

@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 package config_test
 
 import (
+	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"reflect"
 	"testing"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
+	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
 
@@ -106,3 +109,89 @@ func TestGetComposeFilesError(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func TestFilters(t *testing.T) {
+	oldDir := config.RECIPES_DIR
+	config.RECIPES_DIR = "./testdir"
+	defer func() {
+		config.RECIPES_DIR = oldDir
+	}()
+
+	app, err := config.NewApp(config.AppEnv{
+		"DOMAIN": "test.example.com",
+		"RECIPE": "test-recipe",
+	}, "test_example_com", config.AppFile{
+		Path:   "./testdir/filtertest.end",
+		Server: "local",
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	f, err := app.Filters(false, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	compareFilter(t, f, map[string]map[string]bool{
+		"name": {
+			"test_example_com": true,
+		},
+	})
+
+	f2, err := app.Filters(false, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	compareFilter(t, f2, map[string]map[string]bool{
+		"name": {
+			"^test_example_com": true,
+		},
+	})
+
+	f3, err := app.Filters(true, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	compareFilter(t, f3, map[string]map[string]bool{
+		"name": {
+			"test_example_com_bar": true,
+			"test_example_com_foo": true,
+		},
+	})
+
+	f4, err := app.Filters(true, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	compareFilter(t, f4, map[string]map[string]bool{
+		"name": {
+			"^test_example_com_bar": true,
+			"^test_example_com_foo": true,
+		},
+	})
+
+	f5, err := app.Filters(false, false, "foo")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	compareFilter(t, f5, map[string]map[string]bool{
+		"name": {
+			"test_example_com_foo": true,
+		},
+	})
+}
+
+func compareFilter(t *testing.T, f1 filters.Args, f2 map[string]map[string]bool) {
+	t.Helper()
+	j1, err := f1.MarshalJSON()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	j2, err := json.Marshal(f2)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	if diff := cmp.Diff(string(j2), string(j1)); diff != "" {
+		t.Errorf("filters mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
+	}
+}

pkg/config/env.go

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/Autonomic-Cooperative/godotenv"
+	"git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/godotenv"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ var REPOS_BASE_URL = "https://git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud"
 var CATALOGUE_JSON_REPO_NAME = "recipes-catalogue-json"
 var SSH_URL_TEMPLATE = "ssh://git@git.coopcloud.tech:2222/coop-cloud/%s.git"
 
+var BackupbotLabel = "coop-cloud.backupbot.enabled"
+
 // envVarModifiers is a list of env var modifier strings. These are added to
 // env vars as comments and modify their processing by Abra, e.g. determining
 // how long secrets should be.
@@ -55,45 +57,34 @@ func GetServers() ([]string, error) {
 	return servers, nil
 }
 
-// ReadEnvOptions modifies the ReadEnv processing of env vars.
-type ReadEnvOptions struct {
-	IncludeModifiers bool
-}
-
-// ContainsEnvVarModifier determines if an env var contains a modifier.
-func ContainsEnvVarModifier(envVar string) bool {
-	for _, mod := range envVarModifiers {
-		if strings.Contains(envVar, fmt.Sprintf("%s=", mod)) {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
 // ReadEnv loads an app envivornment into a map.
-func ReadEnv(filePath string, opts ReadEnvOptions) (AppEnv, error) {
+func ReadEnv(filePath string) (AppEnv, error) {
 	var envVars AppEnv
 
-	envVars, err := godotenv.Read(filePath)
+	envVars, _, err := godotenv.Read(filePath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	//	for idx, envVar := range envVars {
-	//		if strings.Contains(envVar, "#") {
-	//			if opts.IncludeModifiers && ContainsEnvVarModifier(envVar) {
-	//				continue
-	//			}
-	//			vals := strings.Split(envVar, "#")
-	//			envVars[idx] = strings.TrimSpace(vals[0])
-	//		}
-	//	}
-
 	logrus.Debugf("read %s from %s", envVars, filePath)
 
 	return envVars, nil
 }
 
+// ReadEnv loads an app envivornment and their modifiers in two different maps.
+func ReadEnvWithModifiers(filePath string) (AppEnv, AppModifiers, error) {
+	var envVars AppEnv
+
+	envVars, mods, err := godotenv.Read(filePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, mods, err
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("read %s from %s", envVars, filePath)
+
+	return envVars, mods, nil
+}
+
 // ReadServerNames retrieves all server names.
 func ReadServerNames() ([]string, error) {
 	serverNames, err := GetAllFoldersInDirectory(SERVERS_DIR)
@@ -227,7 +218,7 @@ func CheckEnv(app App) ([]EnvVar, error) {
 		return envVars, err
 	}
 
-	envSample, err := ReadEnv(envSamplePath, ReadEnvOptions{})
+	envSample, err := ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return envVars, err
 	}

pkg/config/env_test.go

@@ -13,15 +13,21 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
 )
 
-var TestFolder = os.ExpandEnv("$PWD/../../tests/resources/test_folder")
+var (
-var ValidAbraConf = os.ExpandEnv("$PWD/../../tests/resources/valid_abra_config")
+	TestFolder    = os.ExpandEnv("$PWD/../../tests/resources/test_folder")
+	ValidAbraConf = os.ExpandEnv("$PWD/../../tests/resources/valid_abra_config")
+)
 
 // make sure these are in alphabetical order
-var TFolders = []string{"folder1", "folder2"}
+var (
-var TFiles = []string{"bar.env", "foo.env"}
+	TFolders = []string{"folder1", "folder2"}
+	TFiles   = []string{"bar.env", "foo.env"}
+)
 
-var AppName = "ecloud"
+var (
-var ServerName = "evil.corp"
+	AppName    = "ecloud"
+	ServerName = "evil.corp"
+)
 
 var ExpectedAppEnv = config.AppEnv{
 	"DOMAIN": "ecloud.evil.corp",
@@ -71,7 +77,7 @@ func TestGetAllFilesInDirectory(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestReadEnv(t *testing.T) {
-	env, err := config.ReadEnv(ExpectedAppFile.Path, config.ReadEnvOptions{})
+	env, err := config.ReadEnv(ExpectedAppFile.Path)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -149,7 +155,7 @@ func TestCheckEnv(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name, ".env.sample")
-	envSample, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath, config.ReadEnvOptions{})
+	envSample, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -183,7 +189,7 @@ func TestCheckEnvError(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name, ".env.sample")
-	envSample, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath, config.ReadEnvOptions{})
+	envSample, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -211,19 +217,7 @@ func TestCheckEnvError(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestContainsEnvVarModifier(t *testing.T) {
-	if ok := config.ContainsEnvVarModifier("FOO=bar # bing"); ok {
-		t.Fatal("FOO contains no env var modifier")
-	}
-
-	if ok := config.ContainsEnvVarModifier("FOO=bar # length=3"); !ok {
-		t.Fatal("FOO contains an env var modifier (length)")
-	}
-}
-
 func TestEnvVarCommentsRemoved(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Skip("https://git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/organising/issues/535")
-
 	offline := true
 	r, err := recipe.Get("abra-test-recipe", offline)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -231,7 +225,7 @@ func TestEnvVarCommentsRemoved(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name, ".env.sample")
-	envSample, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath, config.ReadEnvOptions{})
+	envSample, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -263,12 +257,19 @@ func TestEnvVarModifiersIncluded(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name, ".env.sample")
-	envSample, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath, config.ReadEnvOptions{IncludeModifiers: true})
+	envSample, modifiers, err := config.ReadEnvWithModifiers(envSamplePath)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	if !strings.Contains(envSample["SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION"], "length") {
+	if !strings.Contains(envSample["SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION"], "v1") {
-		t.Fatal("comment from env var SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION should not be removed")
+		t.Errorf("value should be 'v1', got: '%s'", envSample["SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION"])
+	}
+	if modifiers == nil || modifiers["SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION"] == nil {
+		t.Errorf("no modifiers included")
+	} else {
+		if modifiers["SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION"]["length"] != "10" {
+			t.Errorf("length modifier should be '10', got: '%s'", modifiers["SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION"]["length"])
+		}
 	}
 }

