chore: use alpha format

See coop-cloud/organising#209.

.chglog/CHANGELOG.tpl.md

@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-{{ range .Versions }}
-<a name="{{ .Tag.Name }}"></a>
-## {{ if .Tag.Previous }}[{{ .Tag.Name }}]({{ $.Info.RepositoryURL }}/compare/{{ .Tag.Previous.Name }}...{{ .Tag.Name }}){{ else }}{{ .Tag.Name }}{{ end }}
-
-> {{ datetime "2006-01-02" .Tag.Date }}
-
-{{ range .CommitGroups -}}
-### {{ .Title }}
-
-{{ range .Commits -}}
-* {{ .Subject }}
-{{ end }}
-{{ end -}}
-
-{{- if .RevertCommits -}}
-### Reverts
-
-{{ range .RevertCommits -}}
-* {{ .Revert.Header }}
-{{ end }}
-{{ end -}}
-
-{{- if .MergeCommits -}}
-### Pull Requests
-
-{{ range .MergeCommits -}}
-* {{ .Header }}
-{{ end }}
-{{ end -}}
-
-{{- if .NoteGroups -}}
-{{ range .NoteGroups -}}
-### {{ .Title }}
-
-{{ range .Notes }}
-{{ .Body }}
-{{ end }}
-{{ end -}}
-{{ end -}}
-{{ end -}}

.chglog/config.yml

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-style: github
-template: CHANGELOG.tpl.md
-info:
-  title: CHANGELOG
-  repository_url: https://git.autonomic.zone:2222/coop-cloud/go-abra
-options:
-  commits:
-    # filters:
-    #   Type:
-    #     - feat
-    #     - fix
-    #     - perf
-    #     - refactor
-  commit_groups:
-    # title_maps:
-    #   feat: Features
-    #   fix: Bug Fixes
-    #   perf: Performance Improvements
-    #   refactor: Code Refactoring
-  header:
-    pattern: "^(\\w*)\\:\\s(.*)$"
-    pattern_maps:
-      - Type
-      - Subject
-  notes:
-    keywords:
-      - BREAKING CHANGE

.gitea/ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+name: "Do not use this issue tracker"
+about: "Do not use this issue tracker"
+title: "Do not use this issue tracker"
+labels: []
+---
+
+Please report your issue on [`coop-cloud/organising`](https://git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/organising)

.gitignore

@@ -3,3 +3,4 @@ abra
 vendor/
 .envrc
 dist/
+*fmtcoverage.html

.goreleaser.yml

@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ builds:
     dir: cmd/abra
     goos:
       - linux
+      - darwin
     ldflags:
       - "-X 'main.Commit={{ .Commit }}'"
       - "-X 'main.Version={{ .Version }}'"
 archives:
   - replacements:
-      linux: Linux
       386: i386
       amd64: x86_64
     format: binary
@@ -28,8 +28,11 @@ checksum:
 snapshot:
   name_template: "{{ incpatch .Version }}-next"
 changelog:
-  sort: asc
+  sort: desc
   filters:
     exclude:
-      - "^docs:"
+      - "^WIP:"
+      - "^style:"
       - "^test:"
+      - "^tests:"
+      - "^Revert"

Makefile

@@ -32,7 +32,14 @@ static:
 	@staticcheck $(ABRA)
 
 test:
-	@go test ./... -cover
+	@go test ./... -cover -v
 
 loc:
 	@find . -name "*.go" | xargs wc -l
+
+loc-author:
+	@git ls-files -z | \
+		xargs -0rn 1 -P "$$(nproc)" -I{} sh -c 'git blame -w -M -C -C --line-porcelain -- {} | grep -I --line-buffered "^author "' | \
+   	sort -f | \
+   	uniq -ic | \
+   	sort -n

README.md

@@ -7,88 +7,45 @@
 
 The Co-op Cloud utility belt 🎩🐇
 
-`abra` is a command-line tool for managing your own [Co-op Cloud](https://coopcloud.tech). It can provision new servers, create applications, deploy them, run backup and restore operations and a whole lot of other things. It is the go-to tool for day-to-day operations when managing a Co-op Cloud instance.
+`abra` is a command-line tool for managing your own [Co-op Cloud](https://coopcloud.tech). It can provision new servers, create apps, deploy them, run backup and restore operations and a whole lot of other things. Please see [docs.coopcloud.tech](https://docs.coopcloud.tech) for more extensive documentation.
-
-## Install
-
-### Arch-based Linux Distros
-
-[abra (coming-soon)](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/abra/) or for the latest version on git [abra-git](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/abra-git/)
-
-```sh
-yay -S abra-git # or abra
-```
-
-### Debian-based Linux Distros
-
-**Coming Soon**
-
-### Homebrew
-
-**Coming Soon**
-
-### Build from source
-
-```sh
-git clone https://git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/abra
-cd abra
-go env -w GOPRIVATE=coopcloud.tech
-make install
-```
-
-The abra binary will be in `$GOPATH/bin`.
-
-## Autocompletion
-
-**bash**
-
-Copy `autocomplete/bash_autocomplete` into `/etc/bash_completion.d/` and rename
-it to abra.
-```
-sudo cp autocomplete/bash_autocomplete /etc/bash_completion.d/abra
-source /etc/bash_completion.d/abra
-```
-
-**(fi)zsh**
-
-(fi)zsh doesn't have an autocompletion folder by default but you can create one, then copy `zsh_autocomplete` into it and add a couple lines to your `~/.zshrc` or `~/.fizsh/.fizshrc`
-```
-sudo mkdir /etc/zsh/completion.d/
-sudo cp autocomplete/zsh_autocomplete /etc/zsh/completion.d/abra
-echo "PROG=abra\n_CLI_ZSH_AUTOCOMPLETE_HACK=1\nsource /etc/zsh/completion.d/abra" >> ~/.zshrc
-```
-(replace .zshrc with ~/.fizsh/.fizshrc if you use fizsh)
 
 ## Hacking
 
-Install direnv, run `cp .envrc.sample .envrc`, then run `direnv allow` in this directory. This will set coopcloud repos as private due to [this bug.](https://git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/coopcloud.tech/issues/20#issuecomment-8201). Or you can run `go env -w GOPRIVATE=coopcloud.tech` but I'm not sure how persistent this is.
+### Getting started
+
+Install [direnv](https://direnv.net), run `cp .envrc.sample .envrc`, then run `direnv allow` in this directory. This will set coopcloud repos as private due to [this bug.](https://git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/coopcloud.tech/issues/20#issuecomment-8201). Or you can run `go env -w GOPRIVATE=coopcloud.tech` but I'm not sure how persistent this is.
 
 Install [Go >= 1.16](https://golang.org/doc/install) and then:
 
 - `make build` to build
 - `./abra` to run commands
 - `make test` will run tests
+- `make install` will install it to `$GOPATH/bin`
+- `go get <package>` and `go mod tidy` to add a new dependency
 
 Our [Drone CI configuration](.drone.yml) runs a number of sanity on each pushed commit. See the [Makefile](./Makefile) for more handy targets.
 
 Please use the [conventional commit format](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/en/v1.0.0/) for your commits so we can automate our change log.
 
-## Versioning
+### Versioning
 
 We use [goreleaser](https://goreleaser.com) to help us automate releases. We use [semver](https://semver.org) for versioning all releases of the tool. While we are still in the public alpha release phase, we will maintain a `0.y.z-alpha` format. Change logs are generated from our commit logs. We are still working this out and aim to refine our release praxis as we go.
 
 For developers, while using this `-alpha` format, the `y` part is the "major" version part. So, if you make breaking changes, you increment that and _not_ the `x` part. So, if you're on `0.1.0-alpha`, then you'd go to `0.1.1-alpha` for a backwards compatible change and `0.2.0-alpha` for a backwards incompatible change.
 
-## Making a new release
+### Making a new release
 
 - Change `ABRA_VERSION` to match the new tag in [`scripts`](./scripts/installer/installer) (use [semver](https://semver.org))
-- Commit that change (e.g. `git commit -m 'chore: publish next tag 0.3.1-alpha'`)
+- Commit that change (e.g. `git commit -m 'chore: publish next tag x.y.z-alpha'`)
-- Make a new tag (e.g. `git tag 0.y.z-alpha`)
+- Make a new tag (e.g. `git tag -a x.y.z-alpha`)
 - Push the new tag (e.g. `git push && git push --tags`)
 - Wait until the build finishes on [build.coopcloud.tech](https://build.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/abra)
-- Check the release worked, (e.g. `abra upgrade; abra version`)
+- Deploy the new installer script (e.g. `cd ./scripts/installer && make`)
+- Check the release worked, (e.g. `abra upgrade; abra -v`)
 
-## Fork maintenance
+### Fork maintenance
+
+#### `godotenv`
 
 We maintain a fork of [godotenv](https://github.com/Autonomic-Cooperative/godotenv) for two features:
 
@@ -98,3 +55,7 @@ We maintain a fork of [godotenv](https://github.com/Autonomic-Cooperative/godote
 You can upgrade the version here by running `go get github.com/Autonomic-Cooperative/godotenv@<commit>` where `<commit>` is the
 latest commit you want to pin to. We are aiming to migrate to YAML format for the environment configuration, so this should only
 be a temporary thing.
+
+#### `docker/client`
+
+A number of modules in [pkg/upstream](./pkg/upstream) are copy/pasta'd from the upstream [docker/docker/client](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/docker/docker/client). We had to do this because upstream are not exposing their API as public.

TODO.md

@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-# TODO
-
-## Bash feature parity
-
-- [ ] Commands
-  - [x] `abra server`
-    - [x] `ls`
-    - [x] `add`
-    - [x] `new`
-      - [x] `capsul`
-      - [x] `hetzner`
-    - [x] `rm`
-    - [x] `init`
-  - [ ] `abra app`
-    - [x] `ls`
-    - [x] `new`
-    - [x] `backup`
-    - [x] `deploy`
-    - [x] `check`
-    - [x] `version`
-    - [x] `config`
-    - [x] `cp`
-    - [x] `logs`
-    - [x] `ps`
-    - [x] `restore`
-    - [x] `rm`
-    - [x] `run`
-    - [ ] `rollback`
-    - [x] `secret`
-      - [x] `generate`
-      - [x] `insert`
-      - [x] `rm`
-      - [x] `ls`
-    - [x] `undeploy`
-    - [ ] `volume`
-      - [x] `ls` (WIP: knoflook)
-      - [ ] `rm` (WIP: knoflook)
-  - [x] `abra recipe`
-    - [x] `ls`
-    - [x] `create`
-    - [x] `upgrade`
-    - [x] `sync`
-    - [x] `versions`
-    - [x] `lint`
-  - [x] `upgrade`
-  - [x] `version`
-
-## Next phase
-
-- [ ] Polishing UI/UX and testing
-- [ ] Refactoring and code organisation
-- [ ] Automated builds for releasing
-
-## New features
-
-- [ ] Commands
-  - [ ] `abra server`
-    - [ ] `dns`
-      - [ ] `gandi`
-  - [ ] `abra recipe`
-    - [ ] "TBD apps.json generating command" (see [#40](https://git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/go-abra/issues/40))
-- [ ] Package manager integration
-  - [x] AUR
-  - [ ] Debian
-  - [ ] Ubuntu
-  - [ ] Fedora
-  - [ ] Homebrew

cli/app/app.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 // AppCommand defines the `abra app` command and ets subcommands
 var AppCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Name:      "app",
-	Usage:     "Manage apps",
+	Usage:     "Manage deployed apps",
 	Aliases:   []string{"a"},
 	ArgsUsage: "<app>",
 	Description: `
@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ to scaling apps up and spinning them down.
 	Subcommands: []*cli.Command{
 		appNewCommand,
 		appConfigCommand,
+		appRestartCommand,
 		appDeployCommand,
+		appUpgradeCommand,
 		appUndeployCommand,
 		appBackupCommand,
 		appRestoreCommand,

cli/app/backup.go

@@ -66,13 +66,22 @@ var appBackupCommand = &cli.Command{
 
 		sourceAndExec := fmt.Sprintf("%s; %s", sourceCmd, execCmd)
 		cmd := exec.Command("bash", "-c", sourceAndExec)
-		output, err := cmd.Output()
+		if err := internal.RunCmd(cmd); err != nil {
-		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		fmt.Print(string(output))
-
 		return nil
 	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		appNames, err := config.GetAppNames()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Warn(err)
+		}
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for _, a := range appNames {
+			fmt.Println(a)
+		}
+	},
 }

cli/app/check.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package app
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path"
 	"strings"
@@ -44,8 +45,20 @@ var appCheckCommand = &cli.Command{
 			logrus.Fatalf("%s is missing %s", app.Path, missingEnvVars)
 		}
 
-		logrus.Info("All necessary environment variables defined")
+		logrus.Infof("all necessary environment variables defined for '%s'", app.Name)
 
 		return nil
 	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		appNames, err := config.GetAppNames()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Warn(err)
+		}
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for _, a := range appNames {
+			fmt.Println(a)
+		}
+	},
 }

cli/app/config.go

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 package app
 
 import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
@@ -15,7 +18,21 @@ var appConfigCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Aliases: []string{"c"},
 	Usage:   "Edit app config",
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+		appName := c.Args().First()
+
+		if appName == "" {
+			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no app provided"))
+		}
+
+		files, err := config.LoadAppFiles("")
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		appFile, exists := files[appName]
+		if !exists {
+			logrus.Fatalf("cannot find app with name '%s'", appName)
+		}
 
 		ed, ok := os.LookupEnv("EDITOR")
 		if !ok {
@@ -28,7 +45,7 @@ var appConfigCommand = &cli.Command{
 			}
 		}
 
-		cmd := exec.Command(ed, app.Path)
+		cmd := exec.Command(ed, appFile.Path)
 		cmd.Stdin = os.Stdin
 		cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
 		cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
@@ -38,4 +55,16 @@ var appConfigCommand = &cli.Command{
 
 		return nil
 	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		appNames, err := config.GetAppNames()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Warn(err)
+		}
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for _, a := range appNames {
+			fmt.Println(a)
+		}
+	},
 }

cli/app/cp.go

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 package app
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
@@ -55,11 +55,13 @@ var appCpCommand = &cli.Command{
 			service = parsedSrc[0]
 			srcPath = parsedSrc[1]
 			dstPath = dst
+			logrus.Debugf("assuming transfer is coming FROM the container")
 		} else if len(parsedDst) == 2 {
 			service = parsedDst[0]
 			dstPath = parsedDst[1]
 			srcPath = src
 			isToContainer = true // <src> <container:dst>
+			logrus.Debugf("assuming transfer is going TO the container")
 		}
 
 		appFiles, err := config.LoadAppFiles("")
@@ -72,7 +74,6 @@ var appCpCommand = &cli.Command{
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		ctx := context.Background()
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ var appCpCommand = &cli.Command{
 
 		filters := filters.NewArgs()
 		filters.Add("name", fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", appEnv.StackName(), service))
-		containers, err := cl.ContainerList(ctx, types.ContainerListOptions{Filters: filters})
+		containers, err := cl.ContainerList(c.Context, types.ContainerListOptions{Filters: filters})
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -90,6 +91,8 @@ var appCpCommand = &cli.Command{
 		}
 		container := containers[0]
 
+		logrus.Debugf("retrieved '%s' as target container on '%s'", formatter.ShortenID(container.ID), app.Server)
+
 		if isToContainer {
 			if _, err := os.Stat(srcPath); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatalf("'%s' does not exist?", srcPath)
@@ -102,11 +105,11 @@ var appCpCommand = &cli.Command{
 			}
 
 			copyOpts := types.CopyToContainerOptions{AllowOverwriteDirWithFile: false, CopyUIDGID: false}
-			if err := cl.CopyToContainer(ctx, container.ID, dstPath, content, copyOpts); err != nil {
+			if err := cl.CopyToContainer(c.Context, container.ID, dstPath, content, copyOpts); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		} else {
-			content, _, err := cl.CopyFromContainer(ctx, container.ID, srcPath)
+			content, _, err := cl.CopyFromContainer(c.Context, container.ID, srcPath)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}

cli/app/deploy.go

@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
-	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client/stack"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
@@ -15,43 +13,33 @@ var appDeployCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Name:    "deploy",
 	Aliases: []string{"d"},
 	Usage:   "Deploy an app",
-	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+		internal.ForceFlag,
+		internal.ChaosFlag,
+	},
+	Description: `
+This command deploys a new instance of an app. It does not support changing the
+version of an existing deployed app, for this you need to look at the "abra app
+upgrade <app>" command.
 
-		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
+You may pass "--force" to re-deploy the same version again. This can be useful
+if the container runtime has gotten into a weird state.
+
+Chas mode ("--chaos") will deploy your local checkout of a recipe as-is,
+including unstaged changes and can be useful for live hacking and testing new
+recipes.
+`,
+	Action: internal.DeployAction,
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		appNames, err := config.GetAppNames()
 		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+			logrus.Warn(err)
 		}
-
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
-		abraShPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/%s", config.APPS_DIR, app.Type, "abra.sh")
+			return
-		abraShEnv, err := config.ReadAbraShEnvVars(abraShPath)
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		for k, v := range abraShEnv {
+		for _, a := range appNames {
-			app.Env[k] = v
+			fmt.Println(a)
 		}
-		app.Env["STACK_NAME"] = app.StackName()
-
-		composeFiles, err := config.GetAppComposeFiles(app.Type, app.Env)
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-		deployOpts := stack.Deploy{
-			Composefiles: composeFiles,
-			Namespace:    app.StackName(),
-			Prune:        false,
-			ResolveImage: stack.ResolveImageAlways,
-		}
-		compose, err := config.GetAppComposeConfig(app.Name, deployOpts, app.Env)
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if err := stack.RunDeploy(cl, deployOpts, compose); err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		return nil
 	},
 }

cli/app/list.go

@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 package app
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"sort"
+	"strings"
 
 	abraFormatter "coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/catalogue"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/ssh"
+	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
@@ -65,10 +70,16 @@ can take some time.
 		}
 		sort.Sort(config.ByServerAndType(apps))
 
-		statuses := map[string]string{}
+		for _, app := range apps {
+			if err := ssh.EnsureHostKey(app.Server); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		statuses := make(map[string]map[string]string)
 		tableCol := []string{"Server", "Type", "Domain"}
 		if status {
-			tableCol = append(tableCol, "Status")
+			tableCol = append(tableCol, "Status", "Version", "Updates")
 			statuses, err = config.GetAppStatuses(appFiles)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
@@ -78,23 +89,92 @@ can take some time.
 		table := abraFormatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
 		table.SetAutoMergeCellsByColumnIndex([]int{0})
 
+		var (
+			versionedAppsCount   int
+			unversionedAppsCount int
+			onLatestCount        int
+			canUpgradeCount      int
+		)
+
 		for _, app := range apps {
 			var tableRow []string
 			if app.Type == appType || appType == "" {
 				// If type flag is set, check for it, if not, Type == ""
 				tableRow = []string{app.Server, app.Type, app.Domain}
 				if status {
-					if status, ok := statuses[app.StackName()]; ok {
+					stackName := app.StackName()
-						tableRow = append(tableRow, status)
+					status := "unknown"
+					version := "unknown"
+					if statusMeta, ok := statuses[stackName]; ok {
+						if currentVersion, exists := statusMeta["version"]; exists {
+							version = currentVersion
+						}
+						if statusMeta["status"] != "" {
+							status = statusMeta["status"]
+						}
+						tableRow = append(tableRow, status, version)
+						versionedAppsCount++
 					} else {
-						tableRow = append(tableRow, "unknown")
+						tableRow = append(tableRow, status, version)
+						unversionedAppsCount++
+					}
+
+					var newUpdates []string
+					if version != "unknown" {
+						updates, err := catalogue.GetRecipeCatalogueVersions(app.Type)
+						if err != nil {
+							logrus.Fatal(err)
+						}
+
+						parsedVersion, err := tagcmp.Parse(version)
+						if err != nil {
+							logrus.Fatal(err)
+						}
+
+						for _, update := range updates {
+							parsedUpdate, err := tagcmp.Parse(update)
+							if err != nil {
+								logrus.Fatal(err)
+							}
+
+							if update != version && parsedUpdate.IsGreaterThan(parsedVersion) {
+								newUpdates = append(newUpdates, update)
+							}
+						}
+					}
+
+					if len(newUpdates) == 0 {
+						if version == "unknown" {
+							tableRow = append(tableRow, "unknown")
+						} else {
+							tableRow = append(tableRow, "on latest")
+							onLatestCount++
+						}
+					} else {
+						// FIXME: jeezus golang why do you not have a list reverse function
+						for i, j := 0, len(newUpdates)-1; i < j; i, j = i+1, j-1 {
+							newUpdates[i], newUpdates[j] = newUpdates[j], newUpdates[i]
+						}
+						tableRow = append(tableRow, strings.Join(newUpdates, "\n"))
+						canUpgradeCount++
 					}
 				}
 			}
 			table.Append(tableRow)
 		}
 
+		stats := fmt.Sprintf(
+			"Total apps: %v | Versioned: %v | Unversioned: %v | On latest: %v | Can upgrade: %v",
+			len(apps),
+			versionedAppsCount,
+			unversionedAppsCount,
+			onLatestCount,
+			canUpgradeCount,
+		)
+
+		table.SetCaption(true, stats)
 		table.Render()
+
 		return nil
 	},
 }

cli/app/logs.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package app
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"os"
@@ -9,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
 	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
@@ -17,12 +17,11 @@ import (
 )
 
 // stackLogs lists logs for all stack services
-func stackLogs(stackName string, client *dockerClient.Client) {
+func stackLogs(c *cli.Context, stackName string, client *dockerClient.Client) {
-	ctx := context.Background()
 	filters := filters.NewArgs()
 	filters.Add("name", stackName)
 	serviceOpts := types.ServiceListOptions{Filters: filters}
-	services, err := client.ServiceList(ctx, serviceOpts)
+	services, err := client.ServiceList(c.Context, serviceOpts)
 	if err != nil {
 		logrus.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -39,7 +38,7 @@ func stackLogs(stackName string, client *dockerClient.Client) {
 				Tail:       "20",
 				Timestamps: true,
 			}
-			logs, err := client.ServiceLogs(ctx, s, logOpts)
+			logs, err := client.ServiceLogs(c.Context, s, logOpts)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -64,7 +63,6 @@ var appLogsCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
 		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
 
-		ctx := context.Background()
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
@@ -72,14 +70,16 @@ var appLogsCommand = &cli.Command{
 
 		serviceName := c.Args().Get(1)
 		if serviceName == "" {
-			stackLogs(app.StackName(), cl)
+			logrus.Debug("tailing logs for all app services")
+			stackLogs(c, app.StackName(), cl)
 		}
+		logrus.Debugf("tailing logs for '%s'", serviceName)
 
 		service := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", app.StackName(), serviceName)
 		filters := filters.NewArgs()
 		filters.Add("name", service)
 		serviceOpts := types.ServiceListOptions{Filters: filters}
-		services, err := cl.ServiceList(ctx, serviceOpts)
+		services, err := cl.ServiceList(c.Context, serviceOpts)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ var appLogsCommand = &cli.Command{
 			Tail:       "20",
 			Timestamps: true,
 		}
-		logs, err := cl.ServiceLogs(ctx, services[0].ID, logOpts)
+		logs, err := cl.ServiceLogs(c.Context, services[0].ID, logOpts)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -109,4 +109,16 @@ var appLogsCommand = &cli.Command{
 
 		return nil
 	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		appNames, err := config.GetAppNames()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Warn(err)
+		}
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for _, a := range appNames {
+			fmt.Println(a)
+		}
+	},
 }

cli/app/new.go

@@ -2,48 +2,13 @@ package app
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"path"
 
-	abraFormatter "coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/catalogue"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
-	recipePkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/secret"
-	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
 
-type secrets map[string]string
-
-var domain string
-var domainFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "domain",
-	Aliases:     []string{"d"},
-	Value:       "",
-	Usage:       "Choose a domain name",
-	Destination: &domain,
-}
-
-var newAppServer string
-var newAppServerFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "server",
-	Aliases:     []string{"s"},
-	Value:       "",
-	Usage:       "Show apps of a specific server",
-	Destination: &listAppServer,
-}
-
-var newAppName string
-var newAppNameFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "app-name",
-	Aliases:     []string{"a"},
-	Value:       "",
-	Usage:       "Choose an app name",
-	Destination: &newAppName,
-}
-
 var appNewDescription = `
 This command takes a recipe and uses it to create a new app. This new app
 configuration is stored in your ~/.abra directory under the appropriate server.
@@ -70,163 +35,24 @@ var appNewCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Aliases:     []string{"n"},
 	Description: appNewDescription,
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
-		newAppServerFlag,
+		internal.NewAppServerFlag,
-		domainFlag,
+		internal.DomainFlag,
-		newAppNameFlag,
+		internal.NewAppNameFlag,
 		internal.PassFlag,
 		internal.SecretsFlag,
 	},
 	ArgsUsage: "<recipe>",
-	Action:    action,
+	Action:    internal.NewAction,
-}
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
-
+		catl, err := catalogue.ReadRecipeCatalogue()
-// getRecipeMeta retrieves the recipe metadata from the recipe catalogue.
-func getRecipeMeta(recipeName string) (catalogue.RecipeMeta, error) {
-	catl, err := catalogue.ReadRecipeCatalogue()
-	if err != nil {
-		return catalogue.RecipeMeta{}, err
-	}
-
-	recipeMeta, ok := catl[recipeName]
-	if !ok {
-		err := fmt.Errorf("recipe '%s' does not exist?", recipeName)
-		return catalogue.RecipeMeta{}, err
-	}
-	if err := recipePkg.EnsureExists(recipeMeta.Name); err != nil {
-		return catalogue.RecipeMeta{}, err
-	}
-
-	return recipeMeta, nil
-}
-
-// ensureDomainFlag checks if the domain flag was used. if not, asks the user for it/
-func ensureDomainFlag() error {
-	if domain == "" {
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "Specify app domain",
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &domain); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// ensureServerFlag checks if the server flag was used. if not, asks the user for it.
-func ensureServerFlag() error {
-	appFiles, err := config.LoadAppFiles(newAppServer)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	servers := appFiles.GetServers()
-	if newAppServer == "" {
-		prompt := &survey.Select{
-			Message: "Select app server:",
-			Options: servers,
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &newAppServer); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// ensureServerFlag checks if the AppName flag was used. if not, asks the user for it.
-func ensureAppNameFlag() error {
-	if newAppName == "" {
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "Specify app name:",
-			Default: config.SanitiseAppName(domain),
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &newAppName); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// createSecrets creates all secrets for a new app.
-func createSecrets(sanitisedAppName string) (secrets, error) {
-	appEnvPath := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "servers", newAppServer, fmt.Sprintf("%s.env", sanitisedAppName))
-	appEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(appEnvPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	secretEnvVars := secret.ReadSecretEnvVars(appEnv)
-	secrets, err := secret.GenerateSecrets(secretEnvVars, sanitisedAppName, newAppServer)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if internal.Pass {
-		for secretName := range secrets {
-			secretValue := secrets[secretName]
-			if err := secret.PassInsertSecret(secretValue, secretName, sanitisedAppName, newAppServer); err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return secrets, nil
-}
-
-// action is the main command-line action for this package
-func action(c *cli.Context) error {
-	recipe := internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
-
-	if err := config.EnsureAbraDirExists(); err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	recipeMeta, err := getRecipeMeta(recipe.Name)
-	if err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	latestVersion := recipeMeta.LatestVersion()
-	if err := recipePkg.EnsureVersion(recipe.Name, latestVersion); err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if err := ensureServerFlag(); err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if err := ensureDomainFlag(); err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if err := ensureAppNameFlag(); err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	sanitisedAppName := config.SanitiseAppName(newAppName)
-	if len(sanitisedAppName) > 45 {
-		logrus.Fatalf("'%s' cannot be longer than 45 characters", sanitisedAppName)
-	}
-
-	if err := config.CopyAppEnvSample(recipe.Name, newAppName, newAppServer); err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if internal.Secrets {
-		secrets, err := createSecrets(sanitisedAppName)
 		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+			logrus.Warn(err)
 		}
-
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
-		secretCols := []string{"Name", "Value"}
+			return
-		secretTable := abraFormatter.CreateTable(secretCols)
-		for secret := range secrets {
-			secretTable.Append([]string{secret, secrets[secret]})
 		}
-		defer secretTable.Render()
+		for name := range catl {
-	}
+			fmt.Println(name)
-
+		}
-	tableCol := []string{"Name", "Domain", "Type", "Server"}
+	},
-	table := abraFormatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
-	table.Append([]string{sanitisedAppName, domain, recipe.Name, newAppServer})
-	defer table.Render()
-
-	return nil
 }

cli/app/ps.go

@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 package app
 
 import (
-	"context"
+	"fmt"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	abraFormatter "coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command/formatter"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
@@ -14,44 +16,84 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
 
+var watch bool
+var watchFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "watch",
+	Aliases:     []string{"w"},
+	Value:       false,
+	Usage:       "Watch status by polling repeatedly",
+	Destination: &watch,
+}
+
 var appPsCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Name:    "ps",
 	Usage:   "Check app status",
 	Aliases: []string{"p"},
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		watchFlag,
+	},
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+		if !watch {
+			showPSOutput(c)
+			return nil
+		}
 
-		ctx := context.Background()
+		// TODO: how do we make this update in-place in an x-platform way?
-		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
+		for {
+			showPSOutput(c)
+			time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+		}
+	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		appNames, err := config.GetAppNames()
 		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+			logrus.Warn(err)
 		}
-
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
-		filters := filters.NewArgs()
+			return
-		filters.Add("name", app.StackName())
-
-		containers, err := cl.ContainerList(ctx, types.ContainerListOptions{Filters: filters})
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
-
+		for _, a := range appNames {
-		tableCol := []string{"ID", "Image", "Command", "Created", "Status", "Ports", "Names"}
+			fmt.Println(a)
-		table := abraFormatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
-
-		for _, container := range containers {
-			tableRow := []string{
-				abraFormatter.ShortenID(container.ID),
-				abraFormatter.RemoveSha(container.Image),
-				abraFormatter.Truncate(container.Command),
-				abraFormatter.HumanDuration(container.Created),
-				container.Status,
-				formatter.DisplayablePorts(container.Ports),
-				strings.Join(container.Names, ","),
-			}
-			table.Append(tableRow)
 		}
-
-		table.Render()
-		return nil
 	},
 }
+
+// showPSOutput renders ps output.
+func showPSOutput(c *cli.Context) {
+	app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+
+	cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	filters := filters.NewArgs()
+	filters.Add("name", app.StackName())
+
+	containers, err := cl.ContainerList(c.Context, types.ContainerListOptions{Filters: filters})
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	tableCol := []string{"image", "created", "status", "ports", "names"}
+	table := abraFormatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
+
+	for _, container := range containers {
+		var containerNames []string
+		for _, containerName := range container.Names {
+			trimmed := strings.TrimPrefix(containerName, "/")
+			containerNames = append(containerNames, trimmed)
+		}
+
+		tableRow := []string{
+			abraFormatter.RemoveSha(container.Image),
+			abraFormatter.HumanDuration(container.Created),
+			container.Status,
+			formatter.DisplayablePorts(container.Ports),
+			strings.Join(containerNames, "\n"),
+		}
+		table.Append(tableRow)
+	}
+
+	table.Render()
+}

cli/app/remove.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package app
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 
@@ -39,13 +38,13 @@ var appRemoveCommand = &cli.Command{
 		if !internal.Force {
 			response := false
 			prompt := &survey.Confirm{
-				Message: fmt.Sprintf("About to delete %s, are you sure", app.Name),
+				Message: fmt.Sprintf("about to delete %s, are you sure?", app.Name),
 			}
 			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 			if !response {
-				logrus.Fatal("User aborted app removal")
+				logrus.Fatal("user aborted app removal")
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -54,7 +53,6 @@ var appRemoveCommand = &cli.Command{
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		ctx := context.Background()
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
@@ -65,14 +63,14 @@ var appRemoveCommand = &cli.Command{
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
-			if statuses[app.Name] == "deployed" {
+			if statuses[app.Name]["status"] == "deployed" {
 				logrus.Fatalf("'%s' is still deployed. Run \"abra app %s undeploy\" or pass --force", app.Name, app.Name)
 			}
 		}
 
 		fs := filters.NewArgs()
 		fs.Add("name", app.Name)
-		secretList, err := cl.SecretList(ctx, types.SecretListOptions{Filters: fs})
+		secretList, err := cl.SecretList(c.Context, types.SecretListOptions{Filters: fs})
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -89,7 +87,7 @@ var appRemoveCommand = &cli.Command{
 			var secretNamesToRemove []string
 			if !internal.Force {
 				secretsPrompt := &survey.MultiSelect{
-					Message: "Which secrets do you want to remove?",
+					Message: "which secrets do you want to remove?",
 					Options: secretNames,
 					Default: secretNames,
 				}
@@ -99,17 +97,17 @@ var appRemoveCommand = &cli.Command{
 			}
 
 			for _, name := range secretNamesToRemove {
-				err := cl.SecretRemove(ctx, secrets[name])
+				err := cl.SecretRemove(c.Context, secrets[name])
 				if err != nil {
 					logrus.Fatal(err)
 				}
-				logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Secret: %s removed", name))
+				logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("secret: %s removed", name))
 			}
 		} else {
-			logrus.Info("No secrets to remove")
+			logrus.Info("no secrets to remove")
 		}
 