pkg/config/testdir/filtertest.env

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+RECIPE=test-recipe
+DOMAIN=test.example.com

pkg/config/testdir/test-recipe/compose.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+version: "3.8"
+services:
+  foo:
+    image: debian
+  bar:
+    image: debian

pkg/container/container.go

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ func GetContainer(c context.Context, cl *client.Client, filters filters.Args, no
 		return types.Container{}, fmt.Errorf("no containers matching the %v filter found?", filter)
 	}
 
-	if len(containers) != 1 {
+	if len(containers) > 1 {
 		var containersRaw []string
 		for _, container := range containers {
 			containerName := strings.Join(container.Names, " ")
@@ -68,3 +68,15 @@ func GetContainer(c context.Context, cl *client.Client, filters filters.Args, no
 
 	return containers[0], nil
 }
+
+// GetContainerFromStackAndService retrieves the container for the given stack and service.
+func GetContainerFromStackAndService(cl *client.Client, stack, service string) (types.Container, error) {
+	filters := filters.NewArgs()
+	filters.Add("name", fmt.Sprintf("^%s_%s", stack, service))
+
+	container, err := GetContainer(context.Background(), cl, filters, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		return types.Container{}, err
+	}
+	return container, nil
+}

pkg/git/add.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package git
+
+import (
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// Add adds a file to the git index.
+func Add(repoPath, path string, dryRun bool) error {
+	repo, err := git.PlainOpen(repoPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	worktree, err := repo.Worktree()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if dryRun {
+		logrus.Debugf("dry run: adding %s", path)
+	} else {
+		worktree.Add(path)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

pkg/lint/recipe.go

@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ func LintAppService(recipe recipe.Recipe) (bool, error) {
 // therefore no matching traefik deploy label will be present.
 func LintTraefikEnabledSkipCondition(recipe recipe.Recipe) (bool, error) {
 	envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipe.Name, ".env.sample")
-	sampleEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath, config.ReadEnvOptions{})
+	sampleEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return false, fmt.Errorf("Unable to discover .env.sample for %s", recipe.Name)
 	}

pkg/recipe/recipe.go

@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ func Get(recipeName string, offline bool) (Recipe, error) {
 	}
 
 	envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipeName, ".env.sample")
-	sampleEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath, config.ReadEnvOptions{})
+	sampleEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return Recipe{}, err
 	}
@@ -255,15 +255,29 @@ func Get(recipeName string, offline bool) (Recipe, error) {
 	}, nil
 }
 
-func (r Recipe) SampleEnv(opts config.ReadEnvOptions) (map[string]string, error) {
+func (r Recipe) SampleEnv() (map[string]string, error) {
 	envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name, ".env.sample")
-	sampleEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath, opts)
+	sampleEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return sampleEnv, fmt.Errorf("unable to discover .env.sample for %s", r.Name)
 	}
 	return sampleEnv, nil
 }
 
+// Ensure makes sure the recipe exists, is up to date and has the latest version checked out.
+func Ensure(recipeName string) error {
+	if err := EnsureExists(recipeName); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := EnsureUpToDate(recipeName); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := EnsureLatest(recipeName); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // EnsureExists ensures that a recipe is locally cloned
 func EnsureExists(recipeName string) error {
 	recipeDir := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipeName)

pkg/secret/secret.go

@@ -21,11 +21,24 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
-// secretValue represents a parsed `SECRET_FOO=v1 # length=bar` env var config
+// Secret represents a secret.
-// secret definition.
+type Secret struct {
-type secretValue struct {
+	// Version comes from the secret version environment variable.
+	// For example:
+	//  SECRET_FOO=v1
 	Version string
+	// Length comes from the length modifier at the secret version environment
+	// variable. For Example:
+	//   SECRET_FOO=v1 # length=12
 	Length int
+	// RemoteName is the name of the secret on the server. For example:
+	//   name: ${STACK_NAME}_test_pass_two_${SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION}
+	// With the following:
+	//   STACK_NAME=test_example_com
+	//   SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION=v2
+	// Will have this remote name:
+	//   test_example_com_test_pass_two_v2
+	RemoteName string
 }
 
 // GeneratePasswords generates passwords.
@@ -35,7 +48,6 @@ func GeneratePasswords(count, length uint) ([]string, error) {
 		length,
 		passgen.AlphabetDefault,
 	)
-
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -54,7 +66,6 @@ func GeneratePassphrases(count uint) ([]string, error) {
 		passgen.PassphraseCasingDefault,
 		passgen.WordListDefault,
 	)
-
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -69,18 +80,23 @@ func GeneratePassphrases(count uint) ([]string, error) {
 // and some times you don't (as the caller). We need to be able to handle the
 // "app new" case where we pass in the .env.sample and the "secret generate"
 // case where the app is created.
-func ReadSecretsConfig(appEnvPath string, composeFiles []string, recipeName string) (map[string]string, error) {
+func ReadSecretsConfig(appEnvPath string, composeFiles []string, stackName string) (map[string]Secret, error) {
-	secretConfigs := make(map[string]string)
+	appEnv, appModifiers, err := config.ReadEnvWithModifiers(appEnvPath)
-
-	appEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(appEnvPath, config.ReadEnvOptions{IncludeModifiers: true})
 	if err != nil {
-		return secretConfigs, err
+		return nil, err
 	}
+	// Set the STACK_NAME to be able to generate the remote name correctly.
+	appEnv["STACK_NAME"] = stackName
 
 	opts := stack.Deploy{Composefiles: composeFiles}
 	config, err := loader.LoadComposefile(opts, appEnv)
 	if err != nil {
-		return secretConfigs, err
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	// Read the compose files without injecting environment variables.
+	configWithoutEnv, err := loader.LoadComposefile(opts, map[string]string{}, loader.SkipInterpolation)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}
 
 	var enabledSecrets []string
@@ -92,12 +108,13 @@ func ReadSecretsConfig(appEnvPath string, composeFiles []string, recipeName stri
 
 	if len(enabledSecrets) == 0 {
 		logrus.Debugf("not generating app secrets, none enabled in recipe config")
-		return secretConfigs, nil
+		return nil, nil
 	}
 
+	secretValues := map[string]Secret{}
 	for secretId, secretConfig := range config.Secrets {
 		if string(secretConfig.Name[len(secretConfig.Name)-1]) == "_" {
-			return secretConfigs, fmt.Errorf("missing version for secret? (%s)", secretId)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("missing version for secret? (%s)", secretId)
 		}
 
 		if !(slices.Contains(enabledSecrets, secretId)) {
@@ -107,68 +124,58 @@ func ReadSecretsConfig(appEnvPath string, composeFiles []string, recipeName stri
 
 		lastIdx := strings.LastIndex(secretConfig.Name, "_")
 		secretVersion := secretConfig.Name[lastIdx+1:]
-		secretConfigs[secretId] = secretVersion
+		value := Secret{Version: secretVersion, RemoteName: secretConfig.Name}
-	}
 
-	return secretConfigs, nil
+		// Check if the length modifier is set for this secret.
+		for envName, modifierValues := range appModifiers {
+			// configWithoutEnv contains the raw name as defined in the compose.yaml
+			// The name will look something like this:
+			//   name: ${STACK_NAME}_test_pass_two_${SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION}
+			// To check if the current modifier is for the current secret we check
+			// if the raw name contains the env name (e.g. SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION).
+			if !strings.Contains(configWithoutEnv.Secrets[secretId].Name, envName) {
+				continue
 			}
-
+			lengthRaw, ok := modifierValues["length"]
-func ParseSecretValue(secret string) (secretValue, error) {
+			if ok {
-	values := strings.Split(secret, "#")
+				length, err := strconv.Atoi(lengthRaw)
-	if len(values) == 0 {
-		return secretValue{}, fmt.Errorf("unable to parse %s", secret)
-	}
-
-	if len(values) == 1 {
-		return secretValue{Version: values[0], Length: 0}, nil
-	}
-
-	split := strings.Split(values[1], "=")
-	parsed := split[len(split)-1]
-	stripped := strings.ReplaceAll(parsed, " ", "")
-	length, err := strconv.Atoi(stripped)
 				if err != nil {
-		return secretValue{}, err
+					return nil, err
+				}
+				value.Length = length
+			}
+			break
+		}
+		secretValues[secretId] = value
 	}
-	version := strings.ReplaceAll(values[0], " ", "")
 
-	logrus.Debugf("parsed version %s and length '%v' from %s", version, length, secret)
+	return secretValues, nil
-
-	return secretValue{Version: version, Length: length}, nil
 }
 
 // GenerateSecrets generates secrets locally and sends them to a remote server for storage.
-func GenerateSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, secretsFromConfig map[string]string, appName, server string) (map[string]string, error) {
+func GenerateSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, secrets map[string]Secret, server string) (map[string]string, error) {
-	secrets := make(map[string]string)
+	secretsGenerated := map[string]string{}
-
 	var mutex sync.Mutex
 	var wg sync.WaitGroup
-	ch := make(chan error, len(secretsFromConfig))
+	ch := make(chan error, len(secrets))
-	for n, v := range secretsFromConfig {
+	for n, v := range secrets {
 		wg.Add(1)
 
-		go func(secretName, secretValue string) {
+		go func(secretName string, secret Secret) {
 			defer wg.Done()
 
-			parsedSecretValue, err := ParseSecretValue(secretValue)
+			logrus.Debugf("attempting to generate and store %s on %s", secret.RemoteName, server)
+
+			if secret.Length > 0 {
+				passwords, err := GeneratePasswords(1, uint(secret.Length))
 				if err != nil {
 					ch <- err
 					return
 				}
 
-			secretRemoteName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s_%s", appName, secretName, parsedSecretValue.Version)
+				if err := client.StoreSecret(cl, secret.RemoteName, passwords[0], server); err != nil {
-			logrus.Debugf("attempting to generate and store %s on %s", secretRemoteName, server)
-
-			if parsedSecretValue.Length > 0 {
-				passwords, err := GeneratePasswords(1, uint(parsedSecretValue.Length))
-				if err != nil {
-					ch <- err
-					return
-				}
-
-				if err := client.StoreSecret(cl, secretRemoteName, passwords[0], server); err != nil {
 					if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "AlreadyExists") {
-						logrus.Warnf("%s already exists, moving on...", secretRemoteName)
+						logrus.Warnf("%s already exists, moving on...", secret.RemoteName)
 						ch <- nil
 					} else {
 						ch <- err
@@ -178,7 +185,7 @@ func GenerateSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, secretsFromConfig map[string]strin
 
 				mutex.Lock()
 				defer mutex.Unlock()
-				secrets[secretName] = passwords[0]
+				secretsGenerated[secretName] = passwords[0]
 			} else {
 				passphrases, err := GeneratePassphrases(1)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -186,9 +193,9 @@ func GenerateSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, secretsFromConfig map[string]strin
 					return
 				}
 
-				if err := client.StoreSecret(cl, secretRemoteName, passphrases[0], server); err != nil {
+				if err := client.StoreSecret(cl, secret.RemoteName, passphrases[0], server); err != nil {
 					if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "AlreadyExists") {
-						logrus.Warnf("%s already exists, moving on...", secretRemoteName)
+						logrus.Warnf("%s already exists, moving on...", secret.RemoteName)
 						ch <- nil
 					} else {
 						ch <- err
@@ -198,7 +205,7 @@ func GenerateSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, secretsFromConfig map[string]strin
 
 				mutex.Lock()
 				defer mutex.Unlock()
-				secrets[secretName] = passphrases[0]
+				secretsGenerated[secretName] = passphrases[0]
 			}
 			ch <- nil
 		}(n, v)
@@ -206,16 +213,16 @@ func GenerateSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, secretsFromConfig map[string]strin
 
 	wg.Wait()
 
-	for range secretsFromConfig {
+	for range secrets {
 		err := <-ch
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
 
-	logrus.Debugf("generated and stored %s on %s", secrets, server)
+	logrus.Debugf("generated and stored %v on %s", secrets, server)
 
-	return secrets, nil
+	return secretsGenerated, nil
 }
 
 type secretStatus struct {
@@ -237,7 +244,7 @@ func PollSecretsStatus(cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App) (secretStatuses,
 		return secStats, err
 	}
 
-	secretsConfig, err := ReadSecretsConfig(app.Path, composeFiles, app.Recipe)
+	secretsConfig, err := ReadSecretsConfig(app.Path, composeFiles, app.StackName())
 	if err != nil {
 		return secStats, err
 	}
@@ -257,14 +264,9 @@ func PollSecretsStatus(cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App) (secretStatuses,
 		remoteSecretNames[cont.Spec.Annotations.Name] = true
 	}
 
-	for secretName, secretValue := range secretsConfig {
+	for secretName, val := range secretsConfig {
 		createdRemote := false
 
-		val, err := ParseSecretValue(secretValue)
-		if err != nil {
-			return secStats, err
-		}
-
 		secretRemoteName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s_%s", app.StackName(), secretName, val.Version)
 		if _, ok := remoteSecretNames[secretRemoteName]; ok {
 			createdRemote = true

pkg/secret/secret_test.go

@@ -1,42 +1,30 @@
 package secret
 
 import (
-	"path"
 	"testing"
 