-		volumeListOKBody, err := cl.VolumeList(ctx, fs)
+		volumeListOKBody, err := cl.VolumeList(c.Context, fs)
 		volumeList := volumeListOKBody.Volumes
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
@@ -125,7 +123,7 @@ var appRemoveCommand = &cli.Command{
 				var removeVols []string
 				if !internal.Force {
 					volumesPrompt := &survey.MultiSelect{
-						Message: "Which volumes do you want to remove?",
+						Message: "which volumes do you want to remove?",
 						Options: vols,
 						Default: vols,
 					}
@@ -134,25 +132,37 @@ var appRemoveCommand = &cli.Command{
 					}
 				}
 				for _, vol := range removeVols {
-					err := cl.VolumeRemove(ctx, vol, internal.Force) // last argument is for force removing
+					err := cl.VolumeRemove(c.Context, vol, internal.Force) // last argument is for force removing
 					if err != nil {
 						logrus.Fatal(err)
 					}
-					logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Volume %s removed", vol))
+					logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("volume %s removed", vol))
 				}
 			} else {
-				logrus.Info("No volumes were removed")
+				logrus.Info("no volumes were removed")
 			}
 		} else {
-			logrus.Info("No volumes to remove")
+			logrus.Info("no volumes to remove")
 		}
 
 		err = os.Remove(app.Path)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("File: %s removed", app.Path))
+		logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("file: %s removed", app.Path))
 
 		return nil
 	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		appNames, err := config.GetAppNames()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Warn(err)
+		}
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for _, a := range appNames {
+			fmt.Println(a)
+		}
+	},
 }

cli/app/restart.go

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+package app
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+var appRestartCommand = &cli.Command{
+	Name:        "restart",
+	Usage:       "Restart an app",
+	Aliases:     []string{"R"},
+	ArgsUsage:   "<service>",
+	Description: `This command restarts a service within a deployed app.`,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+
+		serviceName := c.Args().Get(1)
+		if serviceName == "" {
+			err := errors.New("missing service?")
+			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, err)
+		}
+
+		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		serviceFilter := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", app.StackName(), serviceName)
+		filters := filters.NewArgs()
+		filters.Add("name", serviceFilter)
+		containerOpts := types.ContainerListOptions{Filters: filters}
+		containers, err := cl.ContainerList(c.Context, containerOpts)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if len(containers) != 1 {
+			logrus.Fatalf("expected 1 service but got %v", len(containers))
+		}
+
+		logrus.Debugf("attempting to restart %s", serviceFilter)
+
+		timeout := 30 * time.Second
+		if err := cl.ContainerRestart(c.Context, containers[0].ID, &timeout); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		logrus.Infof("%s service restarted", serviceFilter)
+
+		return nil
+	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		appNames, err := config.GetAppNames()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Warn(err)
+		}
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for _, a := range appNames {
+			fmt.Println(a)
+		}
+	},
+}

cli/app/restore.go

@@ -70,13 +70,10 @@ var appRestoreCommand = &cli.Command{
 
 		sourceAndExec := fmt.Sprintf("%s; %s", sourceCmd, execCmd)
 		cmd := exec.Command("bash", "-c", sourceAndExec)
-		output, err := cmd.Output()
+		if err := internal.RunCmd(cmd); err != nil {
-		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		fmt.Print(string(output))
-
 		return nil
 	},
 }

cli/app/rollback.go

@@ -1,10 +1,177 @@
 package app
 
-import "github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/catalogue"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
+	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
+	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
 
 var appRollbackCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Name:      "rollback",
 	Usage:     "Roll an app back to a previous version",
-	Aliases:   []string{"b"},
+	Aliases:   []string{"r", "downgrade"},
-	ArgsUsage: "[<version>]",
+	ArgsUsage: "<app>",
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.ForceFlag,
+		internal.ChaosFlag,
+	},
+	Description: `
+This command rolls an app back to a previous version if one exists.
+
+You may pass "--force/-f" to downgrade to the same version again. This can be
+useful if the container runtime has gotten into a weird state.
+
+This action could be destructive, please ensure you have a copy of your app
+data beforehand - see "abra app backup <app>" for more.
+
+Chas mode ("--chaos") will deploy your local checkout of a recipe as-is,
+including unstaged changes and can be useful for live hacking and testing new
+recipes.
+`,
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		appNames, err := config.GetAppNames()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Warn(err)
+		}
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for _, a := range appNames {
+			fmt.Println(a)
+		}
+	},
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+		stackName := app.StackName()
+
+		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		logrus.Debugf("checking whether '%s' is already deployed", stackName)
+
+		isDeployed, deployedVersion, err := stack.IsDeployed(c.Context, cl, stackName)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !isDeployed {
+			logrus.Fatalf("'%s' is not deployed?", app.Name)
+		}
+
+		versions, err := catalogue.GetRecipeCatalogueVersions(app.Type)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		var availableDowngrades []string
+		if deployedVersion == "" {
+			deployedVersion = "unknown"
+			availableDowngrades = versions
+			logrus.Warnf("failed to determine version of deployed '%s'", app.Name)
+		}
+
+		if deployedVersion != "unknown" && !internal.Chaos {
+			for _, version := range versions {
+				parsedDeployedVersion, err := tagcmp.Parse(deployedVersion)
+				if err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				parsedVersion, err := tagcmp.Parse(version)
+				if err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				if parsedVersion != parsedDeployedVersion && parsedVersion.IsLessThan(parsedDeployedVersion) {
+					availableDowngrades = append(availableDowngrades, version)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if len(availableDowngrades) == 0 {
+				logrus.Fatal("no available downgrades, you're on latest")
+			}
+		}
+
+		// FIXME: jeezus golang why do you not have a list reverse function
+		for i, j := 0, len(availableDowngrades)-1; i < j; i, j = i+1, j-1 {
+			availableDowngrades[i], availableDowngrades[j] = availableDowngrades[j], availableDowngrades[i]
+		}
+
+		var chosenDowngrade string
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if internal.Force {
+				chosenDowngrade = availableDowngrades[0]
+				logrus.Debugf("choosing '%s' as version to downgrade to (--force)", chosenDowngrade)
+			} else {
+				prompt := &survey.Select{
+					Message: fmt.Sprintf("Please select a downgrade (current version: '%s'):", deployedVersion),
+					Options: availableDowngrades,
+				}
+				if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &chosenDowngrade); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureVersion(app.Type, chosenDowngrade); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		if internal.Chaos {
+			logrus.Warn("chaos mode engaged")
+			var err error
+			chosenDowngrade, err = recipe.ChaosVersion(app.Type)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		abraShPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/%s", config.APPS_DIR, app.Type, "abra.sh")
+		abraShEnv, err := config.ReadAbraShEnvVars(abraShPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		for k, v := range abraShEnv {
+			app.Env[k] = v
+		}
+
+		composeFiles, err := config.GetAppComposeFiles(app.Type, app.Env)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		deployOpts := stack.Deploy{
+			Composefiles: composeFiles,
+			Namespace:    stackName,
+			Prune:        false,
+			ResolveImage: stack.ResolveImageAlways,
+		}
+		compose, err := config.GetAppComposeConfig(app.Name, deployOpts, app.Env)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !internal.Force {
+			if err := internal.NewVersionOverview(app, deployedVersion, chosenDowngrade); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		if err := stack.RunDeploy(cl, deployOpts, compose); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	},
 }

cli/app/run.go

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 package app
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client/container"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/container"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
@@ -42,25 +42,33 @@ var appRunCommand = &cli.Command{
 		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
 
 		if c.Args().Len() < 2 {
-			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no <service> provided"))
+			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no <service> provided?"))
+		}
+
+		if c.Args().Len() < 3 {
+			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no <args> provided?"))
 		}
 
-		ctx := context.Background()
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
 		serviceName := c.Args().Get(1)
+		stackAndServiceName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", app.StackName(), serviceName)
 		filters := filters.NewArgs()
-		filters.Add("name", fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", app.StackName(), serviceName))
+		filters.Add("name", stackAndServiceName)
 
-		containers, err := cl.ContainerList(ctx, types.ContainerListOptions{Filters: filters})
+		containers, err := cl.ContainerList(c.Context, types.ContainerListOptions{Filters: filters})
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
+
+		if len(containers) == 0 {
+			logrus.Fatalf("no containers matching '%s' found?", stackAndServiceName)
+		}
 		if len(containers) > 1 {
-			logrus.Fatalf("expected 1 container but got %d", len(containers))
+			logrus.Fatalf("expected 1 container matching '%s' but got %d", stackAndServiceName, len(containers))
 		}
 
 		cmd := c.Args().Slice()[2:]
@@ -96,4 +104,25 @@ var appRunCommand = &cli.Command{
 
 		return nil
 	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		switch c.NArg() {
+		case 0:
+			appNames, err := config.GetAppNames()
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Warn(err)
+			}
+			for _, a := range appNames {
+				fmt.Println(a)
+			}
+		case 1:
+			appName := c.Args().First()
+			serviceNames, err := config.GetAppServiceNames(appName)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Warn(err)
+			}
+			for _, s := range serviceNames {
+				fmt.Println(s)
+			}
+		}
+	},
 }

cli/app/secret.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package app
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
@@ -10,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	abraFormatter "coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/secret"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
@@ -82,13 +82,13 @@ var appSecretGenerateCommand = &cli.Command{
 			os.Exit(1)
 		}
 
-		tableCol := []string{"Name", "Value"}
+		tableCol := []string{"name", "value"}
 		table := abraFormatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
 		for name, val := range secretVals {
 			table.Append([]string{name, val})
 		}
 		table.Render()
-		logrus.Warn("these secrets are not shown again, please take note of them *now*")
+		logrus.Warn("generated secrets are not shown again, please take note of them *now*")
 
 		return nil
 	},
@@ -99,7 +99,19 @@ var appSecretInsertCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Aliases:   []string{"i"},
 	Usage:     "Insert secret",
 	Flags:     []cli.Flag{internal.PassFlag},
-	ArgsUsage: "<secret> <version> <data>",
+	ArgsUsage: "<app> <secret-name> <version> <data>",
+	Description: `
+This command inserts a secret into an app environment.
+
+This can be useful when you want to manually generate secrets for an app
+environment. Typically, you can let Abra generate them for you on app creation
+(see "abra app new --secrets" for more).
+
+Example:
+
+    abra app secret insert myapp db_pass v1 mySecretPassword
+
+`,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
 		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
 
@@ -131,19 +143,26 @@ var appSecretRmCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Usage:     "Remove a secret",
 	Aliases:   []string{"rm"},
 	Flags:     []cli.Flag{allSecretsFlag, internal.PassFlag},
-	ArgsUsage: "<secret>",
+	ArgsUsage: "<app> <secret-name>",
+	Description: `
+This command removes a secret from an app environment.
+
+Example:
+
+    abra app secret remove myapp db_pass
+
+`,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
 		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
 
 		if c.Args().Get(1) != "" && allSecrets {
-			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("cannot use '<secret>' and '--all' together"))
+			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("cannot use '<secret-name>' and '--all' together"))
 		}
 
 		if c.Args().Get(1) == "" && !allSecrets {
 			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no secret(s) specified?"))
 		}
 
-		ctx := context.Background()
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
@@ -151,7 +170,7 @@ var appSecretRmCommand = &cli.Command{
 
 		filters := filters.NewArgs()
 		filters.Add("name", app.StackName())
-		secretList, err := cl.SecretList(ctx, types.SecretListOptions{Filters: filters})
+		secretList, err := cl.SecretList(c.Context, types.SecretListOptions{Filters: filters})
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -161,7 +180,7 @@ var appSecretRmCommand = &cli.Command{
 			secretName := cont.Spec.Annotations.Name
 			parsed := secret.ParseGeneratedSecretName(secretName, app)
 			if allSecrets {
-				if err := cl.SecretRemove(ctx, secretName); err != nil {
+				if err := cl.SecretRemove(c.Context, secretName); err != nil {
 					logrus.Fatal(err)
 				}
 				if internal.Pass {
@@ -171,7 +190,7 @@ var appSecretRmCommand = &cli.Command{
 				}
 			} else {
 				if parsed == secretToRm {
-					if err := cl.SecretRemove(ctx, secretName); err != nil {
+					if err := cl.SecretRemove(c.Context, secretName); err != nil {
 						logrus.Fatal(err)
 					}
 					if internal.Pass {
@@ -198,7 +217,6 @@ var appSecretLsCommand = &cli.Command{
 		tableCol := []string{"Name", "Version", "Generated Name", "Created On Server"}
 		table := abraFormatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
 
-		ctx := context.Background()
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
@@ -206,7 +224,7 @@ var appSecretLsCommand = &cli.Command{
 
 		filters := filters.NewArgs()
 		filters.Add("name", app.StackName())
-		secretList, err := cl.SecretList(ctx, types.SecretListOptions{Filters: filters})
+		secretList, err := cl.SecretList(c.Context, types.SecretListOptions{Filters: filters})
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -234,6 +252,18 @@ var appSecretLsCommand = &cli.Command{
 		table.Render()
 		return nil
 	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		appNames, err := config.GetAppNames()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Warn(err)
+		}
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for _, a := range appNames {
+			fmt.Println(a)
+		}
+	},
 }
 
 var appSecretCommand = &cli.Command{

cli/app/undeploy.go

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 package app
 
 import (
-	"context"
+	"fmt"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
-	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client/stack"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
@@ -21,18 +22,45 @@ volumes as eligiblef or pruning once undeployed.
 `,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
 		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+		stackName := app.StackName()
 
-		ctx := context.Background()
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
+		logrus.Debugf("checking whether '%s' is already deployed", stackName)
+
+		isDeployed, deployedVersion, err := stack.IsDeployed(c.Context, cl, stackName)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !isDeployed {
+			logrus.Fatalf("'%s' is not deployed?", stackName)
+		}
+
+		if err := internal.DeployOverview(app, deployedVersion, "continue with undeploy?"); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
 		rmOpts := stack.Remove{Namespaces: []string{app.StackName()}}
-		if err := stack.RunRemove(ctx, cl, rmOpts); err != nil {
+		if err := stack.RunRemove(c.Context, cl, rmOpts); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
 		return nil
 	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		appNames, err := config.GetAppNames()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Warn(err)
+		}
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for _, a := range appNames {
+			fmt.Println(a)
+		}
+	},
 }

cli/app/upgrade.go

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+package app
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/catalogue"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
+	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
+	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+var appUpgradeCommand = &cli.Command{
+	Name:      "upgrade",
+	Aliases:   []string{"u"},
+	Usage:     "Upgrade an app",
+	ArgsUsage: "<app>",
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.ForceFlag,
+		internal.ChaosFlag,
+	},
+	Description: `
+This command supports upgrading an app. You can use it to choose and roll out a
+new upgrade to an existing app.
+
+This command specifically supports changing the version of running apps, as
+opposed to "abra app deploy <app>" which will not change the version of a
+deployed app.
+
+You may pass "--force/-f" to upgrade to the same version again. This can be
+useful if the container runtime has gotten into a weird state.
+
+This action could be destructive, please ensure you have a copy of your app
+data beforehand - see "abra app backup <app>" for more.
+
+Chas mode ("--chaos") will deploy your local checkout of a recipe as-is,
+including unstaged changes and can be useful for live hacking and testing new
+recipes.
+`,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+		stackName := app.StackName()
+
+		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		logrus.Debugf("checking whether '%s' is already deployed", stackName)
+
+		isDeployed, deployedVersion, err := stack.IsDeployed(c.Context, cl, stackName)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !isDeployed {
+			logrus.Fatalf("'%s' is not deployed?", app.Name)
+		}
+
+		versions, err := catalogue.GetRecipeCatalogueVersions(app.Type)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if len(versions) == 0 && !internal.Chaos {
+			logrus.Fatalf("no versions available '%s' in recipe catalogue?", app.Type)
+		}
+
+		var availableUpgrades []string
+		if deployedVersion == "" {
+			deployedVersion = "unknown"
+			availableUpgrades = versions
+			logrus.Warnf("failed to determine version of deployed '%s'", app.Name)
+		}
+
+		if deployedVersion != "unknown" && !internal.Chaos {
+			for _, version := range versions {
+				parsedDeployedVersion, err := tagcmp.Parse(deployedVersion)
+				if err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				parsedVersion, err := tagcmp.Parse(version)
+				if err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				if parsedVersion.IsGreaterThan(parsedDeployedVersion) {
+					availableUpgrades = append(availableUpgrades, version)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if len(availableUpgrades) == 0 && !internal.Force {
+				logrus.Fatal("no available upgrades, you're on latest")
+				availableUpgrades = versions
+			}
+		}
+
+		var chosenUpgrade string
+		if len(availableUpgrades) > 0 && !internal.Chaos {
+			if internal.Force {
+				chosenUpgrade = availableUpgrades[len(availableUpgrades)-1]
+				logrus.Debugf("choosing '%s' as version to upgrade to", chosenUpgrade)
+			} else {
+				prompt := &survey.Select{
+					Message: fmt.Sprintf("Please select an upgrade (current version: '%s'):", deployedVersion),
+					Options: availableUpgrades,
+				}
+				if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &chosenUpgrade); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureVersion(app.Type, chosenUpgrade); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		if internal.Chaos {
+			logrus.Warn("chaos mode engaged")
+			var err error
+			chosenUpgrade, err = recipe.ChaosVersion(app.Type)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		abraShPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/%s", config.APPS_DIR, app.Type, "abra.sh")
+		abraShEnv, err := config.ReadAbraShEnvVars(abraShPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		for k, v := range abraShEnv {
+			app.Env[k] = v
+		}
+
+		composeFiles, err := config.GetAppComposeFiles(app.Type, app.Env)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		deployOpts := stack.Deploy{
+			Composefiles: composeFiles,
+			Namespace:    stackName,
+			Prune:        false,
+			ResolveImage: stack.ResolveImageAlways,
+		}
+		compose, err := config.GetAppComposeConfig(app.Name, deployOpts, app.Env)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if err := internal.NewVersionOverview(app, deployedVersion, chosenUpgrade); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if err := stack.RunDeploy(cl, deployOpts, compose); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		appNames, err := config.GetAppNames()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Warn(err)
+		}
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for _, a := range appNames {
+			fmt.Println(a)
+		}
+	},
+}

cli/app/version.go

@@ -2,13 +2,14 @@ package app
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"sort"
 	"strings"
 
 	abraFormatter "coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client/stack"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/catalogue"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"github.com/docker/distribution/reference"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
@@ -24,84 +25,80 @@ func getImagePath(image string) (string, error) {
 	if strings.Contains(path, "library") {
 		path = strings.Split(path, "/")[1]
 	}
+	logrus.Debugf("parsed '%s' from '%s'", path, image)
 	return path, nil
 }
 
-// parseVersionLabel parses a $STACK_NAME_$SERVICE_NAME service label
-func parseServiceName(label string) string {
-	idx := strings.LastIndex(label, "_")
-	return label[idx+1:]
-}
-
-// parseVersionLabel parses a $VERSION-$DIGEST service label
-func parseVersionLabel(label string) (string, string) {
-	// versions may look like v4.2-abcd or v4.2-alpine-abcd
-	idx := strings.LastIndex(label, "-")
-	return label[:idx], label[idx+1:]
-}
-
 var appVersionCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Name:    "version",
 	Aliases: []string{"v"},
-	Usage:   "Show version of all services in app",
+	Usage:   "Show app versions",
+	Description: `
+This command shows all information about versioning related to a deployed app.
+This includes the individual image names, tags and digests. But also the Co-op
+Cloud recipe version.
+`,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
 		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+		stackName := app.StackName()
 
-		composeFiles, err := config.GetAppComposeFiles(app.Type, app.Env)
+		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-		opts := stack.Deploy{Composefiles: composeFiles}
-		compose, err := config.GetAppComposeConfig(app.Type, opts, app.Env)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		ch := make(chan stack.StackStatus, len(compose.Services))
+		logrus.Debugf("checking whether '%s' is already deployed", stackName)
-		for _, service := range compose.Services {
+
-			label := fmt.Sprintf("coop-cloud.%s.%s.version", app.StackName(), service.Name)
+		isDeployed, deployedVersion, err := stack.IsDeployed(c.Context, cl, stackName)
-			go func(s string, l string) {
+		if err != nil {
-				ch <- stack.GetDeployedServicesByLabel(s, l)
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}(app.Server, label)
 		}
 
-		tableCol := []string{"Name", "Image", "Version", "Digest"}
+		if deployedVersion == "" {
+			logrus.Fatalf("failed to determine version of deployed '%s'", app.Name)
+		}
+
+		if !isDeployed {
+			logrus.Fatalf("'%s' is not deployed?", app.Name)
+		}
+
+		recipeMeta, err := catalogue.GetRecipeMeta(app.Type)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		versionsMeta := make(map[string]catalogue.ServiceMeta)
+		for _, recipeVersion := range recipeMeta.Versions {
+			if currentVersion, exists := recipeVersion[deployedVersion]; exists {
+				versionsMeta = currentVersion
+			}
+		}
+
+		if len(versionsMeta) == 0 {
+			logrus.Fatalf("PANIC: could not retrieve deployed version ('%s') from recipe catalogue?", deployedVersion)
+		}
+
+		tableCol := []string{"name", "image", "version", "tag", "digest"}
 		table := abraFormatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
 
-		statuses := make(map[string]stack.StackStatus)
+		for serviceName, versionMeta := range versionsMeta {
-		for range compose.Services {
+			table.Append([]string{serviceName, versionMeta.Image, deployedVersion, versionMeta.Tag, versionMeta.Digest})
-			status := <-ch
-			if len(status.Services) > 0 {
-				serviceName := parseServiceName(status.Services[0].Spec.Name)
-				statuses[serviceName] = status
-			}
-		}
-
-		sort.SliceStable(compose.Services, func(i, j int) bool {
-			return compose.Services[i].Name < compose.Services[j].Name
-		})
-
-		for _, service := range compose.Services {
-			if status, ok := statuses[service.Name]; ok {
-				statusService := status.Services[0]
-				label := fmt.Sprintf("coop-cloud.%s.%s.version", app.StackName(), service.Name)
-				version, digest := parseVersionLabel(statusService.Spec.Labels[label])
-				image, err := getImagePath(statusService.Spec.Labels["com.docker.stack.image"])
-				if err != nil {
-					logrus.Fatal(err)
-				}
-				table.Append([]string{service.Name, image, version, digest})
-				continue
-			}
-
-			image, err := getImagePath(service.Image)
-			if err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-			table.Append([]string{service.Name, image, "?", "?"})
 		}
 
 		table.Render()
+
 		return nil
 	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		appNames, err := config.GetAppNames()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Warn(err)
+		}
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for _, a := range appNames {
+			fmt.Println(a)
+		}
+	},
 }

cli/app/volume.go

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 package app
 
 import (
-	"context"
+	"fmt"
 
 	abraFormatter "coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
@@ -13,18 +14,17 @@ import (
 
 var appVolumeListCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Name:    "list",
-	Usage:   "list volumes associated with an app",
+	Usage:   "List volumes associated with an app",
 	Aliases: []string{"ls"},
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
 		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
 
-		ctx := context.Background()
+		volumeList, err := client.GetVolumes(c.Context, app.Server, app.Name)
-		volumeList, err := client.GetVolumes(ctx, app.Server, app.Name)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		table := abraFormatter.CreateTable([]string{"DRIVER", "VOLUME NAME"})
+		table := abraFormatter.CreateTable([]string{"driver", "volume name"})
 		var volTable [][]string
 		for _, volume := range volumeList {
 			volRow := []string{
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ var appVolumeListCommand = &cli.Command{
 
 var appVolumeRemoveCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Name:    "remove",
-	Usage:   "remove volume(s) associated with an app",
+	Usage:   "Remove volume(s) associated with an app",
 	Aliases: []string{"rm"},
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.ForceFlag,
@@ -51,8 +51,7 @@ var appVolumeRemoveCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
 		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
 
-		ctx := context.Background()
+		volumeList, err := client.GetVolumes(c.Context, app.Server, app.Name)
-		volumeList, err := client.GetVolumes(ctx, app.Server, app.Name)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -61,7 +60,7 @@ var appVolumeRemoveCommand = &cli.Command{
 		var volumesToRemove []string
 		if !internal.Force {
 			volumesPrompt := &survey.MultiSelect{
-				Message: "Which volumes do you want to remove?",
+				Message: "which volumes do you want to remove?",
 				Options: volumeNames,
 				Default: volumeNames,
 			}
@@ -72,20 +71,32 @@ var appVolumeRemoveCommand = &cli.Command{
 			volumesToRemove = volumeNames
 		}
 
-		err = client.RemoveVolumes(ctx, app.Server, volumesToRemove, internal.Force)
+		err = client.RemoveVolumes(c.Context, app.Server, volumesToRemove, internal.Force)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		logrus.Info("Volumes removed successfully.")
+		logrus.Info("volumes removed successfully")
 
 		return nil
 	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		appNames, err := config.GetAppNames()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Warn(err)
+		}
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for _, a := range appNames {
+			fmt.Println(a)
+		}
+	},
 }
 
 var appVolumeCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Name:      "volume",
-	Aliases:   []string{"v"},
+	Aliases:   []string{"vl"},
 	Usage:     "Manage app volumes",
 	ArgsUsage: "<command>",
 	Subcommands: []*cli.Command{

cli/autocomplete.go

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+package cli
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+// downloadFile downloads a file brah
+func downloadFile(filepath string, url string) (err error) {
+	out, err := os.Create(filepath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer out.Close()
+
+	resp, err := http.Get(url)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return fmt.Errorf("bad status: %s", resp.Status)
+	}
+
+	_, err = io.Copy(out, resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// AutoCompleteCommand helps people set up auto-complete in their shells
+var AutoCompleteCommand = &cli.Command{
+	Name:    "autocomplete",
+	Usage:   "Help set up shell autocompletion",
+	Aliases: []string{"ac"},
+	Description: `
+This command helps set up autocompletion in your shell by downloading the
+relevant autocompletion files and laying out what additional information must
+be loaded.
+
+Example:
+
+    abra autocomplete bash
+
+Supported shells are as follows:
+
+		fish
+		zsh
+    bash
+`,
+	ArgsUsage: "<shell>",
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		shellType := c.Args().First()
+
+		if shellType == "" {
+			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no shell provided"))
+		}
+
+		supportedShells := map[string]bool{
+			"bash": true,
+			"zsh":  true,
+			"fish": true,
+		}
+
+		if _, ok := supportedShells[shellType]; !ok {
+			logrus.Fatalf("%s is not a supported shell right now, sorry", shellType)
+		}
+
+		if shellType == "fish" {
+			shellType = "zsh" // handled the same on the autocompletion side
+		}
+
+		autocompletionDir := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "autocompletion")
+		if err := os.Mkdir(autocompletionDir, 0755); err != nil {
+			if !os.IsExist(err) {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			logrus.Debugf("'%s' already created, moving on...", autocompletionDir)
+		}
+
+		autocompletionFile := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "autocompletion", shellType)
+		if _, err := os.Stat(autocompletionFile); err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			url := fmt.Sprintf("https://git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/abra/raw/branch/main/scripts/autocomplete/%s", shellType)
+			logrus.Infof("fetching %s", url)
+			if err := downloadFile(autocompletionFile, url); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		switch shellType {
+		case "bash":
+			fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf(`
+# Run the following commands to install autocompletion
+sudo mkdir /etc/bash/completion.d/
+sudo cp %s /etc/bash_completion.d/abra
+echo "source /etc/bash/completion.d/abra" >> ~/.bashrc
+`, autocompletionFile))
+		case "zsh":
+			fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf(`
+# Run the following commands to install autocompletion
+sudo mkdir /etc/zsh/completion.d/
+sudo cp %s /etc/zsh/completion.d/abra
+echo "PROG=abra\n_CLI_ZSH_AUTOCOMPLETE_HACK=1\nsource /etc/zsh/completion.d/abra" >> ~/.zshrc
+`, autocompletionFile))
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	},
+}

cli/catalogue/catalogue.go

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package catalogue
+
+import (
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+// CatalogueCommand defines the `abra catalogue` command and sub-commands.
+var CatalogueCommand = &cli.Command{
+	Name:        "catalogue",
+	Usage:       "Manage the recipe catalogue (for maintainers)",
+	Aliases:     []string{"c"},
+	ArgsUsage:   "<recipe>",
+	Description: "This command helps recipe packagers interact with the recipe catalogue",
+	Subcommands: []*cli.Command{
+		catalogueGenerateCommand,
+	},
+}

cli/catalogue/generate.go

@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+package catalogue
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/catalogue"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	gitPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/git"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/limit"
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+// CatalogueSkipList is all the repos that are not recipes.
+var CatalogueSkipList = map[string]bool{
+	"abra":                  true,
+	"abra-bash":             true,
+	"abra-apps":             true,
+	"abra-aur":              true,
+	"abra-capsul":           true,
+	"abra-gandi":            true,
+	"abra-hetzner":          true,
+	"apps":                  true,
+	"aur-abra-git":          true,
+	"auto-apps-json":        true,
+	"auto-mirror":           true,
+	"backup-bot":            true,
+	"backup-bot-two":        true,
+	"coopcloud.tech":        true,
+	"coturn":                true,
+	"docker-cp-deploy":      true,
+	"docker-dind-bats-kcov": true,
+	"docs.coopcloud.tech":   true,
+	"example":               true,
+	"gardening":             true,
+	"go-abra":               true,
+	"organising":            true,
+	"pyabra":                true,
+	"radicle-seed-node":     true,
+	"stack-ssh-deploy":      true,
+	"swarm-cronjob":         true,
+	"tagcmp":                true,
+	"tyop":                  true,
+}
+
+var commit bool
+var commitFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "commit",
+	Usage:       "Commits new generated catalogue changes",
+	Value:       false,
+	Aliases:     []string{"c"},
+	Destination: &commit,
+}
+
+var catalogueGenerateCommand = &cli.Command{
+	Name:    "generate",
+	Aliases: []string{"g"},
+	Usage:   "Generate a new copy of the catalogue",
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.PushFlag,
+		commitFlag,
+		internal.CommitMessageFlag,
+	},
+	Description: `
+This command generates a new copy of the recipe catalogue which can be found on:
+
+    https://recipes.coopcloud.tech
+
+It polls the entire git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/... recipe repository
+listing, parses README and tags to produce recipe metadata and produces a
+apps.json file which is placed in your ~/.abra/catalogue/recipes.json.
+
+It is possible to generate new metadata for a single recipe by passing
+<recipe>. The existing local catalogue will be updated, not overwritten.
+
+A new catalogue copy can be published to the recipes repository by passing the
+"--commit" and "--push" flags. The recipes repository is available here:
+
+    https://git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/recipes
+
+`,
+	ArgsUsage: "[<recipe>]",
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		recipeName := c.Args().First()
+
+		catalogueDir := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "catalogue")
+		url := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s.git", config.REPOS_BASE_URL, "recipes")
+		if err := gitPkg.Clone(catalogueDir, url); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		repos, err := catalogue.ReadReposMetadata()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		logrus.Debugf("ensuring '%v' recipe(s) are locally present and up-to-date", len(repos))
+
+		cloneLimiter := limit.New(10)
+		retrieveBar := formatter.CreateProgressbar(len(repos), "retrieving recipes...")
+		ch := make(chan string, len(repos))
+		for _, repoMeta := range repos {
+			go func(rm catalogue.RepoMeta) {
+				cloneLimiter.Begin()
+				defer cloneLimiter.End()
+
+				if recipeName != "" && recipeName != rm.Name {
+					ch <- rm.Name
+					retrieveBar.Add(1)
+					return
+				}
+				if _, exists := CatalogueSkipList[rm.Name]; exists {
+					ch <- rm.Name
+					retrieveBar.Add(1)
+					return
+				}
+
+				recipeDir := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "apps", rm.Name)
+
+				if err := gitPkg.Clone(recipeDir, rm.SSHURL); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				if err := gitPkg.EnsureUpToDate(recipeDir); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				ch <- rm.Name
+				retrieveBar.Add(1)
+			}(repoMeta)
+		}
+
+		for range repos {
+			<-ch // wait for everything
+		}
+
+		catl := make(catalogue.RecipeCatalogue)
+		catlBar := formatter.CreateProgressbar(len(repos), "generating catalogue...")
+		for _, recipeMeta := range repos {
+			if recipeName != "" && recipeName != recipeMeta.Name {
+				catlBar.Add(1)
+				continue
+			}
+
+			if _, exists := CatalogueSkipList[recipeMeta.Name]; exists {
+				catlBar.Add(1)
+				continue
+			}
+
+			versions, err := catalogue.GetRecipeVersions(recipeMeta.Name)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			catl[recipeMeta.Name] = catalogue.RecipeMeta{
+				Name:          recipeMeta.Name,
+				Repository:    recipeMeta.CloneURL,
+				Icon:          recipeMeta.AvatarURL,
+				DefaultBranch: recipeMeta.DefaultBranch,
+				Description:   recipeMeta.Description,
+				Website:       recipeMeta.Website,
+				Versions:      versions,
+				// Category:      ..., // FIXME: parse & load
+				// Features:      ..., // FIXME: parse & load
+			}
+			catlBar.Add(1)
+		}
+
+		recipesJSON, err := json.MarshalIndent(catl, "", "    ")
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if _, err := os.Stat(config.APPS_JSON); err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			if err := ioutil.WriteFile(config.APPS_JSON, recipesJSON, 0644); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		} else {
+			if recipeName != "" {
+				catlFS, err := catalogue.ReadRecipeCatalogue()
+				if err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				catlFS[recipeName] = catl[recipeName]
+
+				updatedRecipesJSON, err := json.MarshalIndent(catlFS, "", "    ")
+				if err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				if err := ioutil.WriteFile(config.APPS_JSON, updatedRecipesJSON, 0644); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		cataloguePath := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "catalogue", "recipes.json")
+		logrus.Infof("generated new recipe catalogue in %s", cataloguePath)
+
+		if commit {
+			repoPath := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "catalogue")
+			commitRepo, err := git.PlainOpen(repoPath)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			commitWorktree, err := commitRepo.Worktree()
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if internal.CommitMessage == "" {
+				prompt := &survey.Input{
+					Message: "commit message",
+					Default: "chore: publish new catalogue changes",
+				}
+				if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &internal.CommitMessage); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			err = commitWorktree.AddGlob("**.json")
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			logrus.Debug("staged **.json for commit")
+
+			_, err = commitWorktree.Commit(internal.CommitMessage, &git.CommitOptions{})
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			logrus.Info("changes commited")
+
+			if err := commitRepo.Push(&git.PushOptions{}); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			logrus.Info("changes pushed")
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		catl, err := catalogue.ReadRecipeCatalogue()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Warn(err)
+		}
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for name := range catl {
+			fmt.Println(name)
+		}
+	},
+}

cli/cli.go

@@ -4,10 +4,16 @@ package cli
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"path"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/app"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/catalogue"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/recipe"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/record"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/server"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	logrusStack "github.com/Gurpartap/logrus-stack"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
@@ -36,8 +42,7 @@ var DebugFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 	Usage:       "Show DEBUG messages",
 }
 