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
-	loader "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
 
 func TestReadSecretsConfig(t *testing.T) {
-	offline := true
+	composeFiles := []string{"./testdir/compose.yaml"}
-	recipe, err := recipe.Get("matrix-synapse", offline)
+	secretsFromConfig, err := ReadSecretsConfig("./testdir/.env.sample", composeFiles, "test_example_com")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	sampleEnv, err := recipe.SampleEnv(config.ReadEnvOptions{})
+	// Simple secret
-	if err != nil {
+	assert.Equal(t, "test_example_com_test_pass_one_v2", secretsFromConfig["test_pass_one"].RemoteName)
-		t.Fatal(err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "v2", secretsFromConfig["test_pass_one"].Version)
-	}
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, secretsFromConfig["test_pass_one"].Length)
 
-	composeFiles := []string{path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipe.Name, "compose.yml")}
+	// Has a length modifier
-	envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipe.Name, ".env.sample")
+	assert.Equal(t, "test_example_com_test_pass_two_v1", secretsFromConfig["test_pass_two"].RemoteName)
-	secretsFromConfig, err := ReadSecretsConfig(envSamplePath, composeFiles, recipe.Name)
+	assert.Equal(t, "v1", secretsFromConfig["test_pass_two"].Version)
-	if err != nil {
+	assert.Equal(t, 10, secretsFromConfig["test_pass_two"].Length)
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
 
-	opts := stack.Deploy{Composefiles: composeFiles}
+	// Secret name does not include the secret id
-	config, err := loader.LoadComposefile(opts, sampleEnv)
+	assert.Equal(t, "test_example_com_pass_three_v2", secretsFromConfig["test_pass_three"].RemoteName)
-	if err != nil {
+	assert.Equal(t, "v2", secretsFromConfig["test_pass_three"].Version)
-		t.Fatal(err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, secretsFromConfig["test_pass_three"].Length)
-	}
-
-	for secretId := range config.Secrets {
-		assert.Contains(t, secretsFromConfig, secretId)
-	}
 }

pkg/secret/testdir/.env.sample

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+SECRET_TEST_PASS_ONE_VERSION=v2
+SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION=v1 # length=10
+SECRET_TEST_PASS_THREE_VERSION=v2

pkg/secret/testdir/compose.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+---
+version: "3.8"
+
+services:
+  app:
+    image: nginx:1.21.0
+    secrets:
+      - test_pass_one
+      - test_pass_two
+      - test_pass_three
+
+secrets:
+  test_pass_one:
+    external: true
+    name: ${STACK_NAME}_test_pass_one_${SECRET_TEST_PASS_ONE_VERSION}  # should be removed
+  test_pass_two:
+    external: true
+    name: ${STACK_NAME}_test_pass_two_${SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION}
+  test_pass_three:
+    external: true
+    name: ${STACK_NAME}_pass_three_${SECRET_TEST_PASS_THREE_VERSION} # secretId and name don't match

pkg/service/service.go

@@ -14,6 +14,70 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
+// GetService retrieves a service container based on a label. If prompt is true
+// and the retrievd count of service containers does not match 1, then a prompt
+// is presented to let the user choose. An error is returned when no service is
+// found.
+func GetServiceByLabel(c context.Context, cl *client.Client, label string, prompt bool) (swarm.Service, error) {
+	services, err := cl.ServiceList(c, types.ServiceListOptions{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return swarm.Service{}, err
+	}
+
+	if len(services) == 0 {
+		return swarm.Service{}, fmt.Errorf("no services deployed?")
+	}
+
+	var matchingServices []swarm.Service
+	for _, service := range services {
+		if enabled, exists := service.Spec.Labels[label]; exists && enabled == "true" {
+			matchingServices = append(matchingServices, service)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(matchingServices) == 0 {
+		return swarm.Service{}, fmt.Errorf("no services deployed matching label '%s'?", label)
+	}
+
+	if len(matchingServices) > 1 {
+		var servicesRaw []string
+		for _, service := range matchingServices {
+			serviceName := service.Spec.Name
+			created := formatter.HumanDuration(service.CreatedAt.Unix())
+			servicesRaw = append(servicesRaw, fmt.Sprintf("%s (created %v)", serviceName, created))
+		}
+
+		if !prompt {
+			err := fmt.Errorf("expected 1 service but found %v: %s", len(matchingServices), strings.Join(servicesRaw, " "))
+			return swarm.Service{}, err
+		}
+
+		logrus.Warnf("ambiguous service list received, prompting for input")
+
+		var response string
+		prompt := &survey.Select{
+			Message: "which service are you looking for?",
+			Options: servicesRaw,
+		}
+
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
+			return swarm.Service{}, err
+		}
+
+		chosenService := strings.TrimSpace(strings.Split(response, " ")[0])
+		for _, service := range matchingServices {
+			serviceName := strings.ToLower(service.Spec.Name)
+			if serviceName == chosenService {
+				return service, nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		logrus.Panic("failed to match chosen service")
+	}
+
+	return matchingServices[0], nil
+}
+
 // GetService retrieves a service container. If prompt is true and the retrievd
 // count of service containers does not match 1, then a prompt is presented to
 // let the user choose. A count of 0 is handled gracefully.

pkg/upstream/commandconn/connection.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import (
 //
 // ssh://<user>@<host> URL requires Docker 18.09 or later on the remote host.
 func GetConnectionHelper(daemonURL string) (*connhelper.ConnectionHelper, error) {
-	return getConnectionHelper(daemonURL, []string{"-o ConnectTimeout=5"})
+	return getConnectionHelper(daemonURL, []string{"-o ConnectTimeout=60"})
 }
 
 func getConnectionHelper(daemonURL string, sshFlags []string) (*connhelper.ConnectionHelper, error) {

pkg/upstream/container/exec.go

@@ -13,7 +13,10 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
-func RunExec(dockerCli command.Cli, client *apiclient.Client, containerID string, execConfig *types.ExecConfig) error {
+// RunExec runs a command on a remote container. io.Writer corresponds to the
+// command output.
+func RunExec(dockerCli command.Cli, client *apiclient.Client, containerID string,
+	execConfig *types.ExecConfig) (io.Writer, error) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 
 	// We need to check the tty _before_ we do the ContainerExecCreate, because
@@ -21,22 +24,22 @@ func RunExec(dockerCli command.Cli, client *apiclient.Client, containerID string
 	// there's no easy way to clean those up). But also in order to make "not
 	// exist" errors take precedence we do a dummy inspect first.
 	if _, err := client.ContainerInspect(ctx, containerID); err != nil {
-		return err
+		return nil, err
 	}
 	if !execConfig.Detach {
 		if err := dockerCli.In().CheckTty(execConfig.AttachStdin, execConfig.Tty); err != nil {
-			return err
+			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
 
 	response, err := client.ContainerExecCreate(ctx, containerID, *execConfig)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return nil, err
 	}
 
 	execID := response.ID
 	if execID == "" {
-		return errors.New("exec ID empty")
+		return nil, errors.New("exec ID empty")
 	}
 
 	if execConfig.Detach {
@@ -44,13 +47,13 @@ func RunExec(dockerCli command.Cli, client *apiclient.Client, containerID string
 			Detach: execConfig.Detach,
 			Tty:    execConfig.Tty,
 		}
-		return client.ContainerExecStart(ctx, execID, execStartCheck)
+		return nil, client.ContainerExecStart(ctx, execID, execStartCheck)
 	}
 	return interactiveExec(ctx, dockerCli, client, execConfig, execID)
 }
 
 func interactiveExec(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, client *apiclient.Client,
-	execConfig *types.ExecConfig, execID string) error {
+	execConfig *types.ExecConfig, execID string) (io.Writer, error) {
 	// Interactive exec requested.
 	var (
 		out, stderr io.Writer
@@ -76,7 +79,7 @@ func interactiveExec(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, client *apiclie
 	}
 	resp, err := client.ContainerExecAttach(ctx, execID, execStartCheck)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return out, err
 	}
 	defer resp.Close()
 
@@ -107,10 +110,10 @@ func interactiveExec(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, client *apiclie
 
 	if err := <-errCh; err != nil {
 		logrus.Debugf("Error hijack: %s", err)
-		return err
+		return out, err
 	}
 
-	return getExecExitStatus(ctx, client, execID)
+	return out, getExecExitStatus(ctx, client, execID)
 }
 
 func getExecExitStatus(ctx context.Context, client apiclient.ContainerAPIClient, execID string) error {

pkg/upstream/stack/loader.go

@@ -18,15 +18,24 @@ func DontSkipValidation(opts *loader.Options) {
 	opts.SkipValidation = false
 }
 
+// SkipInterpolation skip interpolating environment variables.
+func SkipInterpolation(opts *loader.Options) {
+	opts.SkipInterpolation = true
+}
+
 // LoadComposefile parse the composefile specified in the cli and returns its Config and version.
-func LoadComposefile(opts Deploy, appEnv map[string]string) (*composetypes.Config, error) {
+func LoadComposefile(opts Deploy, appEnv map[string]string, options ...func(*loader.Options)) (*composetypes.Config, error) {
 	configDetails, err := getConfigDetails(opts.Composefiles, appEnv)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	if options == nil {
+		options = []func(*loader.Options){DontSkipValidation}
+	}
+
 	dicts := getDictsFrom(configDetails.ConfigFiles)
-	config, err := loader.Load(configDetails, DontSkipValidation)
+	config, err := loader.Load(configDetails, options...)
 	if err != nil {
 		if fpe, ok := err.(*loader.ForbiddenPropertiesError); ok {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("compose file contains unsupported options: %s",

scripts/installer/installer

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 ABRA_VERSION="0.8.1-beta"
 ABRA_RELEASE_URL="https://git.coopcloud.tech/api/v1/repos/coop-cloud/abra/releases/tags/$ABRA_VERSION"
-RC_VERSION="0.8.1-beta"
+RC_VERSION="0.8.0-rc1-beta"
 RC_VERSION_URL="https://git.coopcloud.tech/api/v1/repos/coop-cloud/abra/releases/tags/$RC_VERSION"
 
 for arg in "$@"; do
@@ -65,17 +65,19 @@ function install_abra_release {
 
   checksums=$(wget -q -O- $checksums_url)
   checksum=$(echo "$checksums" | grep "$FILENAME" - | sed -En 's/([0-9a-f]{64})\s+'"$FILENAME"'.*/\1/p')
+  abra_download="/tmp/abra-download"
 
   echo "downloading $ABRA_VERSION $PLATFORM binary release for abra..."
-  wget -q "$release_url" -O "$HOME/.local/bin/.abra-download"
+
-  localsum=$(sha256sum $HOME/.local/bin/.abra-download | sed -En 's/([0-9a-f]{64})\s+.*/\1/p')
+  wget -q "$release_url" -O $abra_download 
+  localsum=$(sha256sum $abra_download | sed -En 's/([0-9a-f]{64})\s+.*/\1/p')
   echo "checking if checksums match..."
   if [[ "$localsum" != "$checksum" ]]; then
       print_checksum_error
       exit 1
   fi
   echo "$(tput setaf 2)check successful!$(tput sgr0)"
-  mv "$HOME/.local/bin/.abra-download" "$HOME/.local/bin/abra"
+  mv "$abra_download" "$HOME/.local/bin/abra"
   chmod +x "$HOME/.local/bin/abra"
 
   x=$(echo $PATH | grep $HOME/.local/bin)

tests/integration/app_check.bats

@@ -70,13 +70,13 @@ setup(){
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   run $ABRA app check "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN"
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  refute_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   _reset_recipe
 }
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ setup(){
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 1'
+  assert_output --partial "Your branch is behind 'origin/main' by 1 commit"
 
   # NOTE(d1): we can't quite tell if this will fail or not in the future, so,
   # since it isn't an important part of what we're testing here, we don't check
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ setup(){
   run $ABRA app check "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" --offline
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 1'
+  assert_output --partial "Your branch is behind 'origin/main' by 1 commit"
 
   _reset_recipe
 }

tests/integration/app_cmd.bats

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ test_cmd_export"
   assert_success
   assert_not_exists "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE"
 
-  run $ABRA app cmd "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd --local
+  run $ABRA app cmd --local "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd
   assert_success
   assert_output --partial 'baz'
 
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ test_cmd_export"
   assert_success
   assert_exists "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE/foo"
 
-  run $ABRA app cmd "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd --local
+  run $ABRA app cmd --local "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd
   assert_failure
   assert_output --partial 'locally unstaged changes'
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ test_cmd_export"
   assert_success
   assert_exists "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE/foo"
 
-  run $ABRA app cmd "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd --local --chaos
+  run $ABRA app cmd --local --chaos "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd
   assert_success
   assert_output --partial 'baz'
 
@@ -96,14 +96,14 @@ test_cmd_export"
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
-  run $ABRA app cmd "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd --local
+  run $ABRA app cmd --local "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd
   assert_success
   assert_output --partial 'baz'
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  refute_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --partial "up to date"
 
   _reset_recipe "$TEST_RECIPE"
 }
@@ -113,14 +113,14 @@ test_cmd_export"
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
-  run $ABRA app cmd "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd --local --offline
+  run $ABRA app cmd --local --offline "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd
   assert_success
   assert_output --partial 'baz'
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   _reset_recipe "$TEST_RECIPE"
 }
@@ -132,13 +132,13 @@ test_cmd_export"
 }
 
 @test "error if missing arguments when passing --local" {
-  run $ABRA app cmd "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" --local
+  run $ABRA app cmd --local "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN"
   assert_failure
   assert_output --partial 'missing arguments'
 }
 
 @test "cannot use --local and --user at same time" {
-  run $ABRA app cmd "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd --local --user root
+  run $ABRA app cmd --local --user root "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd
   assert_failure
   assert_output --partial 'cannot use --local & --user together'
 }
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ test_cmd_export"
   run rm -rf "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE/abra.sh"
   assert_success
 
-  run $ABRA app cmd "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd --local --chaos
+  run $ABRA app cmd --local --chaos "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd
   assert_failure
   assert_output --partial "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE/abra.sh does not exist"
 
@@ -155,25 +155,25 @@ test_cmd_export"
 }
 
 @test "error if missing command" {
-  run $ABRA app cmd "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" doesnt_exist --local
+  run $ABRA app cmd --local "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" doesnt_exist
   assert_failure
   assert_output --partial "doesn't have a doesnt_exist function"
 }
 
 @test "run --local command" {
-  run $ABRA app cmd "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd --local
+  run $ABRA app cmd --local "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd
   assert_success
   assert_output --partial 'baz'
 }
 
 @test "run command with single arg" {
-  run $ABRA app cmd "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd_arg --local -- bing
+  run $ABRA app cmd --local "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd_arg -- bing
   assert_success
   assert_output --partial 'bing'
 }
 