-// RunApp runs CLI abra app.
+func newAbraApp(version, commit string) *cli.App {
-func RunApp(version, commit string) {
 	app := &cli.App{
 		Name: "abra",
 		Usage: `The Co-op Cloud command-line utility belt 🎩🐇
@@ -54,22 +59,63 @@ func RunApp(version, commit string) {
 			app.AppCommand,
 			server.ServerCommand,
 			recipe.RecipeCommand,
-			VersionCommand,
+			catalogue.CatalogueCommand,
+			record.RecordCommand,
 			UpgradeCommand,
+			AutoCompleteCommand,
 		},
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{
 			VerboseFlag,
 			DebugFlag,
+			internal.NoInputFlag,
 		},
 		Authors: []*cli.Author{
-			&cli.Author{
+			{Name: "3wordchant"},
-				Name:  "Autonomic Co-op",
+			{Name: "decentral1se"},
-				Email: "helo@autonomic.zone",
+			{Name: "knoflook"},
-			},
+			{Name: "roxxers"},
 		},
 	}
+
 	app.EnableBashCompletion = true
 
+	app.Before = func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		if Debug {
+			logrus.SetLevel(logrus.DebugLevel)
+			logrus.SetFormatter(&logrus.TextFormatter{})
+			logrus.SetOutput(os.Stderr)
+			logrus.AddHook(logrusStack.StandardHook())
+		}
+
+		paths := []string{
+			config.ABRA_DIR,
+			path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "servers"),
+			path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "apps"),
+			path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "vendor"),
+		}
+
+		for _, path := range paths {
+			if err := os.Mkdir(path, 0755); err != nil {
+				if !os.IsExist(err) {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				logrus.Debugf("'%s' already created, moving on...", path)
+				continue
+			}
+			logrus.Debugf("'%s' is missing, creating...", path)
+		}
+
+		logrus.Debugf("abra version '%s', commit '%s'", version, commit)
+
+		return nil
+	}
+	return app
+}
+
+// RunApp runs CLI abra app.
+func RunApp(version, commit string) {
+	app := newAbraApp(version, commit)
+
 	if err := app.Run(os.Args); err != nil {
 		logrus.Fatal(err)
 	}

cli/formatter/formatter.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command/formatter"
 	"github.com/docker/go-units"
 	"github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter"
+	"github.com/schollz/progressbar/v3"
 )
 
 func ShortenID(str string) string {
@@ -19,6 +20,10 @@ func Truncate(str string) string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf(`"%s"`, formatter.Ellipsis(str, 19))
 }
 
+func SmallSHA(hash string) string {
+	return hash[:8]
+}
+
 // RemoveSha remove image sha from a string that are added in some docker outputs
 func RemoveSha(str string) string {
 	return strings.Split(str, "@")[0]
@@ -31,8 +36,21 @@ func HumanDuration(timestamp int64) string {
 	return units.HumanDuration(now.Sub(date)) + " ago"
 }
 
+// CreateTable prepares a table layout for output.
 func CreateTable(columns []string) *tablewriter.Table {
 	table := tablewriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
 	table.SetHeader(columns)
 	return table
 }
+
+// CreateProgressbar generates a progress bar
+func CreateProgressbar(length int, title string) *progressbar.ProgressBar {
+	return progressbar.NewOptions(
+		length,
+		progressbar.OptionClearOnFinish(),
+		progressbar.OptionSetPredictTime(false),
+		progressbar.OptionShowCount(),
+		progressbar.OptionFullWidth(),
+		progressbar.OptionSetDescription(title),
+	)
+}

cli/internal/command.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"os/exec"
 )
 
+// RunCmd runs a shell command and streams stdout/stderr in real-time.
 func RunCmd(cmd *exec.Cmd) error {
 	r, err := cmd.StdoutPipe()
 	if err != nil {

cli/internal/common.go

@@ -49,3 +49,213 @@ var ForceFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 	Aliases:     []string{"f"},
 	Destination: &Force,
 }
+
+// Chaos engages chaos mode.
+var Chaos bool
+
+// ChaosFlag turns on/off chaos functionality.
+var ChaosFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "chaos",
+	Value:       false,
+	Aliases:     []string{"ch"},
+	Usage:       "Deploy uncommitted recipes changes. Use with care!",
+	Destination: &Chaos,
+}
+
+// DNSProvider specifies a DNS provider.
+var DNSProvider string
+
+// DNSProviderFlag selects a DNS provider.
+var DNSProviderFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "provider",
+	Value:       "",
+	Aliases:     []string{"p"},
+	Usage:       "DNS provider",
+	Destination: &DNSProvider,
+}
+
+var NoInput bool
+var NoInputFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "no-input",
+	Value:       false,
+	Aliases:     []string{"n"},
+	Usage:       "Toggle non-interactive mode",
+	Destination: &NoInput,
+}
+
+var DNSType string
+
+var DNSTypeFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "type",
+	Value:       "",
+	Aliases:     []string{"t"},
+	Usage:       "Domain name record type (e.g. A)",
+	Destination: &DNSType,
+}
+
+var DNSName string
+
+var DNSNameFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "name",
+	Value:       "",
+	Aliases:     []string{"n"},
+	Usage:       "Domain name record name (e.g. mysubdomain)",
+	Destination: &DNSName,
+}
+
+var DNSValue string
+
+var DNSValueFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "value",
+	Value:       "",
+	Aliases:     []string{"v"},
+	Usage:       "Domain name record value (e.g. 192.168.1.1)",
+	Destination: &DNSValue,
+}
+
+var DNSTTL int
+
+var DNSTTLFlag = &cli.IntFlag{
+	Name:        "ttl",
+	Value:       86400,
+	Aliases:     []string{"T"},
+	Usage:       "Domain name TTL value)",
+	Destination: &DNSTTL,
+}
+
+var DNSPriority int
+
+var DNSPriorityFlag = &cli.IntFlag{
+	Name:        "priority",
+	Value:       10,
+	Aliases:     []string{"P"},
+	Usage:       "Domain name priority value",
+	Destination: &DNSPriority,
+}
+
+var ServerProvider string
+
+var ServerProviderFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "provider",
+	Aliases:     []string{"p"},
+	Usage:       "3rd party server provider",
+	Destination: &ServerProvider,
+}
+
+var CapsulInstanceURL string
+
+var CapsulInstanceURLFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "capsul-url",
+	Value:       "yolo.servers.coop",
+	Aliases:     []string{"cu"},
+	Usage:       "capsul instance URL",
+	Destination: &CapsulInstanceURL,
+}
+
+var CapsulName string
+
+var CapsulNameFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "capsul-name",
+	Value:       "",
+	Aliases:     []string{"cn"},
+	Usage:       "capsul name",
+	Destination: &CapsulName,
+}
+
+var CapsulType string
+
+var CapsulTypeFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "capsul-type",
+	Value:       "f1-xs",
+	Aliases:     []string{"ct"},
+	Usage:       "capsul type",
+	Destination: &CapsulType,
+}
+
+var CapsulImage string
+
+var CapsulImageFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "capsul-image",
+	Value:       "debian10",
+	Aliases:     []string{"ci"},
+	Usage:       "capsul image",
+	Destination: &CapsulImage,
+}
+
+var CapsulSSHKeys cli.StringSlice
+
+var CapsulSSHKeysFlag = &cli.StringSliceFlag{
+	Name:        "capsul-ssh-keys",
+	Aliases:     []string{"cs"},
+	Usage:       "capsul SSH key",
+	Destination: &CapsulSSHKeys,
+}
+
+var CapsulAPIToken string
+
+var CapsulAPITokenFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "capsul-token",
+	Aliases:     []string{"ca"},
+	Usage:       "capsul API token",
+	EnvVars:     []string{"CAPSUL_TOKEN"},
+	Destination: &CapsulAPIToken,
+}
+
+var HetznerCloudName string
+
+var HetznerCloudNameFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "hetzner-name",
+	Value:       "",
+	Aliases:     []string{"hn"},
+	Usage:       "hetzner cloud name",
+	Destination: &HetznerCloudName,
+}
+
+var HetznerCloudType string
+
+var HetznerCloudTypeFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "hetzner-type",
+	Aliases:     []string{"ht"},
+	Usage:       "hetzner cloud type",
+	Destination: &HetznerCloudType,
+	Value:       "cx11",
+}
+
+var HetznerCloudImage string
+
+var HetznerCloudImageFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "hetzner-image",
+	Aliases:     []string{"hi"},
+	Usage:       "hetzner cloud image",
+	Value:       "debian-10",
+	Destination: &HetznerCloudImage,
+}
+
+var HetznerCloudSSHKeys cli.StringSlice
+
+var HetznerCloudSSHKeysFlag = &cli.StringSliceFlag{
+	Name:        "hetzner-ssh-keys",
+	Aliases:     []string{"hs"},
+	Usage:       "hetzner cloud SSH keys (e.g. me@foo.com)",
+	Destination: &HetznerCloudSSHKeys,
+}
+
+var HetznerCloudLocation string
+
+var HetznerCloudLocationFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "hetzner-location",
+	Aliases:     []string{"hl"},
+	Usage:       "hetzner cloud server location",
+	Value:       "hel1",
+	Destination: &HetznerCloudLocation,
+}
+
+var HetznerCloudAPIToken string
+
+var HetznerCloudAPITokenFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "hetzner-token",
+	Aliases:     []string{"ha"},
+	Usage:       "hetzner cloud API token",
+	EnvVars:     []string{"HCLOUD_TOKEN"},
+	Destination: &HetznerCloudAPIToken,
+}

cli/internal/deploy.go

@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	abraFormatter "coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/catalogue"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+// DeployAction is the main command-line action for this package
+func DeployAction(c *cli.Context) error {
+	app := ValidateApp(c)
+	stackName := app.StackName()
+
+	cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("checking whether '%s' is already deployed", stackName)
+
+	isDeployed, deployedVersion, err := stack.IsDeployed(c.Context, cl, stackName)
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if isDeployed {
+		if Force {
+			logrus.Warnf("'%s' already deployed but continuing (--force)", stackName)
+		} else if Chaos {
+			logrus.Warnf("'%s' already deployed but continuing (--chaos)", stackName)
+		} else {
+			logrus.Fatalf("'%s' is already deployed", stackName)
+		}
+	}
+
+	version := deployedVersion
+	if version == "" && !Chaos {
+		versions, err := catalogue.GetRecipeCatalogueVersions(app.Type)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if len(versions) > 0 {
+			version = versions[len(versions)-1]
+			logrus.Debugf("choosing '%s' as version to deploy", version)
+			if err := recipe.EnsureVersion(app.Type, version); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		} else {
+			version = "latest commit"
+			logrus.Warn("no versions detected, using latest commit")
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Type); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if version == "" && !Chaos {
+		logrus.Debugf("choosing '%s' as version to deploy", version)
+		if err := recipe.EnsureVersion(app.Type, version); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if Chaos {
+		logrus.Warnf("chaos mode engaged")
+		var err error
+		version, err = recipe.ChaosVersion(app.Type)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	abraShPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/%s", config.APPS_DIR, app.Type, "abra.sh")
+	abraShEnv, err := config.ReadAbraShEnvVars(abraShPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for k, v := range abraShEnv {
+		app.Env[k] = v
+	}
+
+	composeFiles, err := config.GetAppComposeFiles(app.Type, app.Env)
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	deployOpts := stack.Deploy{
+		Composefiles: composeFiles,
+		Namespace:    stackName,
+		Prune:        false,
+		ResolveImage: stack.ResolveImageAlways,
+	}
+	compose, err := config.GetAppComposeConfig(app.Name, deployOpts, app.Env)
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err := DeployOverview(app, version, "continue with deployment?"); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err := stack.RunDeploy(cl, deployOpts, compose); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// DeployOverview shows a deployment overview
+func DeployOverview(app config.App, version, message string) error {
+	tableCol := []string{"server", "compose", "domain", "stack", "version"}
+	table := abraFormatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
+
+	deployConfig := "compose.yml"
+	if composeFiles, ok := app.Env["COMPOSE_FILE"]; ok {
+		deployConfig = strings.Join(strings.Split(composeFiles, ":"), "\n")
+	}
+
+	server := app.Server
+	if app.Server == "default" {
+		server = "local"
+	}
+
+	table.Append([]string{server, deployConfig, app.Domain, app.StackName(), version})
+	table.Render()
+
+	if NoInput {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	response := false
+	prompt := &survey.Confirm{
+		Message: message,
+	}
+
+	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if !response {
+		logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// NewVersionOverview shows an upgrade or downgrade overview
+func NewVersionOverview(app config.App, currentVersion, newVersion string) error {
+	tableCol := []string{"server", "compose", "domain", "stack", "current version", "to be deployed"}
+	table := abraFormatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
+
+	deployConfig := "compose.yml"
+	if composeFiles, ok := app.Env["COMPOSE_FILE"]; ok {
+		deployConfig = strings.Join(strings.Split(composeFiles, ":"), "\n")
+	}
+
+	server := app.Server
+	if app.Server == "default" {
+		server = "local"
+	}
+
+	table.Append([]string{server, deployConfig, app.Domain, app.StackName(), currentVersion, newVersion})
+	table.Render()
+
+	if NoInput {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	response := false
+	prompt := &survey.Confirm{
+		Message: "continue with deployment?",
+	}
+
+	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if !response {
+		logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

cli/internal/errors_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+// Testing functions that call os.Exit
+// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26225513/how-to-test-os-exit-scenarios-in-go
+// https://talks.golang.org/2014/testing.slide#23
+
+var testapp = &cli.App{
+	Name:  "abra",
+	Usage: `The Co-op Cloud command-line utility belt 🎩🐇`,
+}
+
+// not testing output as that changes. just if it exits with code 1
+// does not work because of some weird errors on cli's part. Its a hard lib to test effectively.
+// func TestShowSubcommandHelpAndError(t *testing.T) {
+// 	if os.Getenv("HelpAndError") == "1" {
+// 		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(cli.NewContext(testapp, nil, nil), errors.New("Test error"))
+// 		return
+// 	}
+// 	cmd := exec.Command(os.Args[0], "-test.run=TestShowSubcommandHelpAndError")
+// 	cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), "HelpAndError=1")
+// 	var out bytes.Buffer
+// 	cmd.Stderr = &out
+// 	err := cmd.Run()
+// 	println(out.String())
+// 	if !strings.Contains(out.String(), "Test error") {
+
+// 		t.Fatalf("expected command to show the error causing the exit, did not get correct stdout output")
+// 	}
+
+// 	if e, ok := err.(*exec.ExitError); ok && !e.Success() {
+// 		return
+// 	}
+// 	t.Fatalf("process ran with err %v, want exit status 1", err)
+// }

cli/internal/new.go

@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"path"
+
+	abraFormatter "coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/secret"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/ssh"
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+type AppSecrets map[string]string
+
+var Domain string
+var DomainFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "domain",
+	Aliases:     []string{"d"},
+	Value:       "",
+	Usage:       "Choose a domain name",
+	Destination: &Domain,
+}
+
+var NewAppServer string
+var NewAppServerFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "server",
+	Aliases:     []string{"s"},
+	Value:       "",
+	Usage:       "Show apps of a specific server",
+	Destination: &NewAppServer,
+}
+
+var NewAppName string
+var NewAppNameFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "app-name",
+	Aliases:     []string{"a"},
+	Value:       "",
+	Usage:       "Choose an app name",
+	Destination: &NewAppName,
+}
+
+// RecipeName is used for configuring recipe name programmatically
+var RecipeName string
+
+// createSecrets creates all secrets for a new app.
+func createSecrets(sanitisedAppName string) (AppSecrets, error) {
+	appEnvPath := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "servers", NewAppServer, fmt.Sprintf("%s.env", sanitisedAppName))
+	appEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(appEnvPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	secretEnvVars := secret.ReadSecretEnvVars(appEnv)
+	secrets, err := secret.GenerateSecrets(secretEnvVars, sanitisedAppName, NewAppServer)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if Pass {
+		for secretName := range secrets {
+			secretValue := secrets[secretName]
+			if err := secret.PassInsertSecret(secretValue, secretName, sanitisedAppName, NewAppServer); err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return secrets, nil
+}
+
+// ensureDomainFlag checks if the domain flag was used. if not, asks the user for it/
+func ensureDomainFlag(recipe recipe.Recipe, server string) error {
+	if Domain == "" && !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "Specify app domain",
+			Default: fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", recipe.Name, server),
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &Domain); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if Domain == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no domain provided")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ensureServerFlag checks if the server flag was used. if not, asks the user for it.
+func ensureServerFlag() error {
+	servers, err := config.GetServers()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if NewAppServer == "" && !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Select{
+			Message: "Select app server:",
+			Options: servers,
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &NewAppServer); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if NewAppServer == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no server provided")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ensureServerFlag checks if the AppName flag was used. if not, asks the user for it.
+func ensureAppNameFlag() error {
+	if NewAppName == "" && !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "Specify app name:",
+			Default: config.SanitiseAppName(Domain),
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &NewAppName); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if NewAppName == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no app name provided")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// NewAction is the new app creation logic
+func NewAction(c *cli.Context) error {
+	recipe := ValidateRecipeWithPrompt(c)
+
+	if err := config.EnsureAbraDirExists(); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err := ensureServerFlag(); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err := ensureDomainFlag(recipe, NewAppServer); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err := ensureAppNameFlag(); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	sanitisedAppName := config.SanitiseAppName(NewAppName)
+	if len(sanitisedAppName) > 45 {
+		logrus.Fatalf("'%s' cannot be longer than 45 characters", sanitisedAppName)
+	}
+	logrus.Debugf("'%s' sanitised as '%s' for new app", NewAppName, sanitisedAppName)
+
+	if err := config.TemplateAppEnvSample(recipe.Name, NewAppName, NewAppServer, Domain, recipe.Name); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if Secrets {
+		if err := ssh.EnsureHostKey(NewAppServer); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		secrets, err := createSecrets(sanitisedAppName)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		secretCols := []string{"Name", "Value"}
+		secretTable := abraFormatter.CreateTable(secretCols)
+		for secret := range secrets {
+			secretTable.Append([]string{secret, secrets[secret]})
+		}
+
+		if len(secrets) > 0 {
+			defer secretTable.Render()
+		}
+	}
+
+	if NewAppServer == "default" {
+		NewAppServer = "local"
+	}
+
+	tableCol := []string{"Name", "Domain", "Type", "Server"}
+	table := abraFormatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
+	table.Append([]string{sanitisedAppName, Domain, recipe.Name, NewAppServer})
+
+	fmt.Println("")
+	fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("A new %s app has been created! Here is an overview:", recipe.Name))
+	fmt.Println("")
+	table.Render()
+	fmt.Println("")
+	fmt.Println("You can configure this app by running the following:")
+	fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("\n    abra app config %s", sanitisedAppName))
+	fmt.Println("")
+	fmt.Println("You can deploy this app by running the following:")
+	fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("\n    abra app deploy %s", sanitisedAppName))
+	fmt.Println("")
+
+	return nil
+}

cli/internal/recipe.go

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+var Major bool
+var MajorFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "major",
+	Usage:       "Increase the major part of the version",
+	Value:       false,
+	Aliases:     []string{"ma", "x"},
+	Destination: &Major,
+}
+
+var Minor bool
+var MinorFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "minor",
+	Usage:       "Increase the minor part of the version",
+	Value:       false,
+	Aliases:     []string{"mi", "y"},
+	Destination: &Minor,
+}
+
+var Patch bool
+var PatchFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "patch",
+	Usage:       "Increase the patch part of the version",
+	Value:       false,
+	Aliases:     []string{"p", "z"},
+	Destination: &Patch,
+}
+
+var Dry bool
+var DryFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "dry-run",
+	Usage:       "No changes are made, only reports changes that would be made",
+	Value:       false,
+	Aliases:     []string{"d"},
+	Destination: &Dry,
+}
+
+var Push bool
+var PushFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "push",
+	Usage:       "Git push changes",
+	Value:       false,
+	Aliases:     []string{"P"},
+	Destination: &Push,
+}
+
+var CommitMessage string
+var CommitMessageFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "commit-message",
+	Usage:       "Commit message (implies --commit)",
+	Aliases:     []string{"cm"},
+	Destination: &CommitMessage,
+}
+
+var Commit bool
+var CommitFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "commit",
+	Usage:       "Commits compose.**yml file changes to recipe repository",
+	Value:       false,
+	Aliases:     []string{"c"},
+	Destination: &Commit,
+}
+
+var TagMessage string
+var TagMessageFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "tag-comment",
+	Usage:       "Description for release tag",
+	Aliases:     []string{"t", "tm"},
+	Destination: &TagMessage,
+}
+
+// PromptBumpType prompts for version bump type
+func PromptBumpType(tagString string) error {
+	if (!Major && !Minor && !Patch) && tagString == "" {
+		fmt.Printf(`
+semver cheat sheet (more via semver.org):
+  major: new features/bug fixes, backwards incompatible
+  minor: new features/bug fixes, backwards compatible
+  patch: bug fixes, backwards compatible
+
+`)
+		var chosenBumpType string
+		prompt := &survey.Select{
+			Message: fmt.Sprintf("select recipe version increment type"),
+			Options: []string{"major", "minor", "patch"},
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &chosenBumpType); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		SetBumpType(chosenBumpType)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GetBumpType figures out which bump type is specified
+func GetBumpType() string {
+	var bumpType string
+
+	if Major {
+		bumpType = "major"
+	} else if Minor {
+		bumpType = "minor"
+	} else if Patch {
+		bumpType = "patch"
+	} else {
+		logrus.Fatal("no version bump type specififed?")
+	}
+
+	return bumpType
+}
+
+// SetBumpType figures out which bump type is specified
+func SetBumpType(bumpType string) {
+	if bumpType == "major" {
+		Major = true
+	} else if bumpType == "minor" {
+		Minor = true
+	} else if bumpType == "patch" {
+		Patch = true
+	} else {
+		logrus.Fatal("no version bump type specififed?")
+	}
+}
+
+// GetMainApp retrieves the main 'app' image name
+func GetMainApp(recipe recipe.Recipe) string {
+	var app string
+
+	for _, service := range recipe.Config.Services {
+		name := service.Name
+		if name == "app" {
+			app = strings.Split(service.Image, ":")[0]
+		}
+	}
+
+	if app == "" {
+		logrus.Fatalf("%s has no main 'app' service?", recipe.Name)
+	}
+
+	return app
+}

cli/internal/record.go

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+// EnsureDNSProvider ensures a DNS provider is chosen.
+func EnsureDNSProvider() error {
+	if DNSProvider == "" && !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Select{
+			Message: "Select DNS provider",
+			Options: []string{"gandi"},
+		}
+
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &DNSProvider); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if DNSProvider == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("missing DNS provider?")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// EnsureDNSTypeFlag ensures a DNS type flag is present.
+func EnsureDNSTypeFlag(c *cli.Context) error {
+	if DNSType == "" && !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "Specify DNS record type",
+			Default: "A",
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &DNSType); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if DNSType == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no record type provided"))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// EnsureDNSNameFlag ensures a DNS name flag is present.
+func EnsureDNSNameFlag(c *cli.Context) error {
+	if DNSName == "" && !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "Specify DNS record name",
+			Default: "mysubdomain",
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &DNSName); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if DNSName == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no record name provided"))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// EnsureDNSValueFlag ensures a DNS value flag is present.
+func EnsureDNSValueFlag(c *cli.Context) error {
+	if DNSValue == "" && !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "Specify DNS record value",
+			Default: "192.168.1.2",
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &DNSValue); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if DNSName == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no record value provided"))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// EnsureZoneArgument ensures a zone argument is present.
+func EnsureZoneArgument(c *cli.Context) (string, error) {
+	var zone string
+	if c.Args().First() == "" && !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "Specify a domain name zone",
+			Default: "example.com",
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &zone); err != nil {
+			return zone, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if zone == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no zone value provided"))
+	}
+
+	return zone, nil
+}

cli/internal/server.go

@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+// EnsureServerProvider ensures a 3rd party server provider is chosen.
+func EnsureServerProvider() error {
+	if ServerProvider == "" && !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Select{
+			Message: "Select server provider",
+			Options: []string{"capsul", "hetzner-cloud"},
+		}
+
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &ServerProvider); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ServerProvider == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("missing server provider?")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// EnsureNewCapsulVPSFlags ensure all flags are present.
+func EnsureNewCapsulVPSFlags(c *cli.Context) error {
+	if CapsulName == "" && !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "specify capsul name",
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &CapsulName); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "specify capsul instance URL",
+			Default: CapsulInstanceURL,
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &CapsulInstanceURL); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "specify capsul type",
+			Default: CapsulType,
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &CapsulType); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "specify capsul image",
+			Default: CapsulImage,
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &CapsulImage); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(CapsulSSHKeys.Value()) == 0 && !NoInput {
+		var sshKeys string
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "specify capsul SSH keys (e.g. me@foo.com)",
+			Default: "",
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &CapsulSSHKeys); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		CapsulSSHKeys = *cli.NewStringSlice(strings.Split(sshKeys, ",")...)
+	}
+
+	if CapsulAPIToken == "" && !NoInput {
+		token, ok := os.LookupEnv("CAPSUL_TOKEN")
+		if !ok {
+			prompt := &survey.Input{
+				Message: "specify capsul API token",
+			}
+			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &CapsulAPIToken); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		} else {
+			CapsulAPIToken = token
+		}
+	}
+
+	if CapsulName == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing capsul name?"))
+	}
+	if CapsulInstanceURL == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing capsul instance url?"))
+	}
+	if CapsulType == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing capsul type?"))
+	}
+	if CapsulImage == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing capsul image?"))
+	}
+	if len(CapsulSSHKeys.Value()) == 0 {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing capsul ssh keys?"))
+	}
+	if CapsulAPIToken == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing capsul API token?"))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// EnsureNewHetznerCloudVPSFlags ensure all flags are present.
+func EnsureNewHetznerCloudVPSFlags(c *cli.Context) error {
+	if HetznerCloudName == "" && !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "specify hetzner cloud VPS name",
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &HetznerCloudName); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "specify hetzner cloud VPS type",
+			Default: HetznerCloudType,
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &HetznerCloudType); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "specify hetzner cloud VPS image",
+			Default: HetznerCloudImage,
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &HetznerCloudImage); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(HetznerCloudSSHKeys.Value()) == 0 && !NoInput {
+		var sshKeys string
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "specify hetzner cloud SSH keys (e.g. me@foo.com)",
+			Default: "",
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &sshKeys); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		HetznerCloudSSHKeys = *cli.NewStringSlice(strings.Split(sshKeys, ",")...)
+	}
+
+	if !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "specify hetzner cloud VPS location",
+			Default: HetznerCloudLocation,
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &HetznerCloudLocation); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if HetznerCloudAPIToken == "" && !NoInput {
+		token, ok := os.LookupEnv("HCLOUD_TOKEN")
+		if !ok {
+			prompt := &survey.Input{
+				Message: "specify hetzner cloud API token",
+			}
+			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &HetznerCloudAPIToken); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		} else {
+			HetznerCloudAPIToken = token
+		}
+	}
+
+	if HetznerCloudName == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing hetzner cloud VPS name?"))
+	}
+	if HetznerCloudType == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing hetzner cloud VPS type?"))
+	}
+	if HetznerCloudImage == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing hetzner cloud image?"))
+	}
+	if len(HetznerCloudSSHKeys.Value()) == 0 {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing hetzner cloud ssh keys?"))
+	}
+	if HetznerCloudLocation == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing hetzner cloud VPS location?"))
+	}
+	if HetznerCloudAPIToken == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing hetzner cloud API token?"))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

cli/internal/validate.go

@@ -2,15 +2,21 @@ package internal
 
 import (
 	"errors"
-	"os"
+	"strings"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/app"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/catalogue"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/ssh"
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
 
+// AppName is used for configuring app name programmatically
+var AppName string
+
 // ValidateRecipe ensures the recipe arg is valid.
 func ValidateRecipe(c *cli.Context) recipe.Recipe {
 	recipeName := c.Args().First()
@@ -22,9 +28,52 @@ func ValidateRecipe(c *cli.Context) recipe.Recipe {
 	recipe, err := recipe.Get(recipeName)
 	if err != nil {
 		logrus.Fatal(err)
-		os.Exit(1)
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("validated '%s' as recipe argument", recipeName)
+
+	return recipe
+}
+
+// ValidateRecipeWithPrompt ensures a recipe argument is present before
+// validating, asking for input if required.
+func ValidateRecipeWithPrompt(c *cli.Context) recipe.Recipe {
+	recipeName := c.Args().First()
+
+	if recipeName == "" && !NoInput {
+		catl, err := catalogue.ReadRecipeCatalogue()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		var recipes []string
+		for name := range catl {
+			recipes = append(recipes, name)
+		}
+		prompt := &survey.Select{
+			Message: "Select recipe",
+			Options: recipes,
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &recipeName); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if RecipeName != "" {
+		recipeName = RecipeName
+		logrus.Debugf("programmatically setting recipe name to %s", recipeName)
+	}
+
+	if recipeName == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no recipe provided"))
+	}
+
+	recipe, err := recipe.Get(recipeName)
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("validated '%s' as recipe argument", recipeName)
+
 	return recipe
 }
 
@@ -32,6 +81,11 @@ func ValidateRecipe(c *cli.Context) recipe.Recipe {
 func ValidateApp(c *cli.Context) config.App {
 	appName := c.Args().First()
 