 @test "run command with several args" {
-  run $ABRA app cmd "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd_args --local -- bong bang
+  run $ABRA app cmd --local "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" test_cmd_args -- bong bang
   assert_success
   assert_output --partial 'bong bang'
 }

tests/integration/app_cp.bats

@@ -5,9 +5,11 @@ setup_file(){
   _common_setup
   _add_server
   _new_app
+  _deploy_app
 }
 
 teardown_file(){
+  _undeploy_app
   _rm_app
   _rm_server
 }
@@ -17,13 +19,6 @@ setup(){
   _common_setup
 }
 
-teardown(){
-  # https://github.com/bats-core/bats-core/issues/383#issuecomment-738628888
-  if [[ -z "${BATS_TEST_COMPLETED}" ]]; then
-    _undeploy_app
-  fi
-}
-
 @test "validate app argument" {
   run $ABRA app cp
   assert_failure
@@ -54,68 +49,120 @@ teardown(){
   assert_output --partial 'arguments must take $SERVICE:$PATH form'
 }
 
-@test "detect 'coming FROM' syntax" {
-  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app:/myfile.txt . --debug
-  assert_failure
-  assert_output --partial 'coming FROM the container'
-}
-
-@test "detect 'going TO' syntax" {
-  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" myfile.txt app:/somewhere --debug
-  assert_failure
-  assert_output --partial 'going TO the container'
-}
-
 @test "error if local file missing" {
-  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" myfile.txt app:/somewhere
+  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" thisfileshouldnotexist.txt app:/somewhere
   assert_failure
-  assert_output --partial 'myfile.txt does not exist locally?'
+  assert_output --partial 'local stat thisfileshouldnotexist.txt: no such file or directory'
 }
 
 # bats test_tags=slow
 @test "error if service doesn't exist" {
-  _deploy_app
+  _mkfile "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt" "foo"
 
-  run bash -c "echo foo >> $BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
+  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt" doesnt_exist:/ --debug
-  assert_success
-
-  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt" doesnt_exist:/
   assert_failure
   assert_output --partial 'no containers matching'
 
-  run rm -rf "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
+  _rm "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
-  assert_success
-
-  _undeploy_app
 }
 
 # bats test_tags=slow
-@test "copy to container" {
+@test "copy local file to container directory" {
-  _deploy_app
+  _mkfile "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt" "foo"
-
-  run bash -c "echo foo >> $BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
-  assert_success
 
   run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt" app:/etc
   assert_success
 
-  run rm -rf "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
+  run $ABRA app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app cat /etc/myfile.txt
   assert_success
+  assert_output --partial "foo"
 
-  _undeploy_app
+  _rm "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
+  _rm_remote "/etc/myfile.txt"
 }
 
 # bats test_tags=slow
-@test "copy from container" {
+@test "copy local file to container file (and override on remote)" {
-  _deploy_app
+  _mkfile "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt" "foo"
 
-  run bash -c "echo foo >> $BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
+  # create
+  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt" app:/etc/myfile.txt
   assert_success
 
-  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt" app:/etc
+  run $ABRA app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app cat /etc/myfile.txt
+  assert_success
+  assert_output --partial "foo"
+
+  _mkfile "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt" "bar"
+
+  # override
+  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt" app:/etc/myfile.txt
   assert_success
 
-  run rm -rf "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
+  run $ABRA app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app cat /etc/myfile.txt
+  assert_success
+  assert_output --partial "bar"
+
+  _rm "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
+  _rm_remote "/etc/myfile.txt"
+}
+
+# bats test_tags=slow
+@test "copy local file to container file (and rename)" {
+  _mkfile "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt" "foo"
+
+  # rename
+  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt" app:/etc/myfile2.txt
+  assert_success
+
+  run $ABRA app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app cat /etc/myfile2.txt
+  assert_success
+  assert_output --partial "foo"
+
+  _rm "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
+  _rm_remote "/etc/myfile2.txt"
+}
+
+# bats test_tags=slow
+@test "copy local directory to container directory (and creates missing directory)" {
+  _mkdir "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir"
+  _mkfile "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir/myfile.txt" "foo"
+
+  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir" app:/etc
+  assert_success
+
+  run $ABRA app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app ls /etc/mydir
+  assert_success
+  assert_output --partial "myfile.txt"
+
+  _rm "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir"
+  _rm_remote "/etc/mydir"
+}
+
+# bats test_tags=slow
+@test "copy local files to container directory" {
+  _mkdir "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir"
+  _mkfile "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir/myfile.txt" "foo"
+  _mkfile "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir/myfile2.txt" "foo"
+
+  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir/" app:/etc
+  assert_success
+
+  run $ABRA app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app ls /etc/myfile.txt
+  assert_success
+  assert_output --partial "myfile.txt"
+
+  run $ABRA app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app ls /etc/myfile2.txt
+  assert_success
+  assert_output --partial "myfile2.txt"
+
+  _rm "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir"
+  _rm_remote "/etc/myfile*"
+}
+
+# bats test_tags=slow
+@test "copy container file to local directory" {
+  run $ABRA app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app bash -c "echo foo > /etc/myfile.txt"
   assert_success
 
   run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app:/etc/myfile.txt "$BATS_TMPDIR"
@@ -123,8 +170,76 @@ teardown(){
   assert_exists "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
   assert bash -c "cat $BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt | grep -q foo"
 
-  run rm -rf "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
+  _rm "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
+  _rm_remote "/etc/myfile.txt"
+}
+
+# bats test_tags=slow
+@test "copy container file to local file" {
+  run $ABRA app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app bash -c "echo foo > /etc/myfile.txt"
   assert_success
 
-  _undeploy_app
+  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app:/etc/myfile.txt "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
+  assert_success
+  assert_exists "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
+  assert bash -c "cat $BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt | grep -q foo"
+
+  _rm "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile.txt"
+  _rm_remote "/etc/myfile.txt"
+}
+
+# bats test_tags=slow
+@test "copy container file to local file and rename" {
+  run $ABRA app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app bash -c "echo foo > /etc/myfile.txt"
+  assert_success
+
+  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app:/etc/myfile.txt "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile2.txt"
+  assert_success
+  assert_exists "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile2.txt"
+  assert bash -c "cat $BATS_TMPDIR/myfile2.txt | grep -q foo"
+
+  _rm "$BATS_TMPDIR/myfile2.txt"
+  _rm_remote "/etc/myfile.txt"
+}
+
+# bats test_tags=slow
+@test "copy container directory to local directory" {
+  run $ABRA app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app bash -c "echo foo > /etc/myfile.txt"
+  assert_success
+
+  run $ABRA app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app bash -c "echo bar > /etc/myfile2.txt"
+  assert_success
+
+  mkdir "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir"
+
+  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app:/etc "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir"
+  assert_success
+  assert_exists "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir/etc/myfile.txt"
+  assert_success
+  assert_exists "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir/etc/myfile2.txt"
+
+  _rm "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir"
+  _rm_remote "/etc/myfile.txt"
+  _rm_remote "/etc/myfile2.txt"
+}
+
+# bats test_tags=slow
+@test "copy container files to local directory" {
+  run $ABRA app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app bash -c "echo foo > /etc/myfile.txt"
+  assert_success
+
+  run $ABRA app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app bash -c "echo bar > /etc/myfile2.txt"
+  assert_success
+
+  mkdir "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir"
+
+  run $ABRA app cp "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app:/etc/ "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir"
+  assert_success
+  assert_exists "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir/myfile.txt"
+  assert_success
+  assert_exists "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir/myfile2.txt"
+
+  _rm "$BATS_TMPDIR/mydir"
+  _rm_remote "/etc/myfile.txt"
+  _rm_remote "/etc/myfile2.txt"
 }