+	if AppName != "" {
+		appName = AppName
+		logrus.Debugf("programmatically setting app name to %s", appName)
+	}
+
 	if appName == "" {
 		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no app provided"))
 	}
@@ -39,8 +93,82 @@ func ValidateApp(c *cli.Context) config.App {
 	app, err := app.Get(appName)
 	if err != nil {
 		logrus.Fatal(err)
-		os.Exit(1)
 	}
 
+	if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Type); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err := ssh.EnsureHostKey(app.Server); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("validated '%s' as app argument", appName)
+
 	return app
 }
+
+// ValidateDomain ensures the domain name arg is valid.
+func ValidateDomain(c *cli.Context) (string, error) {
+	domainName := c.Args().First()
+
+	if domainName == "" && !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
+			Message: "Specify a domain name",
+			Default: "example.com",
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &domainName); err != nil {
+			return domainName, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if domainName == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no domain provided"))
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("validated '%s' as domain argument", domainName)
+
+	return domainName, nil
+}
+
+// ValidateSubCmdFlags ensures flag order conforms to correct order
+func ValidateSubCmdFlags(c *cli.Context) bool {
+	for argIdx, arg := range c.Args().Slice() {
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(arg, "--") {
+			for _, flag := range c.Args().Slice()[argIdx:] {
+				if strings.HasPrefix(flag, "--") {
+					return false
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// ValidateServer ensures the server name arg is valid.
+func ValidateServer(c *cli.Context) (string, error) {
+	serverName := c.Args().First()
+
+	serverNames, err := config.ReadServerNames()
+	if err != nil {
+		return serverName, err
+	}
+
+	if serverName == "" && !NoInput {
+		prompt := &survey.Select{
+			Message: "Specify a server name",
+			Options: serverNames,
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &serverName); err != nil {
+			return serverName, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if serverName == "" {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no server provided"))
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("validated '%s' as server argument", serverName)
+
+	return serverName, nil
+}

cli/recipe/lint.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/catalogue"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
 	"github.com/docker/distribution/reference"
@@ -62,7 +63,14 @@ var recipeLintCommand = &cli.Command{
 				allImagesTagged = false
 			}
 
-			tag := img.(reference.NamedTagged).Tag()
+			var tag string
+			switch img.(type) {
+			case reference.NamedTagged:
+				tag = img.(reference.NamedTagged).Tag()
+			case reference.Named:
+				noUnstableTags = false
+			}
+
 			if tag == "latest" {
 				noUnstableTags = false
 			}
@@ -76,18 +84,30 @@ var recipeLintCommand = &cli.Command{
 			}
 		}
 
-		tableCol := []string{"Rule", "Satisfied"}
+		tableCol := []string{"rule", "satisfied"}
 		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
-		table.Append([]string{"Compose files have the expected version", strconv.FormatBool(expectedVersion)})
+		table.Append([]string{"compose files have the expected version", strconv.FormatBool(expectedVersion)})
-		table.Append([]string{"Environment configuration is provided", strconv.FormatBool(envSampleProvided)})
+		table.Append([]string{"environment configuration is provided", strconv.FormatBool(envSampleProvided)})
-		table.Append([]string{"Recipe contains a service named 'app'", strconv.FormatBool(serviceNamedApp)})
+		table.Append([]string{"recipe contains a service named 'app'", strconv.FormatBool(serviceNamedApp)})
-		table.Append([]string{"Traefik routing enabled on at least one service", strconv.FormatBool(traefikEnabled)})
+		table.Append([]string{"traefik routing enabled on at least one service", strconv.FormatBool(traefikEnabled)})
-		table.Append([]string{"All services have a healthcheck enabled", strconv.FormatBool(healthChecksForAllServices)})
+		table.Append([]string{"all services have a healthcheck enabled", strconv.FormatBool(healthChecksForAllServices)})
-		table.Append([]string{"All images are using a tag", strconv.FormatBool(allImagesTagged)})
+		table.Append([]string{"all images are using a tag", strconv.FormatBool(allImagesTagged)})
-		table.Append([]string{"No usage of unstable 'latest' tags", strconv.FormatBool(noUnstableTags)})
+		table.Append([]string{"no usage of unstable 'latest' tags", strconv.FormatBool(noUnstableTags)})
-		table.Append([]string{"All tags are using a semver-like format", strconv.FormatBool(semverLikeTags)})
+		table.Append([]string{"all tags are using a semver-like format", strconv.FormatBool(semverLikeTags)})
 		table.Render()
 
 		return nil
 	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		catl, err := catalogue.ReadRecipeCatalogue()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Warn(err)
+		}
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for name := range catl {
+			fmt.Println(name)
+		}
+	},
 }

cli/recipe/list.go

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ var recipeListCommand = &cli.Command{
 		recipes := catl.Flatten()
 		sort.Sort(catalogue.ByRecipeName(recipes))
 
-		tableCol := []string{"Name", "Category", "Status"}
+		tableCol := []string{"name", "category", "status"}
 		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
 
 		for _, recipe := range recipes {

cli/recipe/new.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package recipe
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path"
@@ -8,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
-	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/git"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
@@ -18,44 +19,56 @@ var recipeNewCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Usage:     "Create a new recipe",
 	Aliases:   []string{"n"},
 	ArgsUsage: "<recipe>",
-	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+	Description: `
-		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
+This command creates a new recipe.
 
-		directory := path.Join(config.APPS_DIR, recipe.Name)
+Abra uses our built-in example repository which is available here:
+
+    https://git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/example
+
+Files within the example repository make use of the Golang templating system
+which Abra uses to inject values into the generated recipe folder (e.g. name of
+recipe and domain in the sample environment config).
+
+The new example repository is cloned to ~/.abra/apps/<recipe>.
+`,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		recipeName := c.Args().First()
+
+		if recipeName == "" {
+			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no recipe provided"))
+		}
+
+		directory := path.Join(config.APPS_DIR, recipeName)
 		if _, err := os.Stat(directory); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
 			logrus.Fatalf("'%s' recipe directory already exists?", directory)
-			return nil
 		}
 
 		url := fmt.Sprintf("%s/example.git", config.REPOS_BASE_URL)
-		_, err := git.PlainClone(directory, false, &git.CloneOptions{URL: url, Tags: git.AllTags})
+		if err := git.Clone(directory, url); err != nil {
-		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
-			return nil
 		}
 
-		gitRepo := path.Join(config.APPS_DIR, recipe.Name, ".git")
+		gitRepo := path.Join(config.APPS_DIR, recipeName, ".git")
 		if err := os.RemoveAll(gitRepo); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
-			return nil
 		}
+		logrus.Debugf("removed git repo in '%s'", gitRepo)
 
 		toParse := []string{
-			path.Join(config.APPS_DIR, recipe.Name, "README.md"),
+			path.Join(config.APPS_DIR, recipeName, "README.md"),
-			path.Join(config.APPS_DIR, recipe.Name, ".env.sample"),
+			path.Join(config.APPS_DIR, recipeName, ".env.sample"),
-			path.Join(config.APPS_DIR, recipe.Name, ".drone.yml"),
+			path.Join(config.APPS_DIR, recipeName, ".drone.yml"),
 		}
 		for _, path := range toParse {
 			file, err := os.OpenFile(path, os.O_RDWR, 0755)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
-				return nil
 			}
 
 			tpl, err := template.ParseFiles(path)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
-				return nil
 			}
 
 			// TODO: ask for description and probably other things so that the
@@ -64,15 +77,14 @@ var recipeNewCommand = &cli.Command{
 			if err := tpl.Execute(file, struct {
 				Name        string
 				Description string
-			}{recipe.Name, "TODO"}); err != nil {
+			}{recipeName, "TODO"}); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
-				return nil
 			}
 		}
 
 		logrus.Infof(
-			"New recipe '%s' created in %s, happy hacking!\n",
+			"new recipe '%s' created in %s, happy hacking!\n",
-			recipe.Name, path.Join(config.APPS_DIR, recipe.Name),
+			recipeName, path.Join(config.APPS_DIR, recipeName),
 		)
 
 		return nil

cli/recipe/recipe.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 // RecipeCommand defines all recipe related sub-commands.
 var RecipeCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Name:      "recipe",
-	Usage:     "Manage recipes",
+	Usage:     "Manage recipes (for maintainers)",
 	ArgsUsage: "<recipe>",
 	Aliases:   []string{"r"},
 	Description: `
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ Cloud community and you can use Abra to read them and create apps for you.
 	Subcommands: []*cli.Command{
 		recipeListCommand,
 		recipeVersionCommand,
+		recipeReleaseCommand,
 		recipeNewCommand,
 		recipeUpgradeCommand,
 		recipeSyncCommand,

cli/recipe/release.go

@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+package recipe
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"path"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	abraFormatter "coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
+	recipePkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
+	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	"github.com/docker/distribution/reference"
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/plumbing"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+var recipeReleaseCommand = &cli.Command{
+	Name:      "release",
+	Usage:     "Release a new recipe version",
+	Aliases:   []string{"rl"},
+	ArgsUsage: "<recipe> [<version>]",
+	Description: `
+This command is used to specify a new tag for a recipe. These tags are used to
+identify different versions of the recipe and are published on the Co-op Cloud
+recipe catalogue.
+
+These tags take the following form:
+
+    a.b.c+x.y.z
+
+Where the "a.b.c" part is maintained as a semantic version of the recipe by the
+recipe maintainer. And the "x.y.z" part is the image tag of the recipe "app"
+service (the main container which contains the software to be used).
+
+We maintain a semantic versioning scheme ("a.b.c") alongside the libre app
+versioning scheme in order to maximise the chances that the nature of recipe
+updates are properly communicated.
+
+Abra does its best to read the "a.b.c" version scheme and communicate what
+action needs to be taken when performing different operations such as an update
+or a rollback of an app.
+
+You may invoke this command in "wizard" mode and be prompted for input:
+
+    abra recipe release gitea
+
+`,
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.DryFlag,
+		internal.MajorFlag,
+		internal.MinorFlag,
+		internal.PatchFlag,
+		internal.PushFlag,
+		internal.CommitFlag,
+		internal.CommitMessageFlag,
+		internal.TagMessageFlag,
+	},
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipeWithPrompt(c)
+		directory := path.Join(config.APPS_DIR, recipe.Name)
+		tagString := c.Args().Get(1)
+		mainApp := internal.GetMainApp(recipe)
+
+		imagesTmp, err := getImageVersions(recipe)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		mainAppVersion := imagesTmp[mainApp]
+
+		if err := recipePkg.EnsureExists(recipe.Name); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if mainAppVersion == "" {
+			logrus.Fatalf("main 'app' service version for %s is empty?", recipe.Name)
+		}
+
+		if tagString != "" {
+			if _, err := tagcmp.Parse(tagString); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal("invalid tag specified")
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!internal.Major && !internal.Minor && !internal.Patch) && tagString != "" {
+			logrus.Fatal("please specify <version> or bump type (--major/--minor/--patch)")
+		}
+
+		if (internal.Major || internal.Minor || internal.Patch) && tagString != "" {
+			logrus.Fatal("cannot specify tag and bump type at the same time")
+		}
+
+		// bumpType is used to decide what part of the tag should be incremented
+		bumpType := btoi(internal.Major)*4 + btoi(internal.Minor)*2 + btoi(internal.Patch)
+		if bumpType != 0 {
+			// a bitwise check if the number is a power of 2
+			if (bumpType & (bumpType - 1)) != 0 {
+				logrus.Fatal("you can only use one of: --major, --minor, --patch.")
+			}
+		}
+
+		if err := internal.PromptBumpType(tagString); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if internal.TagMessage == "" {
+			prompt := &survey.Input{
+				Message: "tag message",
+				Default: fmt.Sprintf("chore: publish new %s version", internal.GetBumpType()),
+			}
+			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &internal.TagMessage); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		var createTagOptions git.CreateTagOptions
+		createTagOptions.Message = internal.TagMessage
+
+		if !internal.Commit {
+			prompt := &survey.Confirm{
+				Message: "git commit changes also?",
+			}
+			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &internal.Commit); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+
+		if !internal.Push {
+			prompt := &survey.Confirm{
+				Message: "git push changes also?",
+			}
+			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &internal.Push); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+
+		if internal.Commit || internal.CommitMessage != "" {
+			commitRepo, err := git.PlainOpen(directory)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			commitWorktree, err := commitRepo.Worktree()
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if internal.CommitMessage == "" {
+				prompt := &survey.Input{
+					Message: "commit message",
+					Default: fmt.Sprintf("chore: publish new %s version", internal.GetBumpType()),
+				}
+				if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &internal.CommitMessage); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			err = commitWorktree.AddGlob("compose.**yml")
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			logrus.Debug("staged compose.**yml for commit")
+
+			if !internal.Dry {
+				_, err = commitWorktree.Commit(internal.CommitMessage, &git.CommitOptions{})
+				if err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				logrus.Info("changes commited")
+			} else {
+				logrus.Info("dry run only: NOT committing changes")
+			}
+		}
+
+		repo, err := git.PlainOpen(directory)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		head, err := repo.Head()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if tagString != "" {
+			tag, err := tagcmp.Parse(tagString)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if tag.MissingMinor {
+				tag.Minor = "0"
+				tag.MissingMinor = false
+			}
+			if tag.MissingPatch {
+				tag.Patch = "0"
+				tag.MissingPatch = false
+			}
+			tagString = fmt.Sprintf("%s+%s", tag.String(), mainAppVersion)
+			if internal.Dry {
+				hash := abraFormatter.SmallSHA(head.Hash().String())
+				logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("dry run only: NOT creating tag %s at %s", tagString, hash))
+				return nil
+			}
+
+			repo.CreateTag(tagString, head.Hash(), &createTagOptions)
+			hash := abraFormatter.SmallSHA(head.Hash().String())
+			logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("created tag %s at %s", tagString, hash))
+			if internal.Push && !internal.Dry {
+				if err := repo.Push(&git.PushOptions{}); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("pushed tag %s to remote", tagString))
+			} else {
+				logrus.Info("dry run only: NOT pushing changes")
+			}
+
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		// get the latest tag with its hash, name etc
+		var lastGitTag tagcmp.Tag
+		iter, err := repo.Tags()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if err := iter.ForEach(func(ref *plumbing.Reference) error {
+			obj, err := repo.TagObject(ref.Hash())
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			tagcmpTag, err := tagcmp.Parse(obj.Name)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if (lastGitTag == tagcmp.Tag{}) {
+				lastGitTag = tagcmpTag
+			} else if tagcmpTag.IsGreaterThan(lastGitTag) {
+				lastGitTag = tagcmpTag
+			}
+			return nil
+		}); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		newTag := lastGitTag
+		var newtagString string
+		if bumpType > 0 {
+			if internal.Patch {
+				now, err := strconv.Atoi(newTag.Patch)
+				if err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				newTag.Patch = strconv.Itoa(now + 1)
+			} else if internal.Minor {
+				now, err := strconv.Atoi(newTag.Minor)
+				if err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				newTag.Patch = "0"
+				newTag.Minor = strconv.Itoa(now + 1)
+			} else if internal.Major {
+				now, err := strconv.Atoi(newTag.Major)
+				if err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				newTag.Patch = "0"
+				newTag.Minor = "0"
+				newTag.Major = strconv.Itoa(now + 1)
+			}
+		}
+
+		newTag.Metadata = mainAppVersion
+		newtagString = newTag.String()
+		if internal.Dry {
+			hash := abraFormatter.SmallSHA(head.Hash().String())
+			logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("dry run only: NOT creating tag %s at %s", newtagString, hash))
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		repo.CreateTag(newtagString, head.Hash(), &createTagOptions)
+		hash := abraFormatter.SmallSHA(head.Hash().String())
+		logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("created tag %s at %s", newtagString, hash))
+		if internal.Push && !internal.Dry {
+			if err := repo.Push(&git.PushOptions{}); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("pushed tag %s to remote", newtagString))
+		} else {
+			logrus.Info("gry run only: NOT pushing changes")
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+// getImageVersions retrieves image versions for a recipe
+func getImageVersions(recipe recipe.Recipe) (map[string]string, error) {
+	var services = make(map[string]string)
+
+	for _, service := range recipe.Config.Services {
+		if service.Image == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		img, err := reference.ParseNormalizedNamed(service.Image)
+		if err != nil {
+			return services, err
+		}
+
+		path := reference.Path(img)
+		if strings.Contains(path, "library") {
+			path = strings.Split(path, "/")[1]
+		}
+
+		var tag string
+		switch img.(type) {
+		case reference.NamedTagged:
+			tag = img.(reference.NamedTagged).Tag()
+		case reference.Named:
+			logrus.Fatalf("%s service is missing image tag?", path)
+		}
+
+		services[path] = tag
+	}
+
+	return services, nil
+}
+
+// btoi converts a boolean value into an integer
+func btoi(b bool) int {
+	if b {
+		return 1
+	}
+
+	return 0
+}

cli/recipe/sync.go

@@ -2,61 +2,195 @@ package recipe
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"path"
+	"strconv"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/catalogue"
-	"github.com/docker/distribution/reference"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/plumbing"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
 
 var recipeSyncCommand = &cli.Command{
-	Name:    "sync",
+	Name:      "sync",
-	Usage:   "Generate new recipe labels",
+	Usage:     "Ensure recipe version labels are up-to-date",
-	Aliases: []string{"s"},
+	Aliases:   []string{"s"},
+	ArgsUsage: "<recipe> [<version>]",
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.DryFlag,
+		internal.MajorFlag,
+		internal.MinorFlag,
+		internal.PatchFlag,
+	},
 	Description: `
-This command will generate labels for each service which correspond to the
+This command will generate labels for the main recipe service (i.e. by
-following format:
+convention, the service named "app") which corresponds to the following format:
 
-    coop-cloud.${STACK_NAME}.${SERVICE_NAME}.version=${IMAGE_TAG}-${IMAGE_DIGEST}
+    coop-cloud.${STACK_NAME}.version=<version>
+
+The <version> is determined by the recipe maintainer and is specified on the
+command-line. The <recipe> configuration will be updated on the local file
+system.
+
+You may invoke this command in "wizard" mode and be prompted for input:
+
+    abra recipe sync
 
-The <recipe> configuration will be updated on the local file system. These
-labels are consumed by abra in other command invocations and used to determine
-the versioning metadata of up-and-running containers are.
 `,
-	ArgsUsage: "<recipe>",
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
+		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipeWithPrompt(c)
 
+		mainApp := internal.GetMainApp(recipe)
+
+		imagesTmp, err := getImageVersions(recipe)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		mainAppVersion := imagesTmp[mainApp]
+
+		tags, err := recipe.Tags()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		nextTag := c.Args().Get(1)
+		if len(tags) == 0 && nextTag == "" {
+			logrus.Warnf("no tags found for %s", recipe.Name)
+			var chosenVersion string
+			edPrompt := &survey.Select{
+				Message: "which version do you want to begin with?",
+				Options: []string{"0.1.0", "1.0.0"},
+			}
+			if err := survey.AskOne(edPrompt, &chosenVersion); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			nextTag = fmt.Sprintf("%s+%s", chosenVersion, mainAppVersion)
+		}
+
+		if nextTag == "" && (!internal.Major && !internal.Minor && !internal.Patch) {
+			if err := internal.PromptBumpType(""); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		if nextTag == "" {
+			recipeDir := path.Join(config.APPS_DIR, recipe.Name)
+			repo, err := git.PlainOpen(recipeDir)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			var lastGitTag tagcmp.Tag
+			iter, err := repo.Tags()
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if err := iter.ForEach(func(ref *plumbing.Reference) error {
+				obj, err := repo.TagObject(ref.Hash())
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				tagcmpTag, err := tagcmp.Parse(obj.Name)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				if (lastGitTag == tagcmp.Tag{}) {
+					lastGitTag = tagcmpTag
+				} else if tagcmpTag.IsGreaterThan(lastGitTag) {
+					lastGitTag = tagcmpTag
+				}
+				return nil
+			}); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			// bumpType is used to decide what part of the tag should be incremented
+			bumpType := btoi(internal.Major)*4 + btoi(internal.Minor)*2 + btoi(internal.Patch)
+			if bumpType != 0 {
+				// a bitwise check if the number is a power of 2
+				if (bumpType & (bumpType - 1)) != 0 {
+					logrus.Fatal("you can only use one of: --major, --minor, --patch.")
+				}
+			}
+
+			newTag := lastGitTag
+			if bumpType > 0 {
+				if internal.Patch {
+					now, err := strconv.Atoi(newTag.Patch)
+					if err != nil {
+						logrus.Fatal(err)
+					}
+					newTag.Patch = strconv.Itoa(now + 1)
+				} else if internal.Minor {
+					now, err := strconv.Atoi(newTag.Minor)
+					if err != nil {
+						logrus.Fatal(err)
+					}
+					newTag.Patch = "0"
+					newTag.Minor = strconv.Itoa(now + 1)
+				} else if internal.Major {
+					now, err := strconv.Atoi(newTag.Major)
+					if err != nil {
+						logrus.Fatal(err)
+					}
+					newTag.Patch = "0"
+					newTag.Minor = "0"
+					newTag.Major = strconv.Itoa(now + 1)
+				}
+			}
+
+			newTag.Metadata = mainAppVersion
+			logrus.Debugf("choosing %s as new version for %s", newTag.String(), recipe.Name)
+			nextTag = newTag.String()
+		}
+
+		if _, err := tagcmp.Parse(nextTag); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatalf("invalid version %s specified", nextTag)
+		}
+
+		mainService := "app"
+		var services []string
 		hasAppService := false
 		for _, service := range recipe.Config.Services {
+			services = append(services, service.Name)
 			if service.Name == "app" {
 				hasAppService = true
+				logrus.Debugf("detected app service in %s", recipe.Name)
 			}
 		}
 
 		if !hasAppService {
-			logrus.Fatal(fmt.Sprintf("No 'app' service defined in '%s', cannot proceed", recipe.Name))
+			logrus.Fatalf("%s has no main 'app' service?", recipe.Name)
 		}
 
-		for _, service := range recipe.Config.Services {
+		logrus.Debugf("selecting %s as the service to sync version label", mainService)
-			img, err := reference.ParseNormalizedNamed(service.Image)
-			if err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
 
-			digest, err := client.GetTagDigest(img)
+		label := fmt.Sprintf("coop-cloud.${STACK_NAME}.version=%s", nextTag)
-			if err != nil {
+		if !internal.Dry {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			if err := recipe.UpdateLabel(mainService, label); err != nil {
-			}
-
-			tag := img.(reference.NamedTagged).Tag()
-			label := fmt.Sprintf("coop-cloud.${STACK_NAME}.%s.version=%s-%s", service.Name, tag, digest)
-			if err := recipe.UpdateLabel(service.Name, label); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
+			logrus.Infof("synced label '%s' to service '%s'", label, mainService)
+		} else {
+			logrus.Infof("dry run only: NOT syncing label %s for recipe %s", nextTag, recipe.Name)
 		}
 
 		return nil
 	},
+	BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
+		catl, err := catalogue.ReadRecipeCatalogue()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Warn(err)
+		}
+		if c.NArg() > 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for name := range catl {
+			fmt.Println(name)
+		}
+	},
 }

cli/recipe/upgrade.go

@@ -1,13 +1,17 @@
 package recipe
 
 import (
+	"bufio"
 	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/catalogue"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
 	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
 	"github.com/docker/distribution/reference"
@@ -15,6 +19,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
 
+type imgPin struct {
+	image   string
+	version tagcmp.Tag
+}
+
 var recipeUpgradeCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Name:    "upgrade",
 	Usage:   "Upgrade recipe image tags",
@@ -28,12 +37,64 @@ Some image tags cannot be parsed because they do not follow some sort of
 semver-like convention. In this case, all possible tags will be listed and it
 is up to the end-user to decide.
 
-This is step 1 of upgrading a recipe. Step 2 is running "abra recipe sync
+You may invoke this command in "wizard" mode and be prompted for input:
-<recipe>".
+
+    abra recipe upgrade
+
 `,
 	ArgsUsage: "<recipe>",
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.PatchFlag,
+		internal.MinorFlag,
+		internal.MajorFlag,
+	},
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
+		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipeWithPrompt(c)
+
+		bumpType := btoi(internal.Major)*4 + btoi(internal.Minor)*2 + btoi(internal.Patch)
+		if bumpType != 0 {
+			// a bitwise check if the number is a power of 2
+			if (bumpType & (bumpType - 1)) != 0 {
+				logrus.Fatal("you can only use one of: --major, --minor, --patch.")
+			}
+		}
+
+		// check for versions file and load pinned versions
+		versionsPresent := false
+		recipeDir := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "apps", recipe.Name)
+		versionsPath := path.Join(recipeDir, "versions")
+		var servicePins = make(map[string]imgPin)
+		if _, err := os.Stat(versionsPath); err == nil {
+			logrus.Debugf("found versions file for %s", recipe.Name)
+			file, err := os.Open(versionsPath)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			scanner := bufio.NewScanner(file)
+			for scanner.Scan() {
+				line := scanner.Text()
+				splitLine := strings.Split(line, " ")
+				if splitLine[0] != "pin" || len(splitLine) != 3 {
+					logrus.Fatalf("malformed version pin specification: %s", line)
+				}
+				pinSlice := strings.Split(splitLine[2], ":")
+				pinTag, err := tagcmp.Parse(pinSlice[1])
+				if err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				pin := imgPin{
+					image:   pinSlice[0],
+					version: pinTag,
+				}
+				servicePins[splitLine[1]] = pin
+			}
+			if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
+				logrus.Error(err)
+			}
+			versionsPresent = true
+		} else {
+			logrus.Debugf("did not find versions file for %s", recipe.Name)
+		}
 
 		for _, service := range recipe.Config.Services {
 			catlVersions, err := catalogue.VersionsOfService(recipe.Name, service.Name)
@@ -51,6 +112,7 @@ This is step 1 of upgrading a recipe. Step 2 is running "abra recipe sync
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
+			logrus.Debugf("retrieved '%s' from remote registry for '%s'", regVersions, image)
 
 			if strings.Contains(image, "library") {
 				// ParseNormalizedNamed prepends 'library' to images like nginx:<tag>,
@@ -58,9 +120,9 @@ This is step 1 of upgrading a recipe. Step 2 is running "abra recipe sync
 				// first position of the string
 				image = strings.Split(image, "/")[1]
 			}
-
 			semverLikeTag := true
 			if !tagcmp.IsParsable(img.(reference.NamedTagged).Tag()) {
+				logrus.Debugf("'%s' not considered semver-like", img.(reference.NamedTagged).Tag())
 				semverLikeTag = false
 			}
 
@@ -68,7 +130,7 @@ This is step 1 of upgrading a recipe. Step 2 is running "abra recipe sync
 			if err != nil && semverLikeTag {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
-
+			logrus.Debugf("parsed '%s' for '%s'", tag, service.Name)
 			var compatible []tagcmp.Tag
 			for _, regVersion := range regVersions {
 				other, err := tagcmp.Parse(regVersion.Name)
@@ -81,10 +143,12 @@ This is step 1 of upgrading a recipe. Step 2 is running "abra recipe sync
 				}
 			}
 
+			logrus.Debugf("detected potential upgradable tags '%s' for '%s'", compatible, service.Name)
+
 			sort.Sort(tagcmp.ByTagDesc(compatible))
 
 			if len(compatible) == 0 && semverLikeTag {
-				logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("No new versions available for '%s', '%s' is the latest", image, tag))
+				logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("no new versions available for '%s', '%s' is the latest", image, tag))
 				continue // skip on to the next tag and don't update any compose files
 			}
 
@@ -101,29 +165,74 @@ This is step 1 of upgrading a recipe. Step 2 is running "abra recipe sync
 				}
 			}
 
-			msg := fmt.Sprintf("Which tag would you like to upgrade to? (service: %s, tag: %s)", service.Name, tag)
+			logrus.Debugf("detected compatible upgradable tags '%s' for '%s'", compatibleStrings, service.Name)
-			if !tagcmp.IsParsable(img.(reference.NamedTagged).Tag()) {
-				tag := img.(reference.NamedTagged).Tag()
-				logrus.Warning(fmt.Sprintf("Unable to determine versioning semantics of '%s', listing all tags...", tag))
-				msg = fmt.Sprintf("Which tag would you like to upgrade to? (service: %s, tag: %s)", service.Name, tag)
-				compatibleStrings = []string{}
-				for _, regVersion := range regVersions {
-					compatibleStrings = append(compatibleStrings, regVersion.Name)
-				}
-			}
 
 			var upgradeTag string
-			prompt := &survey.Select{
+			_, ok := servicePins[service.Name]
-				Message: msg,
+			if versionsPresent && ok {
-				Options: compatibleStrings,
+				pinnedTag := servicePins[service.Name].version
-			}
+				if tag.IsLessThan(pinnedTag) {
-			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &upgradeTag); err != nil {
+					pinnedTagString := pinnedTag.String()
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
+					contains := false
-			}
+					for _, v := range compatible {
+						if pinnedTag.IsUpgradeCompatible(v) {
+							contains = true
+							upgradeTag = v.String()
+							break
+						}
+					}
+					if contains {
+						logrus.Infof("Upgrading service %s from %s to %s (pinned tag: %s)", service.Name, tag.String(), upgradeTag, pinnedTagString)
+					} else {
+						logrus.Infof("service %s, image %s pinned to %s, no compatible upgrade found", service.Name, servicePins[service.Name].image, pinnedTagString)
+						continue
+					}
+				} else {
+					logrus.Fatalf("Service %s is at version %s, but pinned to %s, please correct your compose.yml file manually!", service.Name, tag.String(), pinnedTag.String())
+					continue
+				}
+			} else {
+				if bumpType != 0 {
+					for _, upTag := range compatible {
+						upElement, err := tag.UpgradeDelta(upTag)
+						if err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+						delta := upElement.UpgradeType()
+						if delta <= bumpType {
+							upgradeTag = upTag.String()
+							break
+						}
+					}
+					if upgradeTag == "" {
+						logrus.Warnf("not upgrading from '%s' to '%s' for '%s', because the upgrade type is more serious than what user wants.", tag.String(), compatible[0].String(), image)
+						continue
+					}
+				} else {
+					msg := fmt.Sprintf("upgrade to which tag? (service: %s, tag: %s)", service.Name, tag)
+					if !tagcmp.IsParsable(img.(reference.NamedTagged).Tag()) {
+						tag := img.(reference.NamedTagged).Tag()
+						logrus.Warning(fmt.Sprintf("unable to determine versioning semantics of '%s', listing all tags", tag))
+						msg = fmt.Sprintf("upgrade to which tag? (service: %s, tag: %s)", service.Name, tag)
+						compatibleStrings = []string{}
+						for _, regVersion := range regVersions {
+							compatibleStrings = append(compatibleStrings, regVersion.Name)
+						}
+					}
 
+					prompt := &survey.Select{
+						Message: msg,
+						Options: compatibleStrings,
+					}
+					if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &upgradeTag); err != nil {
+						logrus.Fatal(err)
+					}
+				}
+			}
 			if err := recipe.UpdateTag(image, upgradeTag); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
+			logrus.Infof("tag upgraded from '%s' to '%s' for '%s'", tag.String(), upgradeTag, image)
 		}
 
 		return nil

cli/recipe/version.go

@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ var recipeVersionCommand = &cli.Command{
 			logrus.Fatalf("'%s' recipe doesn't exist?", recipe.Name)
 		}
 
-		tableCol := []string{"Version", "Service", "Image", "Digest"}
+		tableCol := []string{"Version", "Service", "Image", "Tag", "Digest"}
 		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
 
 		for _, serviceVersion := range recipeMeta.Versions {
 			for tag, meta := range serviceVersion {
 				for service, serviceMeta := range meta {
-					table.Append([]string{tag, service, serviceMeta.Image, serviceMeta.Digest})
+					table.Append([]string{tag, service, serviceMeta.Image, serviceMeta.Tag, serviceMeta.Digest})
 				}
 			}
 		}

cli/record/list.go

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package record
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+
+	abraFormatter "coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
+	gandiPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/dns/gandi"
+	"github.com/libdns/gandi"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+// RecordListCommand lists domains.
+var RecordListCommand = &cli.Command{
+	Name:      "list",
+	Usage:     "List domain name records",
+	Aliases:   []string{"ls"},
+	ArgsUsage: "<zone>",
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.DNSProviderFlag,
+	},
+	Description: `
+This command lists all domain name records managed by a 3rd party provider for
+a specific zone.
+
+You must specify a zone (e.g. example.com) under which your domain name records
+are listed. This zone must already be created on your provider account.
+`,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		if err := internal.EnsureDNSProvider(); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		zone, err := internal.EnsureZoneArgument(c)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		var provider gandi.Provider
+		switch internal.DNSProvider {
+		case "gandi":
+			provider, err = gandiPkg.New()
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		default:
+			logrus.Fatalf("'%s' is not a supported DNS provider", internal.DNSProvider)
+		}
+
+		records, err := provider.GetRecords(c.Context, zone)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		tableCol := []string{"type", "name", "value", "TTL", "priority"}
+		table := abraFormatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
+
+		for _, record := range records {
+			value := record.Value
+			if len(record.Value) > 30 {
+				value = fmt.Sprintf("%s...", record.Value[:30])
+			}
+
+			table.Append([]string{
+				record.Type,
+				record.Name,
+				value,
+				record.TTL.String(),
+				strconv.Itoa(record.Priority),
+			})
+		}
+
+		table.Render()
+
+		return nil
+	},
+}

cli/record/new.go

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+package record
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+	"time"
+
+	abraFormatter "coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
+	gandiPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/dns/gandi"
+	"github.com/libdns/gandi"
+	"github.com/libdns/libdns"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+// RecordNewCommand creates a new domain name record.
+var RecordNewCommand = &cli.Command{
+	Name:      "new",
+	Usage:     "Create a new domain record",
+	Aliases:   []string{"n"},
+	ArgsUsage: "<zone>",
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.DNSProviderFlag,
+		internal.DNSTypeFlag,
+		internal.DNSNameFlag,
+		internal.DNSValueFlag,
+		internal.DNSTTLFlag,
+		internal.DNSPriorityFlag,
+	},
+	Description: `
+This command creates a new domain name record for a specific zone.
+
+You must specify a zone (e.g. example.com) under which your domain name records
+are listed. This zone must already be created on your provider account.
+
+Example:
+
+    abra record new foo.com -p gandi -t A -n myapp -v 192.168.178.44
+
+You may also invoke this command in "wizard" mode and be prompted for input
+
+    abra record new
+`,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		zone, err := internal.EnsureZoneArgument(c)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if err := internal.EnsureDNSProvider(); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		var provider gandi.Provider
+		switch internal.DNSProvider {
+		case "gandi":
+			provider, err = gandiPkg.New()
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		default:
+			logrus.Fatalf("'%s' is not a supported DNS provider", internal.DNSProvider)
+		}
+
+		if err := internal.EnsureDNSTypeFlag(c); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if err := internal.EnsureDNSNameFlag(c); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if err := internal.EnsureDNSValueFlag(c); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		record := libdns.Record{
+			Type:  internal.DNSType,
+			Name:  internal.DNSName,
+			Value: internal.DNSValue,
+			TTL:   time.Duration(internal.DNSTTL),
+		}
+
+		if internal.DNSType == "MX" || internal.DNSType == "SRV" || internal.DNSType == "URI" {
+			record.Priority = internal.DNSPriority
+		}
+
+		records, err := provider.GetRecords(c.Context, zone)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		for _, existingRecord := range records {
+			if existingRecord.Type == record.Type &&
+				existingRecord.Name == record.Name &&
+				existingRecord.Value == record.Value {
+				logrus.Fatal("provider library reports that this record already exists?")
+			}
+		}
+
+		createdRecords, err := provider.SetRecords(
+			c.Context,
+			zone,
+			[]libdns.Record{record},
+		)
+
+		if len(createdRecords) == 0 {
+			logrus.Fatal("provider library reports that no record was created?")
+		}
+
+		createdRecord := createdRecords[0]
+
+		tableCol := []string{"type", "name", "value", "TTL", "priority"}
+		table := abraFormatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
+
+		value := createdRecord.Value
+		if len(createdRecord.Value) > 30 {
+			value = fmt.Sprintf("%s...", createdRecord.Value[:30])
+		}
+
+		table.Append([]string{
+			createdRecord.Type,
+			createdRecord.Name,
+			value,
+			createdRecord.TTL.String(),
+			strconv.Itoa(createdRecord.Priority),
+		})
+
+		table.Render()
+
+		logrus.Info("record created")
+
+		return nil
+	},
+}

cli/record/record.go

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package record
+
+import (
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+// RecordCommand supports managing DNS entries.
+var RecordCommand = &cli.Command{
+	Name:      "record",
+	Usage:     "Manage domain name records via 3rd party providers",
+	Aliases:   []string{"rc"},
+	ArgsUsage: "<record>",
+	Description: `
+This command supports managing domain name records via 3rd party providers such
+as Gandi DNS. It supports listing, creating and removing all types of records
+that you might need for managing Co-op Cloud apps.
+
+The following providers are supported:
+
+    Gandi DNS https://www.gandi.net
+
+You need an account with such a provider already. Typically, you need to
+provide an API token on the Abra command-line when using these commands so that
+you can authenticate with your provider account.
+
+New providers can be integrated, we welcome change sets. See the underlying DNS
+library documentation for more. It supports many existing providers and allows
+to implement new provider support easily.
+
+    https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/libdns/libdns
+
+`,
+	Subcommands: []*cli.Command{
+		RecordListCommand,
+		RecordNewCommand,
+		RecordRemoveCommand,
+	},
+}

cli/record/remove.go

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+package record
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+
+	abraFormatter "coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
+	gandiPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/dns/gandi"
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	"github.com/libdns/gandi"
+	"github.com/libdns/libdns"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+// RecordRemoveCommand lists domains.
+var RecordRemoveCommand = &cli.Command{
+	Name:      "remove",
+	Usage:     "Remove a domain name record",
+	Aliases:   []string{"rm"},
+	ArgsUsage: "<zone>",
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.DNSProviderFlag,
+		internal.DNSTypeFlag,
+		internal.DNSNameFlag,
+	},
+	Description: `
+This command removes a domain name record for a specific zone.
+
+It uses the type of record and name to match existing records and choose one
+for deletion. You must specify a zone (e.g. example.com) under which your
+domain name records are listed. This zone must already be created on your
+provider account.
+
+Example:
+
+    abra record remove foo.com -p gandi -t A -n myapp
+
+You may also invoke this command in "wizard" mode and be prompted for input
+
+    abra record rm
+`,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		zone, err := internal.EnsureZoneArgument(c)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if err := internal.EnsureDNSProvider(); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		var provider gandi.Provider
+		switch internal.DNSProvider {
+		case "gandi":
+			provider, err = gandiPkg.New()
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		default:
+			logrus.Fatalf("'%s' is not a supported DNS provider", internal.DNSProvider)
+		}
+
+		if err := internal.EnsureDNSTypeFlag(c); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if err := internal.EnsureDNSNameFlag(c); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		records, err := provider.GetRecords(c.Context, zone)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		var toDelete libdns.Record
+		for _, record := range records {
+			if record.Type == internal.DNSType && record.Name == internal.DNSName {
+				toDelete = record
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (libdns.Record{}) == toDelete {
+			logrus.Fatal("provider library reports no matching record?")
+		}
+
+		tableCol := []string{"type", "name", "value", "TTL", "priority"}
+		table := abraFormatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
+
+		value := toDelete.Value
+		if len(toDelete.Value) > 30 {
+			value = fmt.Sprintf("%s...", toDelete.Value[:30])
+		}
+
+		table.Append([]string{
+			toDelete.Type,
+			toDelete.Name,
+			value,
+			toDelete.TTL.String(),
+			strconv.Itoa(toDelete.Priority),
+		})
+
+		table.Render()
+
+		response := false
+		prompt := &survey.Confirm{
+			Message: "continue with record deletion?",
+		}
+
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if !response {
+			logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
+		}
+
+		_, err = provider.DeleteRecords(c.Context, zone, []libdns.Record{toDelete})
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		logrus.Info("record successfully deleted")
+
+		return nil
+	},
+}

cli/server/add.go

@@ -1,29 +1,510 @@
 package server
 
 import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"os/user"
+	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
 
+	abraFormatter "coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	contextPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/context"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/server"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/ssh"
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/swarm"
+	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
 
-var serverAddCommand = &cli.Command{
+var (
-	Name:        "add",
+	dockerInstallMsg = `
-	Usage:       "Add a new server, reachable on <server>.",
+A docker installation cannot be found on %s. This is a required system
-	Aliases:     []string{"a"},
+dependency for running Co-op Cloud on your server. If you would like, Abra can
-	ArgsUsage:   "<server> [<user>] [<port>]",
+attempt to install Docker for you using the upstream non-interactive
-	Description: "[<user>], [<port>]    SSH connection details",
+installation script.
-	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+
-		argLen := c.Args().Len()
+See the following documentation for more:
-		args := c.Args().Slice()
+
-		if argLen < 3 {
+    https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/debian/#install-using-the-convenience-script
-			args = append(args, make([]string, 3-argLen)...)
+
+N.B Docker doesn't recommend it for production environments but many use it for
+such purposes. Docker stable is now installed by default by this script. The
+source for this script can be seen here:
+
+    https://github.com/docker/docker-install
+
+`
+)
+
+var local bool
+var localFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "local",
+	Aliases:     []string{"l"},
+	Value:       false,
+	Usage:       "Use local server",
+	Destination: &local,
+}
+
+var provision bool
+var provisionFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "provision",
+	Aliases:     []string{"p"},
+	Value:       false,
+	Usage:       "Provision server so it can deploy apps",
+	Destination: &provision,
+}
+
+var sshAuth string
+var sshAuthFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "ssh-auth",
+	Aliases:     []string{"sh"},
+	Value:       "identity-file",
+	Usage:       "Select SSH authentication method (identity-file, password)",
+	Destination: &sshAuth,
+}
+
+var askSudoPass bool
+var askSudoPassFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "ask-sudo-pass",
+	Aliases:     []string{"as"},
+	Value:       false,
+	Usage:       "Ask for sudo password",
+	Destination: &askSudoPass,
+}
+
+var traefik bool
+var traefikFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "traefik",
+	Aliases:     []string{"t"},
+	Value:       false,
+	Usage:       "Deploy traefik",
+	Destination: &traefik,
+}
+
+func cleanUp(domainName string) {
+	logrus.Warnf("cleaning up context for %s", domainName)
+	if err := client.DeleteContext(domainName); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	logrus.Warnf("cleaning up server directory for %s", domainName)
+	if err := os.RemoveAll(filepath.Join(config.ABRA_SERVER_FOLDER, domainName)); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func installDockerLocal(c *cli.Context) error {
+	fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf(dockerInstallMsg, "this local server"))
+
+	response := false
+	prompt := &survey.Confirm{
+		Message: fmt.Sprintf("attempt install docker on local server?"),
+	}
+	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if !response {
+		logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
+	}
+
+	cmd := exec.Command("bash", "-c", "curl -s https://get.docker.com | bash")
+	if err := internal.RunCmd(cmd); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func newLocalServer(c *cli.Context, domainName string) error {
+	if err := createServerDir(domainName); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	cl, err := newClient(c, domainName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if provision {
+		out, err := exec.Command("which", "docker").Output()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
 		}
-		if err := client.CreateContext(args[0], args[1], args[2]); err != nil {
+		if string(out) == "" {
+			if err := installDockerLocal(c); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		if err := initSwarmLocal(c, cl, domainName); err != nil {
+			if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "proxy already exists") {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if traefik {
+		if err := deployTraefik(c, cl, domainName); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	logrus.Info("local server has been added")
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func newContext(c *cli.Context, domainName, username, port string) error {
+	store := contextPkg.NewDefaultDockerContextStore()
+	contexts, err := store.Store.List()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	for _, context := range contexts {
+		if context.Name == domainName {
+			logrus.Debugf("context for %s already exists", domainName)
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("creating context with domain %s, username %s and port %s", domainName, username, port)
+
+	if err := client.CreateContext(domainName, username, port); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func newClient(c *cli.Context, domainName string) (*dockerClient.Client, error) {
+	cl, err := client.New(domainName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return &dockerClient.Client{}, err
+	}
+	return cl, nil
+}
+
+func installDocker(c *cli.Context, cl *dockerClient.Client, sshCl *ssh.Client, domainName string) error {
+	result, err := sshCl.Exec("which docker")
+	if err != nil && string(result) != "" {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if string(result) == "" {
+		fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf(dockerInstallMsg, domainName))
+
+		response := false
+		prompt := &survey.Confirm{
+			Message: fmt.Sprintf("attempt install docker on %s?", domainName),
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !response {
+			logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
+		}
+
+		cmd := "curl -s https://get.docker.com | bash"
+
+		var sudoPass string
+		if askSudoPass {
+			prompt := &survey.Password{
+				Message: "sudo password?",
+			}
+			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &sudoPass); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			logrus.Debugf("running '%s' on %s now with sudo password", cmd, domainName)
+			if err := ssh.RunSudoCmd(cmd, sudoPass, sshCl); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		} else {
+			logrus.Debugf("running '%s' on %s now without sudo password", cmd, domainName)
+			if err := ssh.Exec(cmd, sshCl); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	logrus.Infof("docker is installed on %s", domainName)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func initSwarmLocal(c *cli.Context, cl *dockerClient.Client, domainName string) error {
+	initReq := swarm.InitRequest{ListenAddr: "0.0.0.0:2377"}
+	if _, err := cl.SwarmInit(c.Context, initReq); err != nil {
+		if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "is already part of a swarm") {
+			return err
+		}
+		logrus.Info("swarm mode already initialised on local server")
+	} else {
+		logrus.Infof("initialised swarm mode on local server")
+	}
+
+	netOpts := types.NetworkCreate{Driver: "overlay", Scope: "swarm"}
+	if _, err := cl.NetworkCreate(c.Context, "proxy", netOpts); err != nil {
+		if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "proxy already exists") {
+			return err
+		}
+		logrus.Info("swarm overlay network already created on local server")
+	} else {
+		logrus.Infof("swarm overlay network created on local server")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func initSwarm(c *cli.Context, cl *dockerClient.Client, domainName string) error {
+	// comrade librehosters DNS resolver -> https://www.privacy-handbuch.de/handbuch_93d.htm
+	freifunkDNS := "5.1.66.255:53"
+
+	resolver := &net.Resolver{
+		PreferGo: false,
+		Dial: func(ctx context.Context, network, address string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			d := net.Dialer{
+				Timeout: time.Millisecond * time.Duration(10000),
+			}
+			return d.DialContext(ctx, "udp", freifunkDNS)
+		},
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("created DNS resolver via '%s'", freifunkDNS)
+
+	ips, err := resolver.LookupIPAddr(c.Context, domainName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if len(ips) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unable to retrieve ipv4 address for %s", domainName)
+	}
+
+	ipv4 := ips[0].IP.To4().String()
+	logrus.Debugf("discovered the following ipv4 addr: %s", ipv4)
+
+	initReq := swarm.InitRequest{
+		ListenAddr:    "0.0.0.0:2377",
+		AdvertiseAddr: ipv4,
+	}
+	if _, err := cl.SwarmInit(c.Context, initReq); err != nil {
+		if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "is already part of a swarm") {
+			return err
+		}
+		logrus.Infof("swarm mode already initialised on %s", domainName)
+	} else {
+		logrus.Infof("initialised swarm mode on %s", domainName)
+	}
+
+	netOpts := types.NetworkCreate{Driver: "overlay", Scope: "swarm"}
+	if _, err := cl.NetworkCreate(c.Context, "proxy", netOpts); err != nil {
+		if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "proxy already exists") {
+			return err
+		}
+		logrus.Infof("swarm overlay network already created on %s", domainName)
+	} else {
+		logrus.Infof("swarm overlay network created on %s", domainName)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func createServerDir(domainName string) error {
+	if err := server.CreateServerDir(domainName); err != nil {
+		if !os.IsExist(err) {
+			return err
+		}
+		logrus.Debugf("server dir for %s already created", domainName)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func deployTraefik(c *cli.Context, cl *dockerClient.Client, domainName string) error {
+	internal.NoInput = true
+
+	internal.RecipeName = "traefik"
+	internal.NewAppServer = domainName
+	internal.Domain = fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", "traefik", domainName)
+	internal.NewAppName = fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", "traefik", config.SanitiseAppName(domainName))
+
+	appEnvPath := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "servers", internal.Domain, fmt.Sprintf("%s.env", internal.NewAppName))
+	if _, err := os.Stat(appEnvPath); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf(`
+	You specified "--traefik/-t" and that means that Abra will now try to
+	automatically create a new Traefik app on %s.
+	`, internal.NewAppServer))
+
+		tableCol := []string{"recipe", "domain", "server", "name"}
+		table := abraFormatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
+		table.Append([]string{internal.RecipeName, internal.Domain, internal.NewAppServer, internal.NewAppName})
+
+		if err := internal.NewAction(c); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		fmt.Println(args[0])
+	} else {
+		logrus.Infof("%s already exists, not creating again", appEnvPath)
+	}
+
+	internal.AppName = internal.NewAppName
+	if err := internal.DeployAction(c); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+var serverAddCommand = &cli.Command{
+	Name:  "add",
+	Usage: "Add a server to your configuration",
+	Description: `
+This command adds a new server to your configuration so that it can be managed
+by Abra. This can be useful when you already have a server provisioned and want
+to start running Abra commands against it. 
+
+This command can also provision your server ("--provision/-p") so that it is
+capable of hosting Co-op Cloud apps. Abra will default to expecting that you
+have a running ssh-agent and are using SSH keys to connect to your new server.
+Abra will also read your SSH config (matching "Host" as <domain>). SSH
+connection details precedence follows as such: command-line > SSH config >
+guessed defaults.
+
+If you have no SSH key configured for this host and are instead using password
+authentication, you may pass "--ssh-auth password" to have Abra ask you for the
+password. "--ask-sudo-pass" may be passed if you run your provisioning commands
+via sudo privilege escalation.
+
+If "--local" is passed, then Abra assumes that the current local server is
+intended as the target server. This is useful when you want to have your entire
+Co-op Cloud config located on the server itself, and not on your local
+developer machine.
+
+Example:
+
+    abra server add --local
+
+Otherwise, you may specify a remote server. The <domain> argument must be a
+publicy accessible domain name which points to your server. You should have SSH
+access to this server, Abra will assume port 22 and will use your current
+system username to make an initial connection. You can use the <user> and
+<port> arguments to adjust this.
+
+Example:
+
+    abra server add --provision --traefik varia.zone glodemodem 12345
+
+Abra will construct the following SSH connection and Docker context:
+
+    ssh://globemodem@varia.zone:12345
+
+All communication between Abra and the server will use this SSH connection.
+
+In this example, Abra will run the following operations:
+
+    1. Install Docker
+		2. Initialise Swarm mode
+		3. Deploy Traefik (core web proxy)
+
+You may omit flags to avoid performing this provisioning logic.
+`,
+	Aliases: []string{"a"},
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		localFlag,
+		provisionFlag,
+		sshAuthFlag,
+		askSudoPassFlag,
+		traefikFlag,
+	},
+	ArgsUsage: "<domain> [<user>] [<port>]",
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		if c.Args().Len() > 0 && local || !internal.ValidateSubCmdFlags(c) {
+			err := errors.New("cannot use '<domain>' and '--local' together")
+			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, err)
+		}
+
+		if sshAuth != "password" && sshAuth != "identity-file" {
+			err := errors.New("--ssh-auth only accepts 'identity-file' or 'password'")
+			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, err)
+		}
+
+		if local {
+			if err := newLocalServer(c, "default"); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		domainName, err := internal.ValidateDomain(c)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		username := c.Args().Get(1)
+		if username == "" {
+			systemUser, err := user.Current()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			username = systemUser.Username
+		}
+
+		port := c.Args().Get(2)
+		if port == "" {
+			port = "22"
+		}
+
+		if err := createServerDir(domainName); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if err := newContext(c, domainName, username, port); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		cl, err := newClient(c, domainName)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if provision {
+			logrus.Debugf("attempting to construct SSH client for %s", domainName)
+			sshCl, err := ssh.New(domainName, sshAuth, username, port)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			defer sshCl.Close()
+			logrus.Debugf("successfully created SSH client for %s", domainName)
+
+			if err := installDocker(c, cl, sshCl, domainName); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if err := initSwarm(c, cl, domainName); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		if _, err := cl.Info(c.Context); err != nil {
+			cleanUp(domainName)
+			logrus.Fatalf("couldn't make a remote docker connection to %s? use --provision/-p to attempt to install", domainName)
+		}
+
+		if traefik {
+			if err := deployTraefik(c, cl, domainName); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
 		return nil
 	},
 }

cli/server/init.go

@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
-package server
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"net"
-	"time"
-
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/swarm"
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
-)
-
-var serverInitCommand = &cli.Command{
-	Name:      "init",
-	Usage:     "Initialise server for deploying apps",
-	Aliases:   []string{"i"},
-	HideHelp:  true,
-	ArgsUsage: "<server>",
-	Description: `
-Initialise swarm mode on the target <server>.
-
-This initialisation explicitly chooses the "single host swarm" mode which uses
-the default IPv4 address as the advertising address. This can be re-configured
-later for more advanced use cases.
-`,
-	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		server := c.Args().First()
-		if server == "" {
-			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no server provided"))
-		}
-
-		cl, err := client.New(server)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		resolver := &net.Resolver{
-			PreferGo: false,
-			Dial: func(ctx context.Context, network, address string) (net.Conn, error) {
-				d := net.Dialer{
-					Timeout: time.Millisecond * time.Duration(10000),
-				}
-				// comrade librehosters DNS resolver https://snopyta.org/service/dns/
-				return d.DialContext(ctx, "udp", "95.216.24.230:53")
-			},
-		}
-
-		ctx := context.Background()
-		ips, err := resolver.LookupIPAddr(ctx, server)
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if len(ips) == 0 {
-			return fmt.Errorf("unable to retrieve ipv4 address for %s", server)
-		}
-		ipv4 := ips[0].IP.To4().String()
-
-		initReq := swarm.InitRequest{
-			ListenAddr:    "0.0.0.0:2377",
-			AdvertiseAddr: ipv4,
-		}
-		if _, err := cl.SwarmInit(ctx, initReq); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		netOpts := types.NetworkCreate{Driver: "overlay", Scope: "swarm"}
-		if _, err := cl.NetworkCreate(ctx, "proxy", netOpts); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		return nil
-	},
-}

cli/server/list.go

@@ -4,8 +4,9 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/context"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/connhelper/ssh"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
@@ -13,16 +14,17 @@ import (
 var serverListCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Name:      "list",
 	Aliases:   []string{"ls"},
-	Usage:     "List locally-defined servers.",
+	Usage:     "List managed servers",
 	ArgsUsage: " ",
 	HideHelp:  true,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		dockerContextStore := client.NewDefaultDockerContextStore()
+		dockerContextStore := context.NewDefaultDockerContextStore()
 		contexts, err := dockerContextStore.Store.List()
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		tableColumns := []string{"Name", "Connection"}
+
+		tableColumns := []string{"name", "host", "user", "port"}
 		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableColumns)
 		defer table.Render()
 
@@ -30,26 +32,33 @@ var serverListCommand = &cli.Command{
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		for _, serverName := range serverNames {
 
+		for _, serverName := range serverNames {
 			var row []string
 			for _, ctx := range contexts {
-				endpoint, err := client.GetContextEndpoint(ctx)
+				endpoint, err := context.GetContextEndpoint(ctx)
 				if err != nil && strings.Contains(err.Error(), "does not exist") {
 					// No local context found, we can continue safely
 					continue
 				}
 				if ctx.Name == serverName {
-					row = []string{serverName, endpoint}
+					sp, err := ssh.ParseURL(endpoint)
+					if err != nil {
+						logrus.Fatal(err)
+					}
+					row = []string{serverName, sp.Host, sp.User, sp.Port}
 				}
 			}
 			if len(row) == 0 {
-				row = []string{serverName, "UNKNOWN"}
+				if serverName == "default" {
+					row = []string{serverName, "local", "n/a", "n/a"}
+				} else {
+					row = []string{serverName, "unknown", "unknown", "unknown"}
+				}
 			}
 			table.Append(row)
-
 		}
-		return nil
 
+		return nil
 	},
 }

cli/server/new.go

@@ -1,252 +1,236 @@
 package server
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
-	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"io/ioutil"
+	"strings"
-	"net/http"
-	"time"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
+	"coopcloud.tech/libcapsul"
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
 	"github.com/hetznercloud/hcloud-go/hcloud"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
 
-var hetznerCloudType string
+func newHetznerCloudVPS(c *cli.Context) error {
-var hetznerCloudImage string
+	if err := internal.EnsureNewHetznerCloudVPSFlags(c); err != nil {
-var hetznerCloudSSHKeys cli.StringSlice
+		return err
-var hetznerCloudLocation string
+	}
-var hetznerCloudAPIToken string
-var serverNewHetznerCloudCommand = &cli.Command{
-	Name:      "hetzner",
-	Usage:     "Create a new Hetzner virtual server",
-	ArgsUsage: "<name>",
-	Description: `
-Create a new Hetzner virtual server.
 
-This command uses the uses the Hetzner Cloud API bindings to send a server
+	client := hcloud.NewClient(hcloud.WithToken(internal.HetznerCloudAPIToken))
-creation request. You must already have a Hetzner Cloud account and an account
-API token before using this command.
 
-Your token can be loaded from the environment using the HCLOUD_TOKEN
+	var sshKeysRaw []string
-environment variable or otherwise passing the "--env/-e" flag.
+	var sshKeys []*hcloud.SSHKey
-`,
+	for _, sshKey := range c.StringSlice("hetzner-ssh-keys") {
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		if sshKey == "" {
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			continue
-			Name:        "type",
-			Aliases:     []string{"t"},
-			Usage:       "Server type",
-			Destination: &hetznerCloudType,
-			Value:       "cx11",
-		},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:        "image",
-			Aliases:     []string{"i"},
-			Usage:       "Image type",
-			Value:       "debian-10",
-			Destination: &hetznerCloudImage,
-		},
-		&cli.StringSliceFlag{
-			Name:        "ssh-keys",
-			Aliases:     []string{"s"},
-			Usage:       "SSH keys",
-			Destination: &hetznerCloudSSHKeys,
-		},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:        "location",
-			Aliases:     []string{"l"},
-			Usage:       "Server location",
-			Value:       "hel1",
-			Destination: &hetznerCloudLocation,
-		},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:        "token",
-			Aliases:     []string{"T"},
-			Usage:       "Hetzner Cloud API token",
-			EnvVars:     []string{"HCLOUD_TOKEN"},
-			Destination: &hetznerCloudAPIToken,
-		},
-	},
-	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		name := c.Args().First()
-		if name == "" {
-			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no name provided"))
 		}
 
-		if hetznerCloudAPIToken == "" {
+		sshKey, _, err := client.SSHKey.GetByName(c.Context, sshKey)
-			logrus.Fatal("Hetzner Cloud API token is missing, cannot continue")
-		}
-
-		ctx := context.Background()
-		client := hcloud.NewClient(hcloud.WithToken(hetznerCloudAPIToken))
-
-		var sshKeys []*hcloud.SSHKey
-		for _, sshKey := range c.StringSlice("ssh-keys") {
-			sshKey, _, err := client.SSHKey.GetByName(ctx, sshKey)
-			if err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-			sshKeys = append(sshKeys, sshKey)
-		}
-
-		serverOpts := hcloud.ServerCreateOpts{
-			Name:       name,
-			ServerType: &hcloud.ServerType{Name: hetznerCloudType},
-			Image:      &hcloud.Image{Name: hetznerCloudImage},
-			SSHKeys:    sshKeys,
-			Location:   &hcloud.Location{Name: hetznerCloudLocation},
-		}
-		res, _, err := client.Server.Create(ctx, serverOpts)
 		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+			return err
 		}
+		sshKeys = append(sshKeys, sshKey)
+		sshKeysRaw = append(sshKeysRaw, sshKey.Name)
+	}
 
-		tableColumns := []string{"Name", "IPv4", "Root Password"}
+	serverOpts := hcloud.ServerCreateOpts{
-		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableColumns)
+		Name:       internal.HetznerCloudName,
-		if len(sshKeys) > 0 {
+		ServerType: &hcloud.ServerType{Name: internal.HetznerCloudType},
-			table.Append([]string{name, res.Server.PublicNet.IPv4.IP.String(), "N/A (using SSH keys)"})
+		Image:      &hcloud.Image{Name: internal.HetznerCloudImage},
-		} else {
+		SSHKeys:    sshKeys,
-			table.Append([]string{name, res.Server.PublicNet.IPv4.IP.String(), res.RootPassword})
+		Location:   &hcloud.Location{Name: internal.HetznerCloudLocation},
-		}
+	}
-		table.Render()
 
-		return nil
+	tableColumns := []string{"name", "type", "image", "ssh-keys", "location"}
-	},
+	table := formatter.CreateTable(tableColumns)
+	table.Append([]string{
+		internal.HetznerCloudName,
+		internal.HetznerCloudType,
+		internal.HetznerCloudImage,
+		strings.Join(sshKeysRaw, "\n"),
+		internal.HetznerCloudLocation,
+	})
+	table.Render()
+
+	response := false
+	prompt := &survey.Confirm{
+		Message: "continue with hetzner cloud VPS creation?",
+	}
+
+	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if !response {
+		logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
+	}
+
+	res, _, err := client.Server.Create(c.Context, serverOpts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	var rootPassword string
+	if len(sshKeys) > 0 {
+		rootPassword = "N/A (using SSH keys)"
+	} else {
+		rootPassword = res.RootPassword
+	}
+
+	ip := res.Server.PublicNet.IPv4.IP.String()
+
+	fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf(`
+Your new Hetzner Cloud VPS has successfully been created! Here are the details:
+
+    name: %s
+    IP address: %s
+    root password: %s
+
+You can access this new VPS via SSH using the following command:
+
+    ssh root@%s
+
+Please note, this server is not managed by Abra yet (i.e. "abra server ls" will
+not list this server)! You will need to assign a domain name record ("abra
+record new") and add the server to your Abra configuration ("abra server add")
+to have a working server that you can deploy Co-op Cloud apps to.
+	`,
+		internal.HetznerCloudName, ip, rootPassword,
+		ip,
+	))
+
+	return nil
 }
 
-var capsulInstance string
+func newCapsulVPS(c *cli.Context) error {
-var capsulType string
+	if err := internal.EnsureNewCapsulVPSFlags(c); err != nil {
-var capsulImage string
+		return err
-var capsulSSHKey string
+	}
-var capsulAPIToken string
-var serverNewCapsulCommand = &cli.Command{
-	Name:      "capsul",
-	Usage:     "Create a new Capsul virtual server",
-	ArgsUsage: "<name>",
-	Description: `
-Create a new Capsul virtual server.
 
-This command uses the uses the Capsul API bindings of your chosen instance to
+	capsulCreateURL := fmt.Sprintf("https://%s/api/capsul/create", internal.CapsulInstanceURL)
-send a server creation request. You must already have an account on your chosen
-Capsul instance before using this command.
 