tests/integration/app_deploy.bats

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ teardown_file(){
 setup(){
   load "$PWD/tests/integration/helpers/common"
   _common_setup
+  _reset_recipe
 }
 
 teardown(){
@@ -82,13 +83,13 @@ teardown(){
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   run $ABRA app deploy "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" --no-input --no-converge-checks
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  refute_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  refute_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   _reset_recipe
   _undeploy_app
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ teardown(){
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   # NOTE(d1): need to use --chaos to force same commit
   run $ABRA app deploy "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" \
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ teardown(){
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   _undeploy_app
   _reset_recipe
@@ -116,6 +117,9 @@ teardown(){
 
 # bats test_tags=slow
 @test "deploy latest commit if no published versions and no --chaos" {
+  # TODO(d1): fix with a new test recipe which has no published versions?
+  skip "known issue, abra-test-recipe has published versions now"
+
   latestCommit="$(git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" rev-parse --short HEAD)"
 
   _remove_tags
@@ -140,7 +144,7 @@ teardown(){
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   threeCommitsBack="$(git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" rev-parse --short HEAD)"
 
@@ -273,6 +277,10 @@ teardown(){
 }
 
 @test "ensure domain is checked" {
+  if [[ "$TEST_SERVER" == "default" ]]; then
+      skip "domain checks are disabled for local server"
+  fi
+
   appDomain="custom-html.DOESNTEXIST"
 
   run $ABRA app new custom-html \

tests/integration/app_new.bats

@@ -18,9 +18,24 @@ setup(){
 }
 
 teardown(){
+  load "$PWD/tests/integration/helpers/common"
   _rm_app
 }
 
+@test "autocomplete" {
+  run $ABRA app new --generate-bash-completion
+  assert_success
+  assert_output --partial "traefik"
+  assert_output --partial "abra-test-recipe"
+
+  # Note: this test needs to be updated when a new version of the test recipe is published.
+  run $ABRA app new abra-test-recipe --generate-bash-completion
+  assert_success
+  assert_output "0.1.0+1.20.0
+0.1.1+1.20.2
+0.2.0+1.21.0"
+}
+
 @test "create new app" {
   run $ABRA app new "$TEST_RECIPE" \
     --no-input \
@@ -28,10 +43,29 @@ teardown(){
     --domain "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN"
   assert_success
   assert_exists "$ABRA_DIR/servers/$TEST_SERVER/$TEST_APP_DOMAIN.env"
+
+  run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
+  assert_output --partial "up to date"
+}
+
+@test "create new app with version" {
+  run $ABRA app new "$TEST_RECIPE" 0.1.1+1.20.2 \
+    --no-input \
+    --server "$TEST_SERVER" \
+    --domain "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN"
+  assert_success
+  assert_exists "$ABRA_DIR/servers/$TEST_SERVER/$TEST_APP_DOMAIN.env"
+
+  run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" log -1
+  assert_output --partial "453db7121c0a56a7a8f15378f18fe3bf21ccfdef"
 }
 
 @test "does not overwrite existing env files" {
-  _new_app
+  run $ABRA app new "$TEST_RECIPE" \
+    --no-input \
+    --server "$TEST_SERVER" \
+    --domain "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN"
+  assert_success
 
   run $ABRA app new "$TEST_RECIPE" \
     --no-input \
@@ -74,8 +108,7 @@ teardown(){
     --no-input \
     --chaos \
     --server "$TEST_SERVER" \
-    --domain "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" \
+    --domain "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN"
-    --secrets
   assert_success
   assert_exists "$ABRA_DIR/servers/$TEST_SERVER/$TEST_APP_DOMAIN.env"
 
@@ -88,18 +121,17 @@ teardown(){
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   run $ABRA app new "$TEST_RECIPE" \
     --no-input \
     --server "$TEST_SERVER" \
-    --domain "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" \
+    --domain "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN"
-    --secrets
   assert_success
   assert_exists "$ABRA_DIR/servers/$TEST_SERVER/$TEST_APP_DOMAIN.env"
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  refute_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --partial "up to date"
 
   _reset_recipe
 }
@@ -109,7 +141,7 @@ teardown(){
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   # NOTE(d1): need to use --chaos to force same commit
   run $ABRA app new "$TEST_RECIPE" \
@@ -117,13 +149,12 @@ teardown(){
     --offline \
     --chaos \
     --server "$TEST_SERVER" \
-    --domain "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" \
+    --domain "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN"
-    --secrets
   assert_success
   assert_exists "$ABRA_DIR/servers/$TEST_SERVER/$TEST_APP_DOMAIN.env"
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   _reset_recipe
 }

tests/integration/app_remove.bats

@@ -104,10 +104,7 @@ teardown(){
 
   _undeploy_app
 
-  # NOTE(d1): to let the stack come down before nuking volumes
+  run $ABRA app volume rm "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" --no-input
-  sleep 5
-
-  run $ABRA app volume rm "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" --force
   assert_success
 
   run $ABRA app volume ls "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN"
@@ -132,9 +129,6 @@ teardown(){
 
   _undeploy_app
 
-  # NOTE(d1): to let the stack come down before nuking volumes
-  sleep 5
-
   run $ABRA app rm "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" --no-input
   assert_success
   assert_output --partial 'test-volume'

tests/integration/app_restore.bats

@@ -109,13 +109,13 @@ teardown(){
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
-  run $ABRA app restore "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app DOESNTEXIST
+  run $ABRA app restore "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app
   assert_failure
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  refute_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --partial "up to date"
 }
 
 @test "ensure recipe not up to date if --offline" {
@@ -126,19 +126,19 @@ teardown(){
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
-  run $ABRA app restore "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app DOESNTEXIST --offline
+  run $ABRA app restore "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app --offline
   assert_failure
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" checkout "$latestCommit"
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  refute_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --partial "HEAD detached at $latestCommit"
 }
 
 @test "error if missing service" {

tests/integration/app_rollback.bats

@@ -50,13 +50,13 @@ teardown(){
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   run $ABRA app rollback "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" --no-input --no-converge-checks
   assert_failure
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  refute_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --partial "up to date"
 }
 
 @test "ensure recipe not up to date if --offline" {
@@ -67,14 +67,14 @@ teardown(){
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   run $ABRA app rollback "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" \
     --no-input --no-converge-checks --offline
   assert_failure
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" checkout "$latestCommit"
   assert_success
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ teardown(){
   latestCommit="$(git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" rev-parse --short HEAD)"
 
   run $ABRA app deploy "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" \
-    --no-input --no-converge-checks --chaos
+    --no-input --chaos
   assert_success
   assert_output --partial "$latestCommit"
   assert_output --partial 'chaos'

tests/integration/app_secret.bats

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ setup_file(){
   run $ABRA app new "$TEST_RECIPE" \
     --no-input \
     --server "$TEST_SERVER" \
-    --domain "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" \
+    --domain "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN"
   assert_success
   assert_exists "$ABRA_DIR/servers/$TEST_SERVER/$TEST_APP_DOMAIN.env"
 }
@@ -19,13 +19,6 @@ teardown_file(){
   _reset_recipe
 }
 