-Your token can be loaded from the environment using the CAPSUL_TOKEN
+	var sshKeys []string
-environment variable or otherwise passing the "--env/-e" flag.
+	for _, sshKey := range c.StringSlice("capsul-ssh-keys") {
-`,
+		if sshKey == "" {
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+			continue
-		&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:        "instance",
-			Aliases:     []string{"I"},
-			Usage:       "Capsul instance",
-			Destination: &capsulInstance,
-			Value:       "yolo.servers.coop",
-		},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:        "type",
-			Aliases:     []string{"t"},
-			Usage:       "Server type",
-			Value:       "f1-xs",
-			Destination: &capsulType,
-		},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:        "image",
-			Aliases:     []string{"i"},
-			Usage:       "Image type",
-			Value:       "debian10",
-			Destination: &capsulImage,
-		},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:        "ssh-key",
-			Aliases:     []string{"s"},
-			Usage:       "SSH key",
-			Value:       "",
-			Destination: &capsulSSHKey,
-		},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:        "token",
-			Aliases:     []string{"T"},
-			Usage:       "Capsul instance API token",
-			EnvVars:     []string{"CAPSUL_TOKEN"},
-			Destination: &capsulAPIToken,
-		},
-	},
-	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		name := c.Args().First()
-		if name == "" {
-			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no name provided"))
 		}
+		sshKeys = append(sshKeys, sshKey)
+	}
 
-		if capsulAPIToken == "" {
+	tableColumns := []string{"instance", "name", "type", "image", "ssh-keys"}
-			logrus.Fatal("Capsul API token is missing, cannot continue")
+	table := formatter.CreateTable(tableColumns)
-		}
+	table.Append([]string{
+		internal.CapsulInstanceURL,
+		internal.CapsulName,
+		internal.CapsulType,
+		internal.CapsulImage,
+		strings.Join(sshKeys, "\n"),
+	})
+	table.Render()
 
-		// yep, the response time is quite slow, something to fix Capsul side
+	response := false
-		client := &http.Client{Timeout: 20 * time.Second}
+	prompt := &survey.Confirm{
+		Message: "continue with capsul creation?",
+	}
 
-		capsulCreateURL := fmt.Sprintf("https://%s/api/capsul/create", capsulInstance)
+	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
-		values := map[string]string{
+		return err
-			"name":      name,
+	}
-			"size":      capsulType,
-			"os":        capsulImage,
-			"ssh_key_0": capsulSSHKey,
-		}
 
-		payload, err := json.Marshal(values)
+	if !response {
-		if err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
-		}
 
-		req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", capsulCreateURL, bytes.NewBuffer(payload))
+	capsulClient := libcapsul.New(capsulCreateURL, internal.CapsulAPIToken)
-		if err != nil {
+	resp, err := capsulClient.Create(
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		internal.CapsulName,
-		}
+		internal.CapsulType,
+		internal.CapsulImage,
+		sshKeys,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 
-		req.Header = http.Header{
+	fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf(`
-			"Content-Type":  []string{"application/json"},
+Your new Capsul has successfully been created! Here are the details:
-			"Authorization": []string{capsulAPIToken},
-		}
 
-		res, err := client.Do(req)
+    Capsul name: %s
-		if err != nil {
+    Capsul ID:   %v
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-		defer res.Body.Close()
 
-		if res.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+You will need to log into your Capsul instance web interface to retrieve the IP
-			body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
+address. You can learn all about how to get SSH access to your new Capsul on:
-			if err != nil {
-				panic(err)
-			}
-			logrus.Fatal(string(body))
-		}
 
-		type capsulCreateResponse struct{ ID string }
+    %s/about-ssh
-		var resp capsulCreateResponse
-		if err := json.NewDecoder(res.Body).Decode(&resp); err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
 
-		tableColumns := []string{"Name", "ID"}
+Please note, this server is not managed by Abra yet (i.e. "abra server ls" will
-		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableColumns)
+not list this server)! You will need to assign a domain name record ("abra
-		table.Append([]string{name, resp.ID})
+record new") and add the server to your Abra configuration ("abra server add")
-		table.Render()
+to have a working server that you can deploy Co-op Cloud apps to.
+	`, internal.CapsulName, resp.ID, internal.CapsulInstanceURL))
 
-		return nil
+	return nil
-	},
 }
 
 var serverNewCommand = &cli.Command{
-	Name:        "new",
+	Name:    "new",
-	Usage:       "Create a new server using a 3rd party provider",
+	Aliases: []string{"n"},
-	Description: "Use a provider plugin to create a new server which can then be used to house a new Co-op Cloud installation.",
+	Usage:   "Create a new server using a 3rd party provider",
-	ArgsUsage:   "<provider>",
+	Description: `
-	Subcommands: []*cli.Command{
+This command creates a new server via a 3rd party provider.
-		serverNewHetznerCloudCommand,
+
-		serverNewCapsulCommand,
+The following providers are supported:
+
+		Capsul https://git.cyberia.club/Cyberia/capsul-flask
+    Hetzner Cloud https://docs.hetzner.com/cloud
+
+You may invoke this command in "wizard" mode and be prompted for input:
+
+    abra record new
+
+API tokens are read from the environment if specified, e.g.
+
+    export HCLOUD_TOKEN=...
+
+Where "$provider_TOKEN" is the expected env var format.
+`,
+	ArgsUsage: "<provider>",
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.ServerProviderFlag,
+
+		// Capsul
+		internal.CapsulInstanceURLFlag,
+		internal.CapsulTypeFlag,
+		internal.CapsulImageFlag,
+		internal.CapsulSSHKeysFlag,
+		internal.CapsulAPITokenFlag,
+
+		// Hetzner
+		internal.HetznerCloudNameFlag,
+		internal.HetznerCloudTypeFlag,
+		internal.HetznerCloudImageFlag,
+		internal.HetznerCloudSSHKeysFlag,
+		internal.HetznerCloudLocationFlag,
+		internal.HetznerCloudAPITokenFlag,
+	},
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		if err := internal.EnsureServerProvider(); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		switch internal.ServerProvider {
+		case "capsul":
+			if err := newCapsulVPS(c); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		case "hetzner-cloud":
+			if err := newHetznerCloudVPS(c); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		return nil
 	},
 }

cli/server/remove.go

@@ -1,31 +1,159 @@
 package server
 
 import (
-	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	"github.com/hetznercloud/hcloud-go/hcloud"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
 
-var serverRemoveCommand = &cli.Command{
+var rmServer bool
-	Name:    "remove",
+var rmServerFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
-	Aliases: []string{"rm"},
+	Name:        "server",
-	Usage:   "Remove a server",
+	Aliases:     []string{"s"},
-	Description: `
+	Value:       false,
-This does not destroy the actual server. It simply removes it from Abra
+	Usage:       "remove the actual server also",
-internal bookkeeping so that it is not managed any more.
+	Destination: &rmServer,
-`,
+}
-	HideHelp: true,
+
-	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+func rmHetznerCloudVPS(c *cli.Context) error {
-		server := c.Args().First()
+	if internal.HetznerCloudName == "" && !internal.NoInput {
-		if server == "" {
+		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no server provided"))
+			Message: "specify hetzner cloud VPS name",
 		}
-		if err := client.DeleteContext(server); err != nil {
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &internal.HetznerCloudName); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if internal.HetznerCloudAPIToken == "" && !internal.NoInput {
+		token, ok := os.LookupEnv("HCLOUD_TOKEN")
+		if !ok {
+			prompt := &survey.Input{
+				Message: "specify hetzner cloud API token",
+			}
+			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &internal.HetznerCloudAPIToken); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		} else {
+			internal.HetznerCloudAPIToken = token
+		}
+	}
+
+	client := hcloud.NewClient(hcloud.WithToken(internal.HetznerCloudAPIToken))
+
+	server, _, err := client.Server.Get(c.Context, internal.HetznerCloudName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if server == nil {
+		logrus.Fatalf("library provider reports that %s doesn't exist?", internal.HetznerCloudName)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf(`
+You have requested that Abra delete the following server (%s). Please be
+absolutely sure that this is indeed the server that you would like to have
+removed. There will be no going back once you confirm, the server will be
+destroyed.
+`, server.Name))
+
+	tableColumns := []string{"name", "type", "image", "location"}
+	table := formatter.CreateTable(tableColumns)
+	table.Append([]string{
+		server.Name,
+		server.ServerType.Name,
+		server.Image.Name,
+		server.Datacenter.Name,
+	})
+	table.Render()
+
+	response := false
+	prompt := &survey.Confirm{
+		Message: "continue with hetzner cloud VPS removal?",
+	}
+
+	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if !response {
+		logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
+	}
+
+	_, err = client.Server.Delete(c.Context, server)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	logrus.Infof("%s has been deleted from your hetzner cloud account", internal.HetznerCloudName)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+var serverRemoveCommand = &cli.Command{
+	Name:      "remove",
+	Aliases:   []string{"rm"},
+	ArgsUsage: "<server>",
+	Usage:     "Remove a managed server",
+	Description: `
+This command removes a server from Abra management.
+
+Depending on whether you used a 3rd party provider to create this server ("abra
+server new"), you can also destroy the virtual server as well. Pass
+"--server/-s" to tell Abra to try to delete this VPS.
+
+Otherwise, Abra will remove the internal bookkeeping (~/.abra/servers/...) and
+underlying client connection context. This server will then be lost in time,
+like tears in rain.
+`,
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		rmServerFlag,
+
+		// Hetzner
+		internal.HetznerCloudNameFlag,
+		internal.HetznerCloudAPITokenFlag,
+	},
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		serverName, err := internal.ValidateServer(c)
+		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
+
+		if rmServer {
+			if err := internal.EnsureServerProvider(); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			switch internal.ServerProvider {
+			case "capsul":
+				logrus.Warn("capsul provider does not support automatic removal yet, sorry!")
+			case "hetzner-cloud":
+				if err := rmHetznerCloudVPS(c); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+		}
+
+		if err := client.DeleteContext(serverName); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if err := os.RemoveAll(filepath.Join(config.ABRA_SERVER_FOLDER, serverName)); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		logrus.Infof("server at '%s' has been lost in time, like tears in rain", serverName)
+
 		return nil
 	},
 }

cli/server/server.go

@@ -8,17 +8,18 @@ import (
 var ServerCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Name:    "server",
 	Aliases: []string{"s"},
-	Usage:   "Manage servers",
+	Usage:   "Manage servers via 3rd party providers",
 	Description: `
-Manage the lifecycle of a server.
+These commands support creating, managing and removing servers using 3rd party
+integrations. 
 
-These commands support creating new servers using 3rd party integrations,
+Servers can be created from scratch using the "abra server new" command. If you
-initialising existing servers to support Co-op Cloud deployments and managing
+already have a server, you can add it to your configuration using "abra server
-the connections to those servers.
+add". Abra can provision servers so that they are ready to deploy Co-op Cloud
+apps, see available flags on "server add" for more.
 `,
 	Subcommands: []*cli.Command{
 		serverNewCommand,
-		serverInitCommand,
 		serverAddCommand,
 		serverListCommand,
 		serverRemoveCommand,

cli/upgrade.go

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ var UpgradeCommand = &cli.Command{
 	Usage: "Upgrade abra",
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
 		cmd := exec.Command("bash", "-c", "curl -s https://install.abra.coopcloud.tech | bash")
+		logrus.Debugf("attempting to run '%s'", cmd)
 		if err := internal.RunCmd(cmd); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}

cli/version.go

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-package cli
-
-import (
-	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
-)
-
-// VersionCommand prints the version of abra.
-var VersionCommand = &cli.Command{
-	Name:  "version",
-	Usage: "Print version",
-	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		cli.VersionPrinter(c)
-		return nil
-	},
-}

go.mod

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 module coopcloud.tech/abra
 
-go 1.17
+go 1.16
 
 require (
-	coopcloud.tech/tagcmp v0.0.0-20210906102006-2a8edd82d75d
+	coopcloud.tech/tagcmp v0.0.0-20211103052201-885b22f77d52
 	github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2 v2.3.1
-	github.com/Autonomic-Cooperative/godotenv v1.3.1
+	github.com/Autonomic-Cooperative/godotenv v1.3.1-0.20210731170023-c37c0920d1a4
+	github.com/Gurpartap/logrus-stack v0.0.0-20170710170904-89c00d8a28f4
 	github.com/docker/cli v20.10.8+incompatible
 	github.com/docker/distribution v2.7.1+incompatible
 	github.com/docker/docker v20.10.8+incompatible
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/moby/term v0.0.0-20210619224110-3f7ff695adc6
 	github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter v0.0.5
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1
+	github.com/schollz/progressbar/v3 v3.8.3
 	github.com/schultz-is/passgen v1.0.1
 	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.8.1
 	github.com/urfave/cli/v2 v2.3.0
@@ -23,72 +25,23 @@ require (
 )
 
 require (
-	github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20210617225240-d185dfc1b5a1 // indirect
+	coopcloud.tech/libcapsul v0.0.0-20211022074848-c35e78fe3f3e
-	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.4.17 // indirect
 	github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim v0.8.21 // indirect
-	github.com/ProtonMail/go-crypto v0.0.0-20210428141323-04723f9f07d7 // indirect
-	github.com/acomagu/bufpipe v1.0.3 // indirect
-	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
-	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/containerd/cgroups v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/containerd/containerd v1.5.5 // indirect
-	github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.6.4 // indirect
-	github.com/docker/go v1.5.1-1.0.20160303222718-d30aec9fd63c // indirect
+	github.com/facebookgo/stack v0.0.0-20160209184415-751773369052 // indirect
-	github.com/docker/go-connections v0.4.0 // indirect
-	github.com/docker/go-metrics v0.0.1 // indirect
-	github.com/emirpasic/gods v1.12.0 // indirect
 	github.com/fvbommel/sortorder v1.0.2 // indirect
-	github.com/go-git/gcfg v1.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/gliderlabs/ssh v0.2.2
-	github.com/go-git/go-billy/v5 v5.3.1 // indirect
-	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 // indirect
-	github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20200121045136-8c9f03a8e57e // indirect
-	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.0 // indirect
-	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.5 // indirect
 	github.com/google/shlex v0.0.0-20191202100458-e7afc7fbc510 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/mux v1.8.0 // indirect
-	github.com/imdario/mergo v0.3.12 // indirect
+	github.com/kevinburke/ssh_config v0.0.0-20201106050909-4977a11b4351
-	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/libdns/gandi v1.0.2
-	github.com/jbenet/go-context v0.0.0-20150711004518-d14ea06fba99 // indirect
+	github.com/libdns/libdns v0.2.1
-	github.com/kballard/go-shellquote v0.0.0-20180428030007-95032a82bc51 // indirect
-	github.com/kevinburke/ssh_config v0.0.0-20201106050909-4977a11b4351 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.2 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.8 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.9 // indirect
-	github.com/matttproud/golang_protobuf_extensions v1.0.2-0.20181231171920-c182affec369 // indirect
-	github.com/mgutz/ansi v0.0.0-20170206155736-9520e82c474b // indirect
-	github.com/miekg/pkcs11 v1.0.3 // indirect
-	github.com/mitchellh/go-homedir v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/sys/mount v0.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/moby/sys/mountinfo v0.4.1 // indirect
 	github.com/morikuni/aec v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/opencontainers/runc v1.0.2 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.11.0 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/common v0.26.0 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.6.0 // indirect
-	github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.0.1 // indirect
-	github.com/sergi/go-diff v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/shurcooL/sanitized_anchor_name v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5 // indirect
 	github.com/theupdateframework/notary v0.7.0 // indirect
-	github.com/xanzy/ssh-agent v0.3.0 // indirect
-	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonpointer v0.0.0-20180127040702-4e3ac2762d5f // indirect
-	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonreference v0.0.0-20180127040603-bd5ef7bd5415 // indirect
 	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonschema v1.2.0 // indirect
-	go.opencensus.io v0.22.3 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210817164053-32db794688a5
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210421170649-83a5a9bb288b // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210910150752-751e447fb3d0
-	golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210326060303-6b1517762897 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210630005230-0f9fa26af87c // indirect
-	golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20210503060354-a79de5458b56 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.3.4 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20201110150050-8816d57aaa9a // indirect
-	google.golang.org/grpc v1.33.2 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0 // indirect
-	gopkg.in/warnings.v0 v0.1.2 // indirect
-	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -21,13 +21,15 @@ cloud.google.com/go/pubsub v1.2.0/go.mod h1:jhfEVHT8odbXTkndysNHCcx0awwzvfOlguIA
 cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.0.0/go.mod h1:IhtSnM/ZTZV8YYJWCY8RULGVqBDmpoyjwiyrjsg+URw=
 cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.5.0/go.mod h1:tpKbwo567HUNpVclU5sGELwQWBDZ8gh0ZeosJ0Rtdos=
 cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.6.0/go.mod h1:N7U0C8pVQ/+NIKOBQyamJIeKQKkZ+mxpohlUTyfDhBk=
-coopcloud.tech/tagcmp v0.0.0-20210906102006-2a8edd82d75d h1:5jeUIiToqQ7vTlLeycdGp4Ezurd6/RTNl5K38usHtoo=
+coopcloud.tech/libcapsul v0.0.0-20211022074848-c35e78fe3f3e h1:o5OZInc5b9esiN4hlfjZY6u0r+qB2iSv/11jnMGuR38=
-coopcloud.tech/tagcmp v0.0.0-20210906102006-2a8edd82d75d/go.mod h1:ESVm0wQKcbcFi06jItF3rI7enf4Jt2PvbkWpDDHk1DQ=
+coopcloud.tech/libcapsul v0.0.0-20211022074848-c35e78fe3f3e/go.mod h1:HEQ9pSJRsDKabMxPfYCCzpVpAreLoC4Gh4SkVyOaKvk=
+coopcloud.tech/tagcmp v0.0.0-20211103052201-885b22f77d52 h1:cyFFOl0tKe+dVHt8saejG8xoff33eQiHxFCVzRpPUjM=
+coopcloud.tech/tagcmp v0.0.0-20211103052201-885b22f77d52/go.mod h1:ESVm0wQKcbcFi06jItF3rI7enf4Jt2PvbkWpDDHk1DQ=
 dmitri.shuralyov.com/gpu/mtl v0.0.0-20190408044501-666a987793e9/go.mod h1:H6x//7gZCb22OMCxBHrMx7a5I7Hp++hsVxbQ4BYO7hU=
 github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2 v2.3.1 h1:lzkuHA60pER7L4eYL8qQJor4bUWlJe4V0gqAT19tdOA=
 github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2 v2.3.1/go.mod h1:TH2kPCDU3Kqq7pLbnCWwZXDBjnhZtmsCle5EiYDJ2fg=
-github.com/Autonomic-Cooperative/godotenv v1.3.1 h1:LxRTdqBgXyBu7sM1kY8RXuYYA8OFmeLKowLGOAT0Yw0=
+github.com/Autonomic-Cooperative/godotenv v1.3.1-0.20210731170023-c37c0920d1a4 h1:aYUdiI42a4fWfPoUr25XlaJrFEICv24+o/gWhqYS/jk=
-github.com/Autonomic-Cooperative/godotenv v1.3.1/go.mod h1:oZRCMMRS318l07ei4DTqbZoOawfJlJ4yyo8juk2v4Rk=
+github.com/Autonomic-Cooperative/godotenv v1.3.1-0.20210731170023-c37c0920d1a4/go.mod h1:oZRCMMRS318l07ei4DTqbZoOawfJlJ4yyo8juk2v4Rk=
 github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go v16.2.1+incompatible/go.mod h1:9XXNKU+eRnpl9moKnB4QOLf1HestfXbmab5FXxiDBjc=
 github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20170929234023-d6e3b3328b78/go.mod h1:LmzpDX56iTiv29bbRTIsUNlaFfuhWRQBWjQdVyAevI8=
 github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20210617225240-d185dfc1b5a1 h1:UQHMgLO+TxOElx5B5HZ4hJQsoJ/PvUvKRhJHDQXO8P8=
@@ -44,6 +46,8 @@ github.com/Azure/go-autorest/logger v0.2.0/go.mod h1:T9E3cAhj2VqvPOtCYAvby9aBXkZ
 github.com/Azure/go-autorest/tracing v0.6.0/go.mod h1:+vhtPC754Xsa23ID7GlGsrdKBpUA79WCAKPPZVC2DeU=
 github.com/BurntSushi/toml v0.3.1/go.mod h1:xHWCNGjB5oqiDr8zfno3MHue2Ht5sIBksp03qcyfWMU=
 github.com/BurntSushi/xgb v0.0.0-20160522181843-27f122750802/go.mod h1:IVnqGOEym/WlBOVXweHU+Q+/VP0lqqI8lqeDx9IjBqo=
+github.com/Gurpartap/logrus-stack v0.0.0-20170710170904-89c00d8a28f4 h1:vdT7QwBhJJEVNFMBNhRSFDRCB6O16T28VhvqRgqFyn8=
+github.com/Gurpartap/logrus-stack v0.0.0-20170710170904-89c00d8a28f4/go.mod h1:SvXOG8ElV28oAiG9zv91SDe5+9PfIr7PPccpr8YyXNs=
 github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.4.11/go.mod h1:VhR8bwka0BXejwEJY73c50VrPtXAaKcyvVC4A4RozmA=
 github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.4.14/go.mod h1:qXqCSQ3Xa7+6tgxaGTIe4Kpcdsi+P8jBhyzoq1bpyYA=
 github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.4.15-0.20190919025122-fc70bd9a86b5/go.mod h1:tTuCMEN+UleMWgg9dVx4Hu52b1bJo+59jBh3ajtinzw=
@@ -295,7 +299,10 @@ github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.9.4/go.mod h1:6rpuAdCZL397s3pYoYcLgu1m
 github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate v0.1.0/go.mod h1:iSmxcyjqTsJpI2R4NaDN7+kN2VEUnK/pcBlmesArF7c=
 github.com/erikstmartin/go-testdb v0.0.0-20160219214506-8d10e4a1bae5/go.mod h1:a2zkGnVExMxdzMo3M0Hi/3sEU+cWnZpSni0O6/Yb/P0=
 github.com/evanphx/json-patch v4.9.0+incompatible/go.mod h1:50XU6AFN0ol/bzJsmQLiYLvXMP4fmwYFNcr97nuDLSk=
+github.com/facebookgo/stack v0.0.0-20160209184415-751773369052 h1:JWuenKqqX8nojtoVVWjGfOF9635RETekkoH6Cc9SX0A=
+github.com/facebookgo/stack v0.0.0-20160209184415-751773369052/go.mod h1:UbMTZqLaRiH3MsBH8va0n7s1pQYcu3uTb8G4tygF4Zg=
 github.com/fatih/color v1.7.0/go.mod h1:Zm6kSWBoL9eyXnKyktHP6abPY2pDugNf5KwzbycvMj4=
+github.com/flynn/go-shlex v0.0.0-20150515145356-3f9db97f8568 h1:BHsljHzVlRcyQhjrss6TZTdY2VfCqZPbv5k3iBFa2ZQ=
 github.com/flynn/go-shlex v0.0.0-20150515145356-3f9db97f8568/go.mod h1:xEzjJPgXI435gkrCt3MPfRiAkVrwSbHsst4LCFVfpJc=
 github.com/form3tech-oss/jwt-go v3.2.2+incompatible/go.mod h1:pbq4aXjuKjdthFRnoDwaVPLA+WlJuPGy+QneDUgJi2k=
 github.com/frankban/quicktest v1.11.3/go.mod h1:wRf/ReqHper53s+kmmSZizM8NamnL3IM0I9ntUbOk+k=
@@ -479,6 +486,7 @@ github.com/jtolds/gls v4.20.0+incompatible/go.mod h1:QJZ7F/aHp+rZTRtaJ1ow/lLfFfV
 github.com/juju/loggo v0.0.0-20190526231331-6e530bcce5d8/go.mod h1:vgyd7OREkbtVEN/8IXZe5Ooef3LQePvuBm9UWj6ZL8U=
 github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter v1.2.0/go.mod h1:SYymIcj16QtmaHHD7aYtjjsJG7VTCxuUUipMqKk8s4w=
 github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter v1.3.0/go.mod h1:JR6WtHb+2LUe8TCKY3cZOxFyyO8IZAc4RVcycCCAKdM=
+github.com/k0kubun/go-ansi v0.0.0-20180517002512-3bf9e2903213/go.mod h1:vNUNkEQ1e29fT/6vq2aBdFsgNPmy8qMdSay1npru+Sw=
 github.com/kballard/go-shellquote v0.0.0-20180428030007-95032a82bc51 h1:Z9n2FFNUXsshfwJMBgNA0RU6/i7WVaAegv3PtuIHPMs=
 github.com/kballard/go-shellquote v0.0.0-20180428030007-95032a82bc51/go.mod h1:CzGEWj7cYgsdH8dAjBGEr58BoE7ScuLd+fwFZ44+/x8=
 github.com/kevinburke/ssh_config v0.0.0-20201106050909-4977a11b4351 h1:DowS9hvgyYSX4TO5NpyC606/Z4SxnNYbT+WX27or6Ck=
@@ -505,6 +513,11 @@ github.com/kr/text v0.1.0/go.mod h1:4Jbv+DJW3UT/LiOwJeYQe1efqtUx/iVham/4vfdArNI=
 github.com/kr/text v0.2.0 h1:5Nx0Ya0ZqY2ygV366QzturHI13Jq95ApcVaJBhpS+AY=
 github.com/kr/text v0.2.0/go.mod h1:eLer722TekiGuMkidMxC/pM04lWEeraHUUmBw8l2grE=
 github.com/lib/pq v0.0.0-20150723085316-0dad96c0b94f/go.mod h1:5WUZQaWbwv1U+lTReE5YruASi9Al49XbQIvNi/34Woo=
+github.com/libdns/gandi v1.0.2 h1:1Ts8UpI1x5PVKpOjKC7Dn4+EObndz9gm6vdZnloHSKQ=
+github.com/libdns/gandi v1.0.2/go.mod h1:hxpbQKcQFgQrTS5lV4tAgn6QoL6HcCnoBJaW5nOW4Sk=
+github.com/libdns/libdns v0.1.0/go.mod h1:yQCXzk1lEZmmCPa857bnk4TsOiqYasqpyOEeSObbb40=
+github.com/libdns/libdns v0.2.1 h1:Wu59T7wSHRgtA0cfxC+n1c/e+O3upJGWytknkmFEDis=
+github.com/libdns/libdns v0.2.1/go.mod h1:yQCXzk1lEZmmCPa857bnk4TsOiqYasqpyOEeSObbb40=
 github.com/magiconair/properties v1.5.3/go.mod h1:PppfXfuXeibc/6YijjN8zIbojt8czPbwD3XqdrwzmxQ=
 github.com/magiconair/properties v1.8.0 h1:LLgXmsheXeRoUOBOjtwPQCWIYqM/LU1ayDtDePerRcY=
 github.com/magiconair/properties v1.8.0/go.mod h1:PppfXfuXeibc/6YijjN8zIbojt8czPbwD3XqdrwzmxQ=
@@ -518,11 +531,13 @@ github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.0.9/go.mod h1:9vuHe8Xs5qXnSaW/c/ABM9alt+Vo+STaO
 github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.2 h1:/bC9yWikZXAL9uJdulbSfyVNIR3n3trXl+v8+1sx8mU=
 github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.2/go.mod h1:U0ppj6V5qS13XJ6of8GYAs25YV2eR4EVcfRqFIhoBtE=
 github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.4/go.mod h1:M+lRXTBqGeGNdLjl/ufCoiOlB5xdOkqRJdNxMWT7Zi4=
-github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.8 h1:HLtExJ+uU2HOZ+wI0Tt5DtUDrx8yhUqDcp7fYERX4CE=
 github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.8/go.mod h1:Iq45c/XA43vh69/j3iqttzPXn0bhXyGjM0Hdxcsrc5s=
+github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.14 h1:yVuAays6BHfxijgZPzw+3Zlu5yQgKGP2/hcQbHb7S9Y=
+github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.14/go.mod h1:7GGIvUiUoEMVVmxf/4nioHXj79iQHKdU27kJ6hsGG94=
 github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.2/go.mod h1:LwmH8dsx7+W8Uxz3IHJYH5QSwggIsqBzpuz5H//U1FU=
-github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.9 h1:Lm995f3rfxdpd6TSmuVCHVb/QhupuXlYr8sCI/QdE+0=
 github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.9/go.mod h1:H031xJmbD/WCDINGzjvQ9THkh0rPKHF+m2gUSrubnMI=
+github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.13 h1:lTGmDsbAYt5DmK6OnoV7EuIF1wEIFAcxld6ypU4OSgU=
+github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.13/go.mod h1:Jdepj2loyihRzMpdS35Xk/zdY8IAYHsh153qUoGf23w=
 github.com/mattn/go-shellwords v1.0.3/go.mod h1:3xCvwCdWdlDJUrvuMn7Wuy9eWs4pE8vqg+NOMyg4B2o=
 github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.6.0/go.mod h1:FPy6KqzDD04eiIsT53CuJW3U88zkxoIYsOqkbpncsNc=
 github.com/matttproud/golang_protobuf_extensions v1.0.1/go.mod h1:D8He9yQNgCq6Z5Ld7szi9bcBfOoFv/3dc6xSMkL2PC0=
@@ -534,6 +549,8 @@ github.com/miekg/pkcs11 v1.0.2/go.mod h1:XsNlhZGX73bx86s2hdc/FuaLm2CPZJemRLMA+WT
 github.com/miekg/pkcs11 v1.0.3 h1:iMwmD7I5225wv84WxIG/bmxz9AXjWvTWIbM/TYHvWtw=
 github.com/miekg/pkcs11 v1.0.3/go.mod h1:XsNlhZGX73bx86s2hdc/FuaLm2CPZJemRLMA+WTFxgs=
 github.com/mistifyio/go-zfs v2.1.2-0.20190413222219-f784269be439+incompatible/go.mod h1:8AuVvqP/mXw1px98n46wfvcGfQ4ci2FwoAjKYxuo3Z4=
+github.com/mitchellh/colorstring v0.0.0-20190213212951-d06e56a500db h1:62I3jR2EmQ4l5rM/4FEfDWcRD+abF5XlKShorW5LRoQ=
+github.com/mitchellh/colorstring v0.0.0-20190213212951-d06e56a500db/go.mod h1:l0dey0ia/Uv7NcFFVbCLtqEBQbrT4OCwCSKTEv6enCw=
 github.com/mitchellh/go-homedir v1.1.0 h1:lukF9ziXFxDFPkA1vsr5zpc1XuPDn/wFntq5mG+4E0Y=
 github.com/mitchellh/go-homedir v1.1.0/go.mod h1:SfyaCUpYCn1Vlf4IUYiD9fPX4A5wJrkLzIz1N1q0pr0=
 github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v0.0.0-20150613213606-2caf8efc9366/go.mod h1:FVVH3fgwuzCH5S8UJGiWEs2h04kUh9fWfEaFds41c1Y=
@@ -662,12 +679,16 @@ github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.2.0/go.mod h1:lV6e/gmhEcM9IjHGsFOCxxuZ+z1YqCvr4O
 github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.6.0 h1:mxy4L2jP6qMonqmq+aTtOx1ifVWUgG/TAmntgbh3xv4=
 github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.6.0/go.mod h1:cz+aTbrPOrUb4q7XlbU9ygM+/jj0fzG6c1xBZuNvfVA=
 github.com/prometheus/tsdb v0.7.1/go.mod h1:qhTCs0VvXwvX/y3TZrWD7rabWM+ijKTux40TwIPHuXU=
+github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.2.0 h1:S1pD9weZBuJdFmowNwbpi7BJ8TNftyUImj/0WQi72jY=
+github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.2.0/go.mod h1:J6wj4VEh+S6ZtnVlnTBMWIodfgj8LQOQFoIToxlJtxc=
 github.com/rogpeppe/fastuuid v0.0.0-20150106093220-6724a57986af/go.mod h1:XWv6SoW27p1b0cqNHllgS5HIMJraePCO15w5zCzIWYg=
 github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.3.0/go.mod h1:M8bDsm7K2OlrFYOpmOWEs/qY81heoFRclV5y23lUDJ4=
 github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.0.1 h1:lPqVAte+HuHNfhJ/0LC98ESWRz8afy9tM/0RK8m9o+Q=
 github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.0.1/go.mod h1:+Rmxgy9KzJVeS9/2gXHxylqXiyQDYRxCVz55jmeOWTM=
 github.com/safchain/ethtool v0.0.0-20190326074333-42ed695e3de8/go.mod h1:Z0q5wiBQGYcxhMZ6gUqHn6pYNLypFAvaL3UvgZLR0U4=
 github.com/satori/go.uuid v1.2.0/go.mod h1:dA0hQrYB0VpLJoorglMZABFdXlWrHn1NEOzdhQKdks0=
+github.com/schollz/progressbar/v3 v3.8.3 h1:FnLGl3ewlDUP+YdSwveXBaXs053Mem/du+wr7XSYKl8=
+github.com/schollz/progressbar/v3 v3.8.3/go.mod h1:pWnVCjSBZsT2X3nx9HfRdnCDrpbevliMeoEVhStwHko=
 github.com/schultz-is/passgen v1.0.1 h1:wUINzqW1Xmmy3yREHR6YTj+83VlFYjj2DIDMHzIi5TQ=
 github.com/schultz-is/passgen v1.0.1/go.mod h1:NnqzT2aSfvyheNQvBtlLUa0YlPFLDj60Jw2DZVwqiJk=
 github.com/seccomp/libseccomp-golang v0.9.1/go.mod h1:GbW5+tmTXfcxTToHLXlScSlAvWlF4P2Ca7zGrPiEpWo=
@@ -798,8 +819,9 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200728195943-123391ffb6de/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPh
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20201002170205-7f63de1d35b0/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPhUkYOs5KpL4U8rLKemX1yGLhDgUto=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20201117144127-c1f2f97bffc9/go.mod h1:jdWPYTVW3xRLrWPugEBEK3UY2ZEsg3UU495nc5E+M+I=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210322153248-0c34fe9e7dc2/go.mod h1:T9bdIzuCu7OtxOm1hfPfRQxPLYneinmdGuTeoZ9dtd4=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210421170649-83a5a9bb288b h1:7mWr3k41Qtv8XlltBkDkl8LoP3mpSgBW8BUoxtEdbXg=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210421170649-83a5a9bb288b/go.mod h1:T9bdIzuCu7OtxOm1hfPfRQxPLYneinmdGuTeoZ9dtd4=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210817164053-32db794688a5 h1:HWj/xjIHfjYU5nVXpTM0s39J9CbLn7Cc5a7IC5rwsMQ=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210817164053-32db794688a5/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190121172915-509febef88a4/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190306152737-a1d7652674e8/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190510132918-efd6b22b2522/go.mod h1:ZjyILWgesfNpC6sMxTJOJm9Kp84zZh5NQWvqDGG3Qr8=
@@ -947,13 +969,16 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210324051608-47abb6519492/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7w
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210426230700-d19ff857e887/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210502180810-71e4cd670f79/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210603081109-ebe580a85c40/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210615035016-665e8c7367d1/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210616094352-59db8d763f22/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210630005230-0f9fa26af87c h1:F1jZWGFhYfh0Ci55sIpILtKKK8p3i2/krTr0H1rg74I=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210630005230-0f9fa26af87c/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210910150752-751e447fb3d0 h1:xrCZDmdtoloIiooiA9q0OQb9r8HejIHYoHGhGCe1pGg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210910150752-751e447fb3d0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201117132131-f5c789dd3221/go.mod h1:Nr5EML6q2oocZ2LXRh80K7BxOlk5/8JxuGnuhpl+muw=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
-golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20210503060354-a79de5458b56 h1:b8jxX3zqjpqb2LklXPzKSGJhzyxCOZSz8ncv8Nv+y7w=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20210503060354-a79de5458b56/go.mod h1:tfny5GFUkzUvx4ps4ajbZsCe5lw1metzhBm9T3x7oIY=
+golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20210615171337-6886f2dfbf5b h1:9zKuko04nR4gjZ4+DNjHqRlAJqbJETHwiNKDqTfOjfE=
+golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20210615171337-6886f2dfbf5b/go.mod h1:jbD1KX2456YbFQfuXm/mYQcufACuNUgVhRMnK/tPxf8=
 golang.org/x/text v0.0.0-20170915032832-14c0d48ead0c/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.1-0.20180807135948-17ff2d5776d2/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=

pkg/app/app.go

@@ -1,7 +1,14 @@
 package app
 
 import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
+	apiclient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 // Get retrieves an app
@@ -16,5 +23,63 @@ func Get(appName string) (config.App, error) {
 		return config.App{}, err
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("retrieved '%s' for '%s'", app, appName)
+
 	return app, nil
 }
+
+// deployedServiceSpec represents a deployed service of an app.
+type deployedServiceSpec struct {
+	Name    string
+	Version string
+}
+
+// VersionSpec represents a deployed app and associated metadata.
+type VersionSpec map[string]deployedServiceSpec
+
+// DeployedVersions lists metadata (e.g. versions) for deployed
+func DeployedVersions(ctx context.Context, cl *apiclient.Client, app config.App) (VersionSpec, bool, error) {
+	services, err := stack.GetStackServices(ctx, cl, app.StackName())
+	if err != nil {
+		return VersionSpec{}, false, err
+	}
+
+	appSpec := make(VersionSpec)
+	for _, service := range services {
+		serviceName := ParseServiceName(service.Spec.Name)
+		label := fmt.Sprintf("coop-cloud.%s.%s.version", app.StackName(), serviceName)
+		if deployLabel, ok := service.Spec.Labels[label]; ok {
+			version, _ := ParseVersionLabel(deployLabel)
+			appSpec[serviceName] = deployedServiceSpec{Name: serviceName, Version: version}
+		}
+	}
+
+	deployed := len(services) > 0
+
+	if deployed {
+		logrus.Debugf("detected '%s' as deployed versions of '%s'", appSpec, app.Name)
+	} else {
+		logrus.Debugf("detected '%s' as not deployed", app.Name)
+	}
+
+	return appSpec, len(services) > 0, nil
+}
+
+// ParseVersionLabel parses a $VERSION-$DIGEST app service label.
+func ParseVersionLabel(label string) (string, string) {
+	// versions may look like v4.2-abcd or v4.2-alpine-abcd
+	idx := strings.LastIndex(label, "-")
+	version := label[:idx]
+	digest := label[idx+1:]
+	logrus.Debugf("parsed '%s' as version from '%s'", version, label)
+	logrus.Debugf("parsed '%s' as digest from '%s'", digest, label)
+	return version, digest
+}
+
+// ParseVersionName parses a $STACK_NAME_$SERVICE_NAME service label.
+func ParseServiceName(label string) string {
+	idx := strings.LastIndex(label, "_")
+	serviceName := label[idx+1:]
+	logrus.Debugf("parsed '%s' as service name from '%s'", serviceName, label)
+	return serviceName
+}

pkg/catalogue/catalogue.go

@@ -9,16 +9,26 @@ import (
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
+	"path"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/web"
+	"github.com/docker/distribution/reference"
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/plumbing"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 // RecipeCatalogueURL is the only current recipe catalogue available.
 const RecipeCatalogueURL = "https://apps.coopcloud.tech"
 
+// ReposMetadataURL is the recipe repository metadata
+const ReposMetadataURL = "https://git.coopcloud.tech/api/v1/orgs/coop-cloud/repos"
+
 // image represents a recipe container image.
 type image struct {
 	Image  string `json:"image"`
@@ -44,24 +54,27 @@ type tag = string
 // service represents a service within a recipe.
 type service = string
 
-// serviceMeta represents meta info associated with a service.
+// ServiceMeta represents meta info associated with a service.
-type serviceMeta struct {
+type ServiceMeta struct {
 	Digest string `json:"digest"`
 	Image  string `json:"image"`
 	Tag    string `json:"tag"`
 }
 
+// RecipeVersions are the versions associated with a recipe.
+type RecipeVersions []map[tag]map[service]ServiceMeta
+
 // RecipeMeta represents metadata for a recipe in the abra catalogue.
 type RecipeMeta struct {
-	Category      string                            `json:"category"`
+	Category      string         `json:"category"`
-	DefaultBranch string                            `json:"default_branch"`
+	DefaultBranch string         `json:"default_branch"`
-	Description   string                            `json:"description"`
+	Description   string         `json:"description"`
-	Features      features                          `json:"features"`
+	Features      features       `json:"features"`
-	Icon          string                            `json:"icon"`
+	Icon          string         `json:"icon"`
-	Name          string                            `json:"name"`
+	Name          string         `json:"name"`
-	Repository    string                            `json:"repository"`
+	Repository    string         `json:"repository"`
-	Versions      []map[tag]map[service]serviceMeta `json:"versions"`
+	Versions      RecipeVersions `json:"versions"`
-	Website       string                            `json:"website"`
+	Website       string         `json:"website"`
 }
 
 // LatestVersion returns the latest version of a recipe.
@@ -75,6 +88,8 @@ func (r RecipeMeta) LatestVersion() string {
 		version = tag
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("choosing '%s' as latest version of '%s'", version, r.Name)
+
 	return version
 }
 
@@ -87,9 +102,11 @@ type RecipeCatalogue map[Name]RecipeMeta
 // Flatten converts AppCatalogue to slice
 func (r RecipeCatalogue) Flatten() []RecipeMeta {
 	recipes := make([]RecipeMeta, 0, len(r))
+
 	for name := range r {
 		recipes = append(recipes, r[name])
 	}
+
 	return recipes
 }
 
@@ -116,9 +133,11 @@ func recipeCatalogueFSIsLatest() (bool, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return false, err
 	}
+
 	info, err := os.Stat(config.APPS_JSON)
 	if err != nil {
 		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			logrus.Debugf("no recipe catalogue found in file system cache")
 			return false, nil
 		}
 		return false, err
@@ -128,9 +147,12 @@ func recipeCatalogueFSIsLatest() (bool, error) {
 	remoteModifiedTime := parsed.Unix()
 
 	if localModifiedTime < remoteModifiedTime {
+		logrus.Debug("file system cached recipe catalogue is out-of-date")
 		return false, nil
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debug("file system cached recipe catalogue is up-to-date")
+
 	return true, nil
 }
 
@@ -144,12 +166,14 @@ func ReadRecipeCatalogue() (RecipeCatalogue, error) {
 	}
 
 	if !recipeFSIsLatest {
+		logrus.Debugf("reading recipe catalogue from web to get latest")
 		if err := readRecipeCatalogueWeb(&recipes); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		return recipes, nil
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("reading recipe catalogue from file system cache to get latest")
 	if err := readRecipeCatalogueFS(&recipes); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -163,9 +187,13 @@ func readRecipeCatalogueFS(target interface{}) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(recipesJSONFS, &target); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("read recipe catalogue from file system cache in '%s'", config.APPS_JSON)
+
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -184,6 +212,8 @@ func readRecipeCatalogueWeb(target interface{}) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("read recipe catalogue from web at '%s'", RecipeCatalogueURL)
+
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -210,5 +240,261 @@ func VersionsOfService(recipe, serviceName string) ([]string, error) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("detected versions '%s' for '%s'", strings.Join(versions, ", "), recipe)
+
+	return versions, nil
+}
+
+// GetRecipeMeta retrieves the recipe metadata from the recipe catalogue.
+func GetRecipeMeta(recipeName string) (RecipeMeta, error) {
+	catl, err := ReadRecipeCatalogue()
+	if err != nil {
+		return RecipeMeta{}, err
+	}
+
+	recipeMeta, ok := catl[recipeName]
+	if !ok {
+		err := fmt.Errorf("recipe '%s' does not exist?", recipeName)
+		return RecipeMeta{}, err
+	}
+
+	if err := recipe.EnsureExists(recipeName); err != nil {
+		return RecipeMeta{}, err
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("recipe metadata retrieved for '%s'", recipeName)
+
+	return recipeMeta, nil
+}
+
+// RepoMeta is a single recipe repo metadata.
+type RepoMeta struct {
+	ID                        int `json:"id"`
+	Owner                     Owner
+	Name                      string      `json:"name"`
+	FullName                  string      `json:"full_name"`
+	Description               string      `json:"description"`
+	Empty                     bool        `json:"empty"`
+	Private                   bool        `json:"private"`
+	Fork                      bool        `json:"fork"`
+	Template                  bool        `json:"template"`
+	Parent                    interface{} `json:"parent"`
+	Mirror                    bool        `json:"mirror"`
+	Size                      int         `json:"size"`
+	HTMLURL                   string      `json:"html_url"`
+	SSHURL                    string      `json:"ssh_url"`
+	CloneURL                  string      `json:"clone_url"`
+	OriginalURL               string      `json:"original_url"`
+	Website                   string      `json:"website"`
+	StarsCount                int         `json:"stars_count"`
+	ForksCount                int         `json:"forks_count"`
+	WatchersCount             int         `json:"watchers_count"`
+	OpenIssuesCount           int         `json:"open_issues_count"`
+	OpenPRCount               int         `json:"open_pr_counter"`
+	ReleaseCounter            int         `json:"release_counter"`
+	DefaultBranch             string      `json:"default_branch"`
+	Archived                  bool        `json:"archived"`
+	CreatedAt                 string      `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt                 string      `json:"updated_at"`
+	Permissions               Permissions
+	HasIssues                 bool `json:"has_issues"`
+	InternalTracker           InternalTracker
+	HasWiki                   bool   `json:"has_wiki"`
+	HasPullRequests           bool   `json:"has_pull_requests"`
+	HasProjects               bool   `json:"has_projects"`
+	IgnoreWhitespaceConflicts bool   `json:"ignore_whitespace_conflicts"`
+	AllowMergeCommits         bool   `json:"allow_merge_commits"`
+	AllowRebase               bool   `json:"allow_rebase"`
+	AllowRebaseExplicit       bool   `json:"allow_rebase_explicit"`
+	AllowSquashMerge          bool   `json:"allow_squash_merge"`
+	AvatarURL                 string `json:"avatar_url"`
+	Internal                  bool   `json:"internal"`
+	MirrorInterval            string `json:"mirror_interval"`
+}
+
+// Owner is the repo organisation owner metadata.
+type Owner struct {
+	ID         int    `json:"id"`
+	Login      string `json:"login"`
+	FullName   string `json:"full_name"`
+	Email      string `json:"email"`
+	AvatarURL  string `json:"avatar_url"`
+	Language   string `json:"language"`
+	IsAdmin    bool   `json:"is_admin"`
+	LastLogin  string `json:"last_login"`
+	Created    string `json:"created"`
+	Restricted bool   `json:"restricted"`
+	Username   string `json:"username"`
+}
+
+// Permissions is perms metadata for a repo.
+type Permissions struct {
+	Admin bool `json:"admin"`
+	Push  bool `json:"push"`
+	Pull  bool `json:"pull"`
+}
+
+// InternalTracker is issue tracker metadata for a repo.
+type InternalTracker struct {
+	EnableTimeTracker                bool `json:"enable_time_tracker"`
+	AllowOnlyContributorsToTrackTime bool `json:"allow_only_contributors_to_track_time"`
+	EnableIssuesDependencies         bool `json:"enable_issue_dependencies"`
+}
+
+// RepoCatalogue represents all the recipe repo metadata.
+type RepoCatalogue map[string]RepoMeta
+
+// ReadReposMetadata retrieves coop-cloud/... repo metadata from Gitea.
+func ReadReposMetadata() (RepoCatalogue, error) {
+	reposMeta := make(RepoCatalogue)
+
+	pageIdx := 1
+	for {
+		var reposList []RepoMeta
+
+		pagedURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s?page=%v", ReposMetadataURL, pageIdx)
+
+		logrus.Debugf("fetching repo metadata from '%s'", pagedURL)
+
+		if err := web.ReadJSON(pagedURL, &reposList); err != nil {
+			return reposMeta, err
+		}
+
+		if len(reposList) == 0 {
+			break
+		}
+
+		for idx, repo := range reposList {
+			reposMeta[repo.Name] = reposList[idx]
+		}
+
+		pageIdx++
+	}
+
+	return reposMeta, nil
+}
+
+// GetRecipeVersions retrieves all recipe versions.
+func GetRecipeVersions(recipeName string) (RecipeVersions, error) {
+	versions := RecipeVersions{}
+
+	recipeDir := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "apps", recipeName)
+
+	logrus.Debugf("attempting to open git repository in '%s'", recipeDir)
+
+	repo, err := git.PlainOpen(recipeDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return versions, err
+	}
+
+	worktree, err := repo.Worktree()
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	gitTags, err := repo.Tags()
+	if err != nil {
+		return versions, err
+	}
+
+	if err := gitTags.ForEach(func(ref *plumbing.Reference) (err error) {
+		tag := strings.TrimPrefix(string(ref.Name()), "refs/tags/")
+
+		logrus.Debugf("processing '%s' for '%s'", tag, recipeName)
+
+		checkOutOpts := &git.CheckoutOptions{
+			Create: false,
+			Force:  true,
+			Branch: plumbing.ReferenceName(ref.Name()),
+		}
+		if err := worktree.Checkout(checkOutOpts); err != nil {
+			logrus.Debugf("failed to check out '%s' in '%s'", tag, recipeDir)
+			return err
+		}
+
+		logrus.Debugf("successfully checked out '%s' in '%s'", ref.Name(), recipeDir)
+
+		recipe, err := recipe.Get(recipeName)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		versionMeta := make(map[string]ServiceMeta)
+		for _, service := range recipe.Config.Services {
+
+			img, err := reference.ParseNormalizedNamed(service.Image)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			path := reference.Path(img)
+			if strings.Contains(path, "library") {
+				path = strings.Split(path, "/")[1]
+			}
+
+			digest, err := client.GetTagDigest(img)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			versionMeta[service.Name] = ServiceMeta{
+				Digest: digest,
+				Image:  path,
+				Tag:    img.(reference.NamedTagged).Tag(),
+			}
+
+			logrus.Debugf("collecting digest: '%s', image: '%s', tag: '%s'", digest, path, tag)
+		}
+
+		versions = append(versions, map[string]map[string]ServiceMeta{tag: versionMeta})
+
+		return nil
+	}); err != nil {
+		return versions, err
+	}
+
+	branch := "master"
+	if _, err := repo.Branch("master"); err != nil {
+		if _, err := repo.Branch("main"); err != nil {
+			logrus.Debugf("failed to select branch in '%s'", recipeDir)
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		branch = "main"
+	}
+
+	refName := fmt.Sprintf("refs/heads/%s", branch)
+	checkOutOpts := &git.CheckoutOptions{
+		Create: false,
+		Force:  true,
+		Branch: plumbing.ReferenceName(refName),
+	}
+	if err := worktree.Checkout(checkOutOpts); err != nil {
+		logrus.Debugf("failed to check out '%s' in '%s'", branch, recipeDir)
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("switched back to '%s' in '%s'", branch, recipeDir)
+	logrus.Debugf("collected '%s' for '%s'", versions, recipeName)
+
+	return versions, nil
+}
+
+// GetRecipeCatalogueVersions list the recipe versions listed in the recipe catalogue.
+func GetRecipeCatalogueVersions(recipeName string) ([]string, error) {
+	var versions []string
+
+	catl, err := ReadRecipeCatalogue()
+	if err != nil {
+		return versions, err
+	}
+
+	if recipeMeta, exists := catl[recipeName]; exists {
+		for _, versionMeta := range recipeMeta.Versions {
+			for tag := range versionMeta {
+				versions = append(versions, tag)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	return versions, nil
 }

pkg/client/client.go

@@ -4,37 +4,44 @@ package client
 import (
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
+	"time"
 
+	contextPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/context"
+	commandconnPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/commandconn"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/client"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 // New initiates a new Docker client.
 func New(contextName string) (*client.Client, error) {
-	context, err := GetContext(contextName)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	ctxEndpoint, err := GetContextEndpoint(context)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	helper := newConnectionHelper(ctxEndpoint)
-	httpClient := &http.Client{
-		// No tls, no proxy
-		Transport: &http.Transport{
-			DialContext: helper.Dialer,
-		},
-	}
-
 	var clientOpts []client.Opt
-	clientOpts = append(clientOpts,
+
-		client.WithHTTPClient(httpClient),
+	if contextName != "default" {
-		client.WithHost(helper.Host),
+		context, err := GetContext(contextName)
-		client.WithDialContext(helper.Dialer),
+		if err != nil {
-	)
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		ctxEndpoint, err := contextPkg.GetContextEndpoint(context)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		helper := commandconnPkg.NewConnectionHelper(ctxEndpoint)
+		httpClient := &http.Client{
+			// No tls, no proxy
+			Transport: &http.Transport{
+				DialContext:     helper.Dialer,
+				IdleConnTimeout: 30 * time.Second,
+			},
+		}
+
+		clientOpts = append(clientOpts,
+			client.WithHTTPClient(httpClient),
+			client.WithHost(helper.Host),
+			client.WithDialContext(helper.Dialer),
+		)
+	}
 
 	version := os.Getenv("DOCKER_API_VERSION")
 	if version != "" {
@@ -45,8 +52,10 @@ func New(contextName string) (*client.Client, error) {
 
 	cl, err := client.NewClientWithOpts(clientOpts...)
 	if err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatalf("unable to create Docker client: %s", err)
+		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("created client for '%s'", contextName)
+
 	return cl, nil
 }

pkg/client/connection.go

@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-package client
-
-import (
-	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/connhelper"
-	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/context/docker"
-	dCliContextStore "github.com/docker/cli/cli/context/store"
-	dClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-)
-
-func newConnectionHelper(daemonURL string) *connhelper.ConnectionHelper {
-	helper, err := connhelper.GetConnectionHelper(daemonURL)
-
-	if err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	return helper
-}
-
-func getDockerEndpoint(host string) (docker.Endpoint, error) {
-	skipTLSVerify := false
-	ep := docker.Endpoint{
-		EndpointMeta: docker.EndpointMeta{
-			Host:          host,
-			SkipTLSVerify: skipTLSVerify,
-		},
-	}
-	// try to resolve a docker client, validating the configuration
-	opts, err := ep.ClientOpts()
-	if err != nil {
-		return docker.Endpoint{}, err
-	}
-	if _, err := dClient.NewClientWithOpts(opts...); err != nil {
-		return docker.Endpoint{}, err
-	}
-	return ep, nil
-}
-
-func getDockerEndpointMetadataAndTLS(host string) (docker.EndpointMeta, *dCliContextStore.EndpointTLSData, error) {
-	ep, err := getDockerEndpoint(host)
-	if err != nil {
-		return docker.EndpointMeta{}, nil, err
-	}
-	return ep.EndpointMeta, ep.TLSData.ToStoreTLSData(), nil
-}

pkg/client/container/LICENSE

@@ -1,191 +0,0 @@
-
-                                 Apache License
-                           Version 2.0, January 2004
-                        https://www.apache.org/licenses/
-
-   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
-
-   1. Definitions.
-
-      "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
-      and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
-
-      "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
-      the copyright owner that is granting the License.
-
-      "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
-      other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
-      control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
-      "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
-      direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
-      otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
-      outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
-
-      "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
-      exercising permissions granted by this License.
-
-      "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
-      including but not limited to software source code, documentation
-      source, and configuration files.
-
-      "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
-      transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
-      not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
-      and conversions to other media types.
-
-      "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
-      Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
-      copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
-      (an example is provided in the Appendix below).
-
-      "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
-      form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
-      editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
-      represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
-      of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
-      separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of,
-      the Work and Derivative Works thereof.
-
-      "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
-      the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions
-      to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally
-      submitted to Licensor for inclusion in the Work by the copyright owner
-      or by an individual or Legal Entity authorized to submit on behalf of
-      the copyright owner. For the purposes of this definition, "submitted"
-      means any form of electronic, verbal, or written communication sent
-      to the Licensor or its representatives, including but not limited to
-      communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems,
-      and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, the
-      Licensor for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but
-      excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise
-      designated in writing by the copyright owner as "Not a Contribution."
-
-      "Contributor" shall mean Licensor and any individual or Legal Entity
-      on behalf of whom a Contribution has been received by Licensor and
-      subsequently incorporated within the Work.
-
-   2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
-      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
-      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
-      copyright license to reproduce, prepare Derivative Works of,
-      publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute the
-      Work and such Derivative Works in Source or Object form.
-
-   3. Grant of Patent License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
-      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
-      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
-      (except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made,
-      use, offer to sell, sell, import, and otherwise transfer the Work,
-      where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable
-      by such Contributor that are necessarily infringed by their
-      Contribution(s) alone or by combination of their Contribution(s)
-      with the Work to which such Contribution(s) was submitted. If You
-      institute patent litigation against any entity (including a
-      cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the Work
-      or a Contribution incorporated within the Work constitutes direct
-      or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses
-      granted to You under this License for that Work shall terminate
-      as of the date such litigation is filed.
-
-   4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the
-      Work or Derivative Works thereof in any medium, with or without
-      modifications, and in Source or Object form, provided that You
-      meet the following conditions:
-
-      (a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or
-          Derivative Works a copy of this License; and
-
-      (b) You must cause any modified files to carry prominent notices
-          stating that You changed the files; and
-
-      (c) You must retain, in the Source form of any Derivative Works
-          that You distribute, all copyright, patent, trademark, and
-          attribution notices from the Source form of the Work,
-          excluding those notices that do not pertain to any part of
-          the Derivative Works; and
-
-      (d) If the Work includes a "NOTICE" text file as part of its
-          distribution, then any Derivative Works that You distribute must
-          include a readable copy of the attribution notices contained
-          within such NOTICE file, excluding those notices that do not
-          pertain to any part of the Derivative Works, in at least one
-          of the following places: within a NOTICE text file distributed
-          as part of the Derivative Works; within the Source form or
-          documentation, if provided along with the Derivative Works; or,
-          within a display generated by the Derivative Works, if and
-          wherever such third-party notices normally appear. The contents
-          of the NOTICE file are for informational purposes only and
-          do not modify the License. You may add Your own attribution
-          notices within Derivative Works that You distribute, alongside
-          or as an addendum to the NOTICE text from the Work, provided
-          that such additional attribution notices cannot be construed
-          as modifying the License.
-
-      You may add Your own copyright statement to Your modifications and
-      may provide additional or different license terms and conditions
-      for use, reproduction, or distribution of Your modifications, or
-      for any such Derivative Works as a whole, provided Your use,
-      reproduction, and distribution of the Work otherwise complies with
-      the conditions stated in this License.
-
-   5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise,
-      any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
-      by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of
-      this License, without any additional terms or conditions.
-      Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify
-      the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
-      with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
-
-   6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
-      names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor,
-      except as required for reasonable and customary use in describing the
-      origin of the Work and reproducing the content of the NOTICE file.
-
-   7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
-      agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
-      Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-      WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
-      implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions
-      of TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, or FITNESS FOR A
-      PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You are solely responsible for determining the
-      appropriateness of using or redistributing the Work and assume any
-      risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License.
-
-   8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
-      whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
-      unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly
-      negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
-      liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special,
-      incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a
-      result of this License or out of the use or inability to use the
-      Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill,
-      work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
-      other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor
-      has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
-
-   9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
-      the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer,
-      and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity,
-      or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this
-      License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only
-      on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
-      of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
-      defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
-      incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
-      of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
-
-   END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
-
-   Copyright 2013-2017 Docker, Inc.
-
-   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-   You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
-       https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
-   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-   limitations under the License.

pkg/client/container/README.md

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-# github.com/docker/cli/cli/command/container
-
-Due to this literally just being copy-pasted from the lib, the Apache license
-will be posted in this folder. Small edits to the source code have been to
-function names and parts we don't need deleted.
-
-Same vibe as [../convert](../convert).

pkg/client/context.go

@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 
-	command "github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/context"
+	commandconnPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/commandconn"
 	dConfig "github.com/docker/cli/cli/config"
-	context "github.com/docker/cli/cli/context"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/context/docker"
 	contextStore "github.com/docker/cli/cli/context/store"
-	"github.com/moby/term"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 type Context = contextStore.Metadata
@@ -26,23 +26,27 @@ func CreateContext(contextName string, user string, port string) error {
 	if err := createContext(contextName, host); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	logrus.Debugf("created the '%s' context", contextName)
 	return nil
 }
 
 // createContext interacts with Docker Context to create a Docker context config
 func createContext(name string, host string) error {
-	s := NewDefaultDockerContextStore()
+	s := context.NewDefaultDockerContextStore()
 	contextMetadata := contextStore.Metadata{
 		Endpoints: make(map[string]interface{}),
 		Name:      name,
 	}
+
 	contextTLSData := contextStore.ContextTLSData{
 		Endpoints: make(map[string]contextStore.EndpointTLSData),
 	}
-	dockerEP, dockerTLS, err := getDockerEndpointMetadataAndTLS(host)
+
+	dockerEP, dockerTLS, err := commandconnPkg.GetDockerEndpointMetadataAndTLS(host)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+
 	contextMetadata.Endpoints[docker.DockerEndpoint] = dockerEP
 	if dockerTLS != nil {
 		contextTLSData.Endpoints[docker.DockerEndpoint] = *dockerTLS
@@ -51,9 +55,11 @@ func createContext(name string, host string) error {
 	if err := s.CreateOrUpdate(contextMetadata); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+
 	if err := s.ResetTLSMaterial(name, &contextTLSData); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -61,6 +67,7 @@ func DeleteContext(name string) error {
 	if name == "default" {
 		return errors.New("context 'default' cannot be removed")
 	}
+
 	if _, err := GetContext(name); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -73,47 +80,14 @@ func DeleteContext(name string) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	return NewDefaultDockerContextStore().Remove(name)
+	return context.NewDefaultDockerContextStore().Remove(name)
 }
 
 func GetContext(contextName string) (contextStore.Metadata, error) {
-	ctx, err := NewDefaultDockerContextStore().GetMetadata(contextName)
+	ctx, err := context.NewDefaultDockerContextStore().GetMetadata(contextName)
 	if err != nil {
 		return contextStore.Metadata{}, err
 	}
+
 	return ctx, nil
 }
-
-func GetContextEndpoint(ctx contextStore.Metadata) (string, error) {
-	// safe to use docker key hardcoded since abra doesn't use k8s... yet...
-	endpointmeta, ok := ctx.Endpoints["docker"].(context.EndpointMetaBase)
-	if !ok {
-		err := errors.New("context lacks Docker endpoint")
-		return "", err
-	}
-	return endpointmeta.Host, nil
-}
-
-func newContextStore(dir string, config contextStore.Config) contextStore.Store {
-	return contextStore.New(dir, config)
-}
-
-func NewDefaultDockerContextStore() *command.ContextStoreWithDefault {
-	// Grabbing the stderr from Docker commands
-	// Much easier to fit this into the code we are using to replicate docker cli commands
-	_, _, stderr := term.StdStreams()
-	// TODO: Look into custom docker configs in case users want that
-	dockerConfig := dConfig.LoadDefaultConfigFile(stderr)
-	contextDir := dConfig.ContextStoreDir()
-	storeConfig := command.DefaultContextStoreConfig()
-	store := newContextStore(contextDir, storeConfig)
-
-	dockerContextStore := &command.ContextStoreWithDefault{
-		Store: store,
-		Resolver: func() (*command.DefaultContext, error) {
-			// nil for the Opts because it works without it and its a cli thing
-			return command.ResolveDefaultContext(nil, dockerConfig, storeConfig, stderr)
-		},
-	}
-	return dockerContextStore
-}

pkg/client/context_test.go

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-package client_test
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
-	dContext "github.com/docker/cli/cli/context"
-	dCliContextStore "github.com/docker/cli/cli/context/store"
-)
-
-type TestContext struct {
-	context           dCliContextStore.Metadata
-	expected_endpoint string
-}
-
-func dockerContext(host, key string) TestContext {
-	dockerContext := dCliContextStore.Metadata{
-		Name:     "foo",
-		Metadata: nil,
-		Endpoints: map[string]interface{}{
-			key: dContext.EndpointMetaBase{
-				Host:          host,
-				SkipTLSVerify: false,
-			},
-		},
-	}
-	return TestContext{
-		context:           dockerContext,
-		expected_endpoint: host,
-	}
-}
-
-func TestGetContextEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
-	var testDockerContexts = []TestContext{
-		dockerContext("ssh://foobar", "docker"),
-		dockerContext("ssh://foobar", "k8"),
-	}
-	for _, context := range testDockerContexts {
-		endpoint, err := client.GetContextEndpoint(context.context)
-		if err != nil {
-			if err.Error() != "context lacks Docker endpoint" {
-				t.Error(err)
-			}
-		} else {
-			if endpoint != context.expected_endpoint {
-				t.Errorf("did not get correct context endpoint. Expected: %s, received: %s", context.expected_endpoint, endpoint)
-			}
-		}
-
-	}
-
-}

pkg/client/convert/LICENSE

@@ -1,191 +0,0 @@
-
-                                 Apache License
-                           Version 2.0, January 2004
-                        https://www.apache.org/licenses/
-
-   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
-
-   1. Definitions.
-
-      "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
-      and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
-
-      "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
-      the copyright owner that is granting the License.
-
-      "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
-      other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
-      control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
-      "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
-      direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
-      otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
-      outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
-
-      "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
-      exercising permissions granted by this License.
-
-      "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
-      including but not limited to software source code, documentation
-      source, and configuration files.
-
-      "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
-      transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
-      not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
-      and conversions to other media types.
-
-      "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
-      Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
-      copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
-      (an example is provided in the Appendix below).
-
-      "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
-      form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
-      editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
-      represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
-      of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
-      separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of,
-      the Work and Derivative Works thereof.
-
-      "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
-      the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions
-      to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally
-      submitted to Licensor for inclusion in the Work by the copyright owner
-      or by an individual or Legal Entity authorized to submit on behalf of
-      the copyright owner. For the purposes of this definition, "submitted"
-      means any form of electronic, verbal, or written communication sent
-      to the Licensor or its representatives, including but not limited to
-      communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems,
-      and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, the
-      Licensor for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but
-      excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise
-      designated in writing by the copyright owner as "Not a Contribution."
-
-      "Contributor" shall mean Licensor and any individual or Legal Entity
-      on behalf of whom a Contribution has been received by Licensor and
-      subsequently incorporated within the Work.
-
-   2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
-      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
-      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
-      copyright license to reproduce, prepare Derivative Works of,
-      publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute the
-      Work and such Derivative Works in Source or Object form.
-
-   3. Grant of Patent License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
-      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
-      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
-      (except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made,
-      use, offer to sell, sell, import, and otherwise transfer the Work,
-      where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable
-      by such Contributor that are necessarily infringed by their
-      Contribution(s) alone or by combination of their Contribution(s)
-      with the Work to which such Contribution(s) was submitted. If You
-      institute patent litigation against any entity (including a
-      cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the Work
-      or a Contribution incorporated within the Work constitutes direct
-      or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses
-      granted to You under this License for that Work shall terminate
-      as of the date such litigation is filed.
-
-   4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the
-      Work or Derivative Works thereof in any medium, with or without
-      modifications, and in Source or Object form, provided that You
-      meet the following conditions:
-
-      (a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or
-          Derivative Works a copy of this License; and
-
-      (b) You must cause any modified files to carry prominent notices
-          stating that You changed the files; and
-
-      (c) You must retain, in the Source form of any Derivative Works
-          that You distribute, all copyright, patent, trademark, and
-          attribution notices from the Source form of the Work,
-          excluding those notices that do not pertain to any part of
-          the Derivative Works; and
-
-      (d) If the Work includes a "NOTICE" text file as part of its
-          distribution, then any Derivative Works that You distribute must
-          include a readable copy of the attribution notices contained
-          within such NOTICE file, excluding those notices that do not
-          pertain to any part of the Derivative Works, in at least one
-          of the following places: within a NOTICE text file distributed
-          as part of the Derivative Works; within the Source form or
-          documentation, if provided along with the Derivative Works; or,
-          within a display generated by the Derivative Works, if and
-          wherever such third-party notices normally appear. The contents
-          of the NOTICE file are for informational purposes only and
-          do not modify the License. You may add Your own attribution
-          notices within Derivative Works that You distribute, alongside
-          or as an addendum to the NOTICE text from the Work, provided
-          that such additional attribution notices cannot be construed
-          as modifying the License.
-
-      You may add Your own copyright statement to Your modifications and
-      may provide additional or different license terms and conditions
-      for use, reproduction, or distribution of Your modifications, or
-      for any such Derivative Works as a whole, provided Your use,
-      reproduction, and distribution of the Work otherwise complies with
-      the conditions stated in this License.
-
-   5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise,
-      any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
-      by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of
-      this License, without any additional terms or conditions.
-      Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify
-      the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
-      with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
-
-   6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
-      names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor,
-      except as required for reasonable and customary use in describing the
-      origin of the Work and reproducing the content of the NOTICE file.
-
-   7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
-      agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
-      Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-      WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
-      implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions
-      of TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, or FITNESS FOR A
-      PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You are solely responsible for determining the
-      appropriateness of using or redistributing the Work and assume any
-      risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License.
-
-   8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
-      whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
-      unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly
-      negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
-      liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special,
-      incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a
-      result of this License or out of the use or inability to use the
-      Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill,
-      work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
-      other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor
-      has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
-
-   9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
-      the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer,
-      and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity,
-      or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this
-      License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only
-      on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
-      of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
-      defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
-      incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
-      of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
-
-   END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
-
-   Copyright 2013-2017 Docker, Inc.
-
-   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-   You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
-       https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
-   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-   limitations under the License.

pkg/client/convert/README.md

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-# github.com/docker/cli/cli/compose/convert
-
-DISCLAIMER: This is like the entire `github.com/docker/cli/cli/compose/convert`
-package. This should be an easy import but importing it creates DEPENDENCY
-HELL. I tried for an hour to fix it but it would work. TRY TO FIX AT YOUR OWN
-RISK!!!
-
-Due to this literally just being copy-pasted from the lib, the Apache license
-will be posted in this folder. Small edits to the source code have been to
-function names and parts we don't need deleted.

pkg/compose/compose.go

@@ -3,27 +3,37 @@ package compose
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io/ioutil"
+	"path"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client/stack"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
-	loader "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client/stack"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
+	loader "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	composetypes "github.com/docker/cli/cli/compose/types"
 	"github.com/docker/distribution/reference"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 // UpdateTag updates an image tag in-place on file system local compose files.
-func UpdateTag(pattern, image, tag string) error {
+func UpdateTag(pattern, image, tag, recipeName string) error {
 	composeFiles, err := filepath.Glob(pattern)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("considering '%s' config(s) for tag update", strings.Join(composeFiles, ", "))
+
 	for _, composeFile := range composeFiles {
 		opts := stack.Deploy{Composefiles: []string{composeFile}}
-		emptyEnv := make(map[string]string)
+
-		compose, err := loader.LoadComposefile(opts, emptyEnv)
+		envSamplePath := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "apps", recipeName, ".env.sample")
+		sampleEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		compose, err := loader.LoadComposefile(opts, sampleEnv)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -35,7 +45,7 @@ func UpdateTag(pattern, image, tag string) error {
 
 			img, _ := reference.ParseNormalizedNamed(service.Image)
 			if err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
+				return err
 			}
 
 			composeImage := reference.Path(img)
@@ -47,16 +57,20 @@ func UpdateTag(pattern, image, tag string) error {
 			}
 			composeTag := img.(reference.NamedTagged).Tag()
 
+			logrus.Debugf("parsed '%s' from '%s'", composeTag, service.Image)
+
 			if image == composeImage {
 				bytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(composeFile)
 				if err != nil {
-					logrus.Fatal(err)
+					return err
 				}
 
 				old := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", composeImage, composeTag)
 				new := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", composeImage, tag)
 				replacedBytes := strings.Replace(string(bytes), old, new, -1)
 
+				logrus.Debugf("updating '%s' to '%s' in '%s'", old, new, compose.Filename)
+
 				if err := ioutil.WriteFile(compose.Filename, []byte(replacedBytes), 0644); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
@@ -68,16 +82,24 @@ func UpdateTag(pattern, image, tag string) error {
 }
 
 // UpdateLabel updates a label in-place on file system local compose files.
-func UpdateLabel(pattern, serviceName, label string) error {
+func UpdateLabel(pattern, serviceName, label, recipeName string) error {
 	composeFiles, err := filepath.Glob(pattern)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("considering '%s' config(s) for label update", strings.Join(composeFiles, ", "))
+
 	for _, composeFile := range composeFiles {
 		opts := stack.Deploy{Composefiles: []string{composeFile}}
-		emptyEnv := make(map[string]string)
+
-		compose, err := loader.LoadComposefile(opts, emptyEnv)
+		envSamplePath := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "apps", recipeName, ".env.sample")
+		sampleEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		compose, err := loader.LoadComposefile(opts, sampleEnv)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -95,20 +117,32 @@ func UpdateLabel(pattern, serviceName, label string) error {
 			continue
 		}
 
+		discovered := false
 		for oldLabel, value := range service.Deploy.Labels {
 			if strings.HasPrefix(oldLabel, "coop-cloud") {
+				discovered = true
+
 				bytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(composeFile)
 				if err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
 
-				old := fmt.Sprintf("coop-cloud.${STACK_NAME}.%s.version=%s", service.Name, value)
+				old := fmt.Sprintf("coop-cloud.${STACK_NAME}.version=%s", value)
 				replacedBytes := strings.Replace(string(bytes), old, label, -1)
+
+				logrus.Debugf("updating %s to %s in %s", old, label, compose.Filename)
+
 				if err := ioutil.WriteFile(compose.Filename, []byte(replacedBytes), 0644); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
 			}
 		}
+
+		if !discovered {
+			logrus.Warn("no existing label found, cannot continue...")
+			logrus.Fatalf("add '%s' manually, automagic insertion not supported yet", label)
+		}
+
 	}
 
 	return nil

pkg/config/app.go

@@ -6,13 +6,14 @@ import (
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"os"
 	"path"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client/convert"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/formatter"
-	loader "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client/stack"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/convert"
-	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client/stack"
+	loader "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
+	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	composetypes "github.com/docker/cli/cli/compose/types"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 // Type aliases to make code hints easier to understand
@@ -44,7 +45,12 @@ type App struct {
 
 // StackName gets what the docker safe stack name is for the app
 func (a App) StackName() string {
-	return SanitiseAppName(a.Name)
+	if _, exists := a.Env["STACK_NAME"]; exists {
+		return a.Env["STACK_NAME"]
+	}
+	stackName := SanitiseAppName(a.Name)
+	a.Env["STACK_NAME"] = stackName
+	return stackName
 }
 
 // SORTING TYPES
@@ -93,10 +99,14 @@ func readAppEnvFile(appFile AppFile, name AppName) (App, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return App{}, fmt.Errorf("env file for '%s' couldn't be read: %s", name, err.Error())
 	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("read env '%s' from '%s'", env, appFile.Path)
+
 	app, err := newApp(env, name, appFile)
 	if err != nil {
 		return App{}, fmt.Errorf("env file for '%s' has issues: %s", name, err.Error())
 	}
+
 	return app, nil
 }
 
@@ -108,6 +118,7 @@ func newApp(env AppEnv, name string, appFile AppFile) (App, error) {
 	if !ok {
 		return App{}, errors.New("missing TYPE variable")
 	}
+
 	return App{
 		Name:   name,
 		Domain: domain,
@@ -131,6 +142,9 @@ func LoadAppFiles(servers ...string) (AppFiles, error) {
 			}
 		}
 	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("collecting metadata from '%v' servers: '%s'", len(servers), strings.Join(servers, ", "))
+
 	for _, server := range servers {
 		serverDir := path.Join(ABRA_SERVER_FOLDER, server)
 		files, err := getAllFilesInDirectory(serverDir)
@@ -157,16 +171,19 @@ func GetApp(apps AppFiles, name AppName) (App, error) {
 	if !exists {
 		return App{}, fmt.Errorf("cannot find app with name '%s'", name)
 	}
+
 	app, err := readAppEnvFile(appFile, name)
 	if err != nil {
 		return App{}, err
 	}
+
 	return app, nil
 }
 
 // GetApps returns a slice of Apps with their env files read from a given slice of AppFiles
 func GetApps(appFiles AppFiles) ([]App, error) {
 	var apps []App
+
 	for name := range appFiles {
 		app, err := GetApp(appFiles, name)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -174,11 +191,65 @@ func GetApps(appFiles AppFiles) ([]App, error) {
 		}
 		apps = append(apps, app)
 	}
+
 	return apps, nil
 }
 
-// CopyAppEnvSample copies the example env file for the app into the users env files
+// GetAppServiceNames retrieves a list of app service names.
-func CopyAppEnvSample(appType, appName, server string) error {
+func GetAppServiceNames(appName string) ([]string, error) {
+	var serviceNames []string
+
+	appFiles, err := LoadAppFiles("")
+	if err != nil {
+		return serviceNames, err
+	}
+
+	app, err := GetApp(appFiles, appName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return serviceNames, err
+	}
+
+	composeFiles, err := GetAppComposeFiles(app.Type, app.Env)
+	if err != nil {
+		return serviceNames, err
+	}
+
+	opts := stack.Deploy{Composefiles: composeFiles}
+	compose, err := GetAppComposeConfig(app.Type, opts, app.Env)
+	if err != nil {
+		return serviceNames, err
+	}
+
+	for _, service := range compose.Services {
+		serviceNames = append(serviceNames, service.Name)
+	}
+
+	return serviceNames, nil
+}
+
+// GetAppNames retrieves a list of app names.
+func GetAppNames() ([]string, error) {
+	var appNames []string
+
+	appFiles, err := LoadAppFiles("")
+	if err != nil {
+		return appNames, err
+	}
+
+	apps, err := GetApps(appFiles)
+	if err != nil {
+		return appNames, err
+	}
+
+	for _, app := range apps {
+		appNames = append(appNames, app.Name)
+	}
+
+	return appNames, nil
+}
+
+// TemplateAppEnvSample copies the example env file for the app into the users env files
+func TemplateAppEnvSample(appType, appName, server, domain, recipe string) error {
 	envSamplePath := path.Join(ABRA_DIR, "apps", appType, ".env.sample")
 	envSample, err := ioutil.ReadFile(envSamplePath)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -190,11 +261,16 @@ func CopyAppEnvSample(appType, appName, server string) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("%s already exists?", appEnvPath)
 	}
 
+	envSample = []byte(strings.Replace(string(envSample), fmt.Sprintf("%s.example.com", recipe), domain, -1))
+	envSample = []byte(strings.Replace(string(envSample), "example.com", domain, -1))
+
 	err = ioutil.WriteFile(appEnvPath, envSample, 0755)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("copied '%s' to '%s'", envSamplePath, appEnvPath)
+
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -204,45 +280,78 @@ func SanitiseAppName(name string) string {
 }
 
 // GetAppStatuses queries servers to check the deployment status of given apps
-func GetAppStatuses(appFiles AppFiles) (map[string]string, error) {
+func GetAppStatuses(appFiles AppFiles) (map[string]map[string]string, error) {
-	servers := appFiles.GetServers()
+	statuses := make(map[string]map[string]string)
-	ch := make(chan stack.StackStatus, len(servers))
+
-	for _, server := range servers {
+	var unique []string
-		go func(s string) { ch <- stack.GetAllDeployedServices(s) }(server)
+	servers := make(map[string]struct{})
+	for _, appFile := range appFiles {
+		if _, ok := servers[appFile.Server]; !ok {
+			servers[appFile.Server] = struct{}{}
+			unique = append(unique, appFile.Server)
+		}
+	}
+
+	bar := formatter.CreateProgressbar(len(servers), "querying remote servers...")
+	ch := make(chan stack.StackStatus, len(servers))
+	for server := range servers {
+		go func(s string) {
+			ch <- stack.GetAllDeployedServices(s)
+			bar.Add(1)
+		}(server)
 	}
 
-	statuses := map[string]string{}
 	for range servers {
 		status := <-ch
 		for _, service := range status.Services {
+			result := make(map[string]string)
 			name := service.Spec.Labels[convert.LabelNamespace]
+
 			if _, ok := statuses[name]; !ok {
-				statuses[name] = "deployed"
+				result["status"] = "deployed"
 			}
+
+			labelKey := fmt.Sprintf("coop-cloud.%s.version", name)
+			if version, ok := service.Spec.Labels[labelKey]; ok {
+				result["version"] = version
+			} else {
+				//FIXME: we only need to check containers with the version label not
+				//       every single container and then skip when we see no label perf gains
+				//       to be had here
+				continue
+			}
+
+			statuses[name] = result
 		}
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("retrieved app statuses: '%s'", statuses)
+
 	return statuses, nil
 }
 
 // GetAppComposeFiles gets the list of compose files for an app which should be
 // merged into a composetypes.Config while respecting the COMPOSE_FILE env var.
 func GetAppComposeFiles(recipe string, appEnv AppEnv) ([]string, error) {
+	var composeFiles []string
+
 	if _, ok := appEnv["COMPOSE_FILE"]; !ok {
-		pattern := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/compose**yml", APPS_DIR, recipe)
+		logrus.Debug("no COMPOSE_FILE detected, loading compose.yml")
-		composeFiles, err := filepath.Glob(pattern)
+		path := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/compose.yml", APPS_DIR, recipe)
-		if err != nil {
+		composeFiles = append(composeFiles, path)
-			return composeFiles, err
-		}
 		return composeFiles, nil
 	}
 
-	var composeFiles []string
 	composeFileEnvVar := appEnv["COMPOSE_FILE"]
+	envVars := strings.Split(composeFileEnvVar, ":")
+	logrus.Debugf("COMPOSE_FILE detected ('%s'), loading '%s'", composeFileEnvVar, strings.Join(envVars, ", "))
 	for _, file := range strings.Split(composeFileEnvVar, ":") {
 		path := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/%s", APPS_DIR, recipe, file)
 		composeFiles = append(composeFiles, path)
 	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("retrieved '%s' configs for '%s'", strings.Join(composeFiles, ", "), recipe)
+
 	return composeFiles, nil
 }
 
@@ -254,5 +363,8 @@ func GetAppComposeConfig(recipe string, opts stack.Deploy, appEnv AppEnv) (*comp
 	if err != nil {
 		return &composetypes.Config{}, err
 	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("retrieved '%s' for '%s'", compose.Filename, recipe)
+
 	return compose, nil
 }

pkg/config/env.go

@@ -20,45 +20,64 @@ var APPS_JSON = path.Join(ABRA_DIR, "apps.json")
 var APPS_DIR = path.Join(ABRA_DIR, "apps")
 var REPOS_BASE_URL = "https://git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud"
 
-func (a AppFiles) GetServers() []string {
+// GetServers retrieves all servers.
-	var unique []string
+func GetServers() ([]string, error) {
-	servers := make(map[string]struct{})
+	var servers []string
-	for _, appFile := range a {
+
-		if _, ok := servers[appFile.Server]; !ok {
+	servers, err := getAllFoldersInDirectory(ABRA_SERVER_FOLDER)
-			servers[appFile.Server] = struct{}{}
+	if err != nil {
-			unique = append(unique, appFile.Server)
+		return servers, err
-		}
 	}
-	return unique
+
+	logrus.Debugf("retrieved '%v' servers: '%s'", len(servers), servers)
+
+	return servers, nil
 }
 
+// ReadEnv loads an app envivornment into a map.
 func ReadEnv(filePath string) (AppEnv, error) {
 	var envFile AppEnv
+
 	envFile, err := godotenv.Read(filePath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("read '%s' from '%s'", envFile, filePath)
+
 	return envFile, nil
 }
 
+// ReadServerNames retrieves all server names.
 func ReadServerNames() ([]string, error) {
 	serverNames, err := getAllFoldersInDirectory(ABRA_SERVER_FOLDER)
+
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("read '%s' from '%s'", strings.Join(serverNames, ","), ABRA_SERVER_FOLDER)
+
 	return serverNames, nil
 }
 
 // getAllFilesInDirectory returns filenames of all files in directory
 func getAllFilesInDirectory(directory string) ([]fs.FileInfo, error) {
 	var realFiles []fs.FileInfo
+
 	files, err := ioutil.ReadDir(directory)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+
 	for _, file := range files {
 		// Follow any symlinks
 		filePath := path.Join(directory, file.Name())
+
+		if filepath.Ext(strings.TrimSpace(filePath)) != ".env" {
+			continue
+		}
+
 		realPath, err := filepath.EvalSymlinks(filePath)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Warningf("broken symlink in your abra config folders: '%s'", filePath)
@@ -71,14 +90,15 @@ func getAllFilesInDirectory(directory string) ([]fs.FileInfo, error) {
 				realFiles = append(realFiles, file)
 			}
 		}
-
 	}
+
 	return realFiles, nil
 }
 
 // getAllFoldersInDirectory returns both folder and symlink paths
 func getAllFoldersInDirectory(directory string) ([]string, error) {
 	var folders []string
+
 	files, err := ioutil.ReadDir(directory)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -86,6 +106,7 @@ func getAllFoldersInDirectory(directory string) ([]string, error) {
 	if len(files) == 0 {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("directory is empty: '%s'", directory)
 	}
+
 	for _, file := range files {
 		// Check if file is directory or symlink
 		if file.IsDir() || file.Mode()&fs.ModeSymlink != 0 {
@@ -99,12 +120,14 @@ func getAllFoldersInDirectory(directory string) ([]string, error) {
 			}
 		}
 	}
+
 	return folders, nil
 }
 
 // EnsureAbraDirExists checks for the abra config folder and throws error if not
 func EnsureAbraDirExists() error {
 	if _, err := os.Stat(ABRA_DIR); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		logrus.Debugf("'%s' does not exist, creating it", ABRA_DIR)
 		if err := os.Mkdir(ABRA_DIR, 0777); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -112,13 +135,14 @@ func EnsureAbraDirExists() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// ReadAbraShEnvVars reads env vars from an abra.sh recipe file.
 func ReadAbraShEnvVars(abraSh string) (map[string]string, error) {
 	envVars := make(map[string]string)
 
 	file, err := os.Open(abraSh)
 	if err != nil {
 		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-			return envVars, fmt.Errorf("'%s' does not exist?", abraSh)
+			return envVars, nil
 		}
 		return envVars, err
 	}
@@ -137,5 +161,7 @@ func ReadAbraShEnvVars(abraSh string) (map[string]string, error) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("read '%s' from '%s'", envVars, abraSh)
+
 	return envVars, nil
 }

pkg/config/env_test.go

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ var validAbraConf = os.ExpandEnv("$PWD/../../tests/resources/valid_abra_config")
 
 // make sure these are in alphabetical order
 var tFolders = []string{"folder1", "folder2"}
-var tFiles = []string{"bar", "foo"}
+var tFiles = []string{"bar.env", "foo.env"}
 
 var appName = "ecloud"
 var serverName = "evil.corp"

pkg/context/context.go

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package context
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
+	dConfig "github.com/docker/cli/cli/config"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/context"
+	contextStore "github.com/docker/cli/cli/context/store"
+	cliflags "github.com/docker/cli/cli/flags"
+	"github.com/moby/term"
+)
+
+func NewDefaultDockerContextStore() *command.ContextStoreWithDefault {
+	_, _, stderr := term.StdStreams()
+	dockerConfig := dConfig.LoadDefaultConfigFile(stderr)
+	contextDir := dConfig.ContextStoreDir()
+	storeConfig := command.DefaultContextStoreConfig()
+	store := newContextStore(contextDir, storeConfig)
+
+	opts := &cliflags.CommonOptions{Context: "default"}
+
+	dockerContextStore := &command.ContextStoreWithDefault{
+		Store: store,
+		Resolver: func() (*command.DefaultContext, error) {
+			return command.ResolveDefaultContext(opts, dockerConfig, storeConfig, stderr)
+		},
+	}
+
+	return dockerContextStore
+}
+
+func GetContextEndpoint(ctx contextStore.Metadata) (string, error) {
+	endpointmeta, ok := ctx.Endpoints["docker"].(context.EndpointMetaBase)
+	if !ok {
+		err := errors.New("context lacks Docker endpoint")
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return endpointmeta.Host, nil
+}
+
+func newContextStore(dir string, config contextStore.Config) contextStore.Store {
+	return contextStore.New(dir, config)
+}

pkg/dns/common.go

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package dns
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// NewToken constructs a new DNS provider token.
+func NewToken(provider, providerTokenEnvVar string) (string, error) {
+	if token, present := os.LookupEnv(providerTokenEnvVar); present {
+		return token, nil
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("no %s in environment, asking via stdin", providerTokenEnvVar)
+
+	var token string
+	prompt := &survey.Input{
+		Message: fmt.Sprintf("%s API token?", provider),
+	}
+	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &token); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	return token, nil
+}

pkg/dns/gandi/gandi.go

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package gandi
+
+import (
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/dns"
+	"github.com/libdns/gandi"
+)
+
+// New constructs a new DNs provider.
+func New() (gandi.Provider, error) {
+	token, err := dns.NewToken("Gandi", "GANDI_TOKEN")
+	if err != nil {
+		return gandi.Provider{}, err
+	}
+	return gandi.Provider{APIToken: token}, nil
+}

pkg/git/clone.go

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+package git
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/config"
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/plumbing"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// Clone runs a git clone which accounts for different default branches.
+func Clone(dir, url string) error {
+	if _, err := os.Stat(dir); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		logrus.Debugf("'%s' does not exist, attempting to git clone from '%s'", dir, url)
+		_, err := git.PlainClone(dir, false, &git.CloneOptions{URL: url, Tags: git.AllTags})
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Debugf("cloning '%s' default branch failed, attempting from main branch", url)
+			_, err := git.PlainClone(dir, false, &git.CloneOptions{
+				URL:           url,
+				Tags:          git.AllTags,
+				ReferenceName: plumbing.ReferenceName("refs/heads/main"),
+			})
+			if err != nil {
+				if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "authentication required") {
+					name := filepath.Base(dir)
+					return fmt.Errorf("unable to clone %s, does %s exist?", name, url)
+				}
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		logrus.Debugf("'%s' has been git cloned successfully", dir)
+	} else {
+		logrus.Debugf("'%s' already exists, doing nothing", dir)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// EnsureUpToDate ensures that a git repo on disk has the latest changes (git-fetch).
+func EnsureUpToDate(dir string) error {
+	repo, err := git.PlainOpen(dir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	branch := "master"
+	if _, err := repo.Branch("master"); err != nil {
+		if _, err := repo.Branch("main"); err != nil {
+			logrus.Debugf("failed to select branch in '%s'", dir)
+			return err
+		}
+		branch = "main"
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("choosing '%s' as main git branch in '%s'", branch, dir)
+
+	worktree, err := repo.Worktree()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	refName := fmt.Sprintf("refs/heads/%s", branch)
+	checkOutOpts := &git.CheckoutOptions{
+		Create: false,
+		Force:  true,
+		Branch: plumbing.ReferenceName(refName),
+	}
+	if err := worktree.Checkout(checkOutOpts); err != nil {
+		logrus.Debugf("failed to check out '%s' in '%s'", refName, dir)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("successfully checked out '%s' in '%s'", branch, dir)
+
+	remote, err := repo.Remote("origin")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	fetchOpts := &git.FetchOptions{
+		RemoteName: "origin",
+		RefSpecs:   []config.RefSpec{"refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*"},
+		Force:      true,
+	}
+	if err := remote.Fetch(fetchOpts); err != nil {
+		if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "already up-to-date") {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("successfully fetched all changes in '%s'", dir)
+
+	return nil
+}

pkg/git/read.go

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+package git
+
+import (
+	"path"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/plumbing"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// GetRecipeHead retrieves latest HEAD metadata.
+func GetRecipeHead(recipeName string) (*plumbing.Reference, error) {
+	recipeDir := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "apps", recipeName)
+
+	repo, err := git.PlainOpen(recipeDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	head, err := repo.Head()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return head, nil
+}
+
+// IsClean checks if a repo has unstaged changes
+func IsClean(recipeName string) (bool, error) {
+	recipeDir := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "apps", recipeName)
+
+	repo, err := git.PlainOpen(recipeDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+
+	worktree, err := repo.Worktree()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+
+	status, err := worktree.Status()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+
+	if status.String() != "" {
+		logrus.Debugf("discovered git status for %s repository: %s", recipeName, status.String())
+	} else {
+		logrus.Debugf("discovered clean git status for %s repository", recipeName)
+	}
+
+	return status.IsClean(), nil
+}

pkg/limit/limit.go

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package limit // https://github.com/tidwall/limiter
+
+// Limiter is for limiting the number of concurrent operations. This
+type Limiter struct{ sem chan struct{} }
+
+// New returns a new Limiter. The limit param is the maximum number of
+// concurrent operations.
+func New(limit int) *Limiter {
+	return &Limiter{make(chan struct{}, limit)}
+}
+
+// Begin an operation.
+func (l *Limiter) Begin() {
+	l.sem <- struct{}{}
+}
+
+// End the operation.
+func (l *Limiter) End() {
+	<-l.sem
+}

pkg/recipe/recipe.go

@@ -2,18 +2,19 @@ package recipe
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"os"
 	"path"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client/stack"
-	loader "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client/stack"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/compose"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	gitPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/git"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
+	loader "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	composetypes "github.com/docker/cli/cli/compose/types"
 	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
 	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/plumbing"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 // Recipe represents a recipe.
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ type Recipe struct {
 // UpdateLabel updates a recipe label
 func (r Recipe) UpdateLabel(serviceName, label string) error {
 	pattern := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/compose**yml", config.APPS_DIR, r.Name)
-	if err := compose.UpdateLabel(pattern, serviceName, label); err != nil {
+	if err := compose.UpdateLabel(pattern, serviceName, label, r.Name); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -34,12 +35,39 @@ func (r Recipe) UpdateLabel(serviceName, label string) error {
 // UpdateTag updates a recipe tag
 func (r Recipe) UpdateTag(image, tag string) error {
 	pattern := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/compose**yml", config.APPS_DIR, r.Name)
-	if err := compose.UpdateTag(pattern, image, tag); err != nil {
+	if err := compose.UpdateTag(pattern, image, tag, r.Name); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
+// Tags list the recipe tags
+func (r Recipe) Tags() ([]string, error) {
+	var tags []string
+
+	recipeDir := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "apps", r.Name)
+	repo, err := git.PlainOpen(recipeDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return tags, err
+	}
+
+	gitTags, err := repo.Tags()
+	if err != nil {
+		return tags, err
+	}
+
+	if err := gitTags.ForEach(func(ref *plumbing.Reference) (err error) {
+		tags = append(tags, strings.TrimPrefix(string(ref.Name()), "refs/tags/"))
+		return nil
+	}); err != nil {
+		return tags, err
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("detected '%s' as tags for recipe '%s'", strings.Join(tags, ", "), r.Name)
+
+	return tags, nil
+}
+
 // Get retrieves a recipe.
 func Get(recipeName string) (Recipe, error) {
 	if err := EnsureExists(recipeName); err != nil {
@@ -52,9 +80,14 @@ func Get(recipeName string) (Recipe, error) {
 		return Recipe{}, err
 	}
 
+	envSamplePath := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "apps", recipeName, ".env.sample")
+	sampleEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
 	opts := stack.Deploy{Composefiles: composeFiles}
-	emptyEnv := make(map[string]string)
+	config, err := loader.LoadComposefile(opts, sampleEnv)
-	config, err := loader.LoadComposefile(opts, emptyEnv)
 	if err != nil {
 		return Recipe{}, err
 	}
@@ -65,23 +98,10 @@ func Get(recipeName string) (Recipe, error) {
 // EnsureExists checks whether a recipe has been cloned locally or not.
 func EnsureExists(recipe string) error {
 	recipeDir := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "apps", strings.ToLower(recipe))
-
+	url := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s.git", config.REPOS_BASE_URL, recipe)
-	if _, err := os.Stat(recipeDir); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+	if err := gitPkg.Clone(recipeDir, url); err != nil {
-		url := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s.git", config.REPOS_BASE_URL, recipe)
+		return err
-		_, err := git.PlainClone(recipeDir, false, &git.CloneOptions{URL: url, Tags: git.AllTags})
-		if err != nil {
-			// try with main branch because Git is being a Git
-			_, err := git.PlainClone(recipeDir, false, &git.CloneOptions{
-				URL:           url,
-				Tags:          git.AllTags,
-				ReferenceName: plumbing.ReferenceName("refs/heads/main"),
-			})
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-		}
 	}
-
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -89,6 +109,15 @@ func EnsureExists(recipe string) error {
 func EnsureVersion(recipeName, version string) error {
 	recipeDir := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "apps", recipeName)
 
+	isClean, err := gitPkg.IsClean(recipeName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if !isClean {
+		return fmt.Errorf("'%s' has locally unstaged changes", recipeName)
+	}
+
 	repo, err := git.PlainOpen(recipeDir)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -99,8 +128,10 @@ func EnsureVersion(recipeName, version string) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
+	var parsedTags []string
 	var tagRef plumbing.ReferenceName
 	if err := tags.ForEach(func(ref *plumbing.Reference) (err error) {
+		parsedTags = append(parsedTags, ref.Name().Short())
 		if ref.Name().Short() == version {
 			tagRef = ref.Name()
 		}
@@ -109,6 +140,8 @@ func EnsureVersion(recipeName, version string) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("read '%s' as tags for recipe '%s'", strings.Join(parsedTags, ", "), recipeName)
+
 	if tagRef.String() == "" {
 		return fmt.Errorf("%s is not available?", version)
 	}
@@ -118,10 +151,88 @@ func EnsureVersion(recipeName, version string) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	opts := &git.CheckoutOptions{Branch: tagRef, Keep: true}
+	opts := &git.CheckoutOptions{
+		Branch: tagRef,
+		Create: false,
+		Force:  true,
+	}
 	if err := worktree.Checkout(opts); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("successfully checked '%s' out to '%s' in '%s'", recipeName, tagRef.Short(), recipeDir)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// EnsureLatest makes sure the latest commit is checkout on for a local recipe repository.
+func EnsureLatest(recipeName string) error {
+	recipeDir := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "apps", recipeName)
+
+	isClean, err := gitPkg.IsClean(recipeName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if !isClean {
+		return fmt.Errorf("'%s' has locally unstaged changes", recipeName)
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("attempting to open git repository in '%s'", recipeDir)
+
+	repo, err := git.PlainOpen(recipeDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	worktree, err := repo.Worktree()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	branch := "master"
+	if _, err := repo.Branch("master"); err != nil {
+		if _, err := repo.Branch("main"); err != nil {
+			logrus.Debugf("failed to select branch in '%s'", path.Join(config.APPS_DIR, recipeName))
+			return err
+		}
+		branch = "main"
+	}
+
+	refName := fmt.Sprintf("refs/heads/%s", branch)
+	checkOutOpts := &git.CheckoutOptions{
+		Create: false,
+		Force:  true,
+		Branch: plumbing.ReferenceName(refName),
+	}
+
+	if err := worktree.Checkout(checkOutOpts); err != nil {
+		logrus.Debugf("failed to check out '%s' in '%s'", branch, recipeDir)
+		return err
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
+
+// ChaosVersion constructs a chaos mode recipe version.
+func ChaosVersion(recipeName string) (string, error) {
+	var version string
+
+	head, err := gitPkg.GetRecipeHead(recipeName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return version, err
+	}
+
+	version = head.String()[:8]
+
+	isClean, err := gitPkg.IsClean(recipeName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return version, err
+	}
+
+	if !isClean {
+		version = fmt.Sprintf("%s + unstaged changes", version)
+	}
+
+	return version, nil
+}

pkg/secret/pass.go

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ func PassInsertSecret(secretValue, secretName, appName, server string) error {
 		secretValue, server