-teardown(){
-  # https://github.com/bats-core/bats-core/issues/383#issuecomment-738628888
-  if [[ -z "${BATS_TEST_COMPLETED}" ]]; then
-    _undeploy_app
-  fi
-}
-
 setup(){
   load "$PWD/tests/integration/helpers/common"
   _common_setup

tests/integration/app_version.bats

@@ -59,6 +59,8 @@ teardown(){
 
 # bats test_tags=slow
 @test "error if not in catalogue" {
+  skip "known issue, see https://git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/recipes-catalogue-json/issues/6"
+
   _deploy_app
 
   run $ABRA app version "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN"
@@ -92,7 +94,7 @@ teardown(){
   assert_success
 
  # NOTE(d1): to let the stack come down before nuking volumes
-  sleep 3
+  sleep 5
 
   run $ABRA app volume remove "$appDomain" --no-input
   assert_success

tests/integration/app_volume.bats

@@ -78,9 +78,6 @@ teardown(){
 
   _undeploy_app
 
-  # NOTE(d1): to let the stack come down before nuking volumes
-  sleep 5
-
   run $ABRA app volume rm "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" --force
   assert_success
   assert_output --partial 'volumes removed successfully'
@@ -92,9 +89,6 @@ teardown(){
 
   _undeploy_app
 
-  # NOTE(d1): to let the stack come down before nuking volumes
-  sleep 5
-
   run $ABRA app volume rm "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" --force
   assert_success
   assert_output --partial 'volumes removed successfully'

tests/integration/helpers/app.bash

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ _reset_app(){
   run $ABRA app new "$TEST_RECIPE" \
     --no-input \
     --server "$TEST_SERVER" \
-    --domain "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" \
+    --domain "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN"
   assert_success
   assert_exists "$ABRA_DIR/servers/$TEST_SERVER/$TEST_APP_DOMAIN.env"
 }

tests/integration/helpers/common.bash

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ _common_setup() {
   bats_load_library bats-assert
   bats_load_library bats-file
 
+  load "$PWD/tests/integration/helpers/file"
   load "$PWD/tests/integration/helpers/app"
   load "$PWD/tests/integration/helpers/git"
   load "$PWD/tests/integration/helpers/recipe"

tests/integration/helpers/file.bash

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+_mkfile() {
+  run bash -c "echo $2 > $1"
+  assert_success
+}
+
+_mkfile_remote() {
+  run $ABRA app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app "bash -c \"echo $2 > $1\""
+  assert_success
+}
+
+_mkdir() {
+  run bash -c "mkdir -p $1"
+  assert_success
+}
+
+_rm() {
+  run rm -rf "$1"
+  assert_success
+}
+
+_rm_remote() {
+  run "$ABRA" app run "$TEST_APP_DOMAIN" app rm -rf "$1"
+  assert_success
+}

tests/integration/helpers/git.bash

@@ -28,3 +28,10 @@ _reset_tags() {
   assert_success
   refute_output '0'
 }
+
+_set_git_author() {
+  run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" config --local user.email test@example.com
+  assert_success
+  run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" config --local user.name test
+  assert_success
+}

tests/integration/helpers/server.bash

@@ -11,7 +11,11 @@ _add_server() {
 }
 
 _rm_server() {
+  if [[ "$TEST_SERVER" == "default" ]]; then
+      run rm -rf "$ABRA_DIR/servers/default"
+  else
       run $ABRA server remove --no-input "$TEST_SERVER"
+  fi
   assert_success
   assert_not_exists "$ABRA_DIR/servers/$TEST_SERVER"
 }

tests/integration/recipe_fetch.bats

@@ -5,7 +5,17 @@ setup() {
   _common_setup
 }
 
-@test "recipe fetch" {
+@test "recipe fetch all" {
+  run rm -rf "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/matrix-synapse"
+  assert_success
+  assert_not_exists "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/matrix-synapse"
+
+  run $ABRA recipe fetch
+  assert_success
+  assert_exists "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/matrix-synapse"
+}
+
+@test "recipe fetch single recipe" {
   run rm -rf "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/matrix-synapse"
   assert_success
   assert_not_exists "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/matrix-synapse"

tests/integration/recipe_lint.bats

@@ -66,13 +66,13 @@ setup() {
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   run $ABRA recipe lint "$TEST_RECIPE"
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  refute_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   _reset_recipe
 }
@@ -82,13 +82,13 @@ setup() {
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   run $ABRA recipe lint "$TEST_RECIPE" --offline
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   _reset_recipe
 }

tests/integration/recipe_release.bats

@@ -15,6 +15,11 @@ teardown_file(){
 setup(){
   load "$PWD/tests/integration/helpers/common"
   _common_setup
+  _set_git_author
+}
+
+teardown() {
+  _reset_recipe
 }
 
 @test "validate recipe argument" {
@@ -51,8 +56,6 @@ setup(){
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" tag --list
   assert_success
   assert_output --partial '0.2.1+1.21.6'
-
-  _reset_recipe
 }
 
 # NOTE(d1): this test can't assert hardcoded versions since we upgrade a minor
@@ -81,8 +84,6 @@ setup(){
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" tag --list
   assert_success
   assert_output --regexp '0\.3\.0\+1\.2.*'
-
-  _reset_recipe "$TEST_RECIPE"
 }
 
 @test "unknown files not committed" {
@@ -100,6 +101,21 @@ setup(){
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" rm foo
   assert_failure
   assert_output --partial "fatal: pathspec 'foo' did not match any files"
-
+}
-  _reset_recipe
+
+# NOTE: relies on 0.2.x being the last minor version
+@test "release with next release note" {
+  _mkfile "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE/release/next" "those are some release notes for the next release"
+  run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" add release/next
+  assert_success
+  run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" commit -m "added some release notes"
+  assert_success
+
+  run $ABRA recipe release  "$TEST_RECIPE" --no-input  --minor
+  assert_success
+  assert_output --partial 'no -p/--publish passed, not publishing'
+
+  assert_not_exists "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE/release/next"
+  assert_exists "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE/release/0.3.0+1.21.0"
+  assert_file_contains "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE/release/0.3.0+1.21.0" "those are some release notes for the next release"
 }

tests/integration/recipe_upgrade.bats

@@ -61,14 +61,14 @@ setup(){
   assert_success
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  assert_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   run $ABRA recipe upgrade "$TEST_RECIPE" --no-input
   assert_success
   assert_output --partial 'can upgrade service: app'
 
   run git -C "$ABRA_DIR/recipes/$TEST_RECIPE" status
-  refute_output --partial 'behind 3'
+  assert_output --regexp 'behind .* 3 commits'
 
   _reset_recipe
 }

tests/integration/recipe_version.bats

@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ setup() {
 }
 
 @test "error if not present in catalogue" {
+  skip "known issue, see https://git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/recipes-catalogue-json/issues/6"
+
   run $ABRA recipe versions "$TEST_RECIPE"
   assert_failure
   assert_output --partial "is not published on the catalogue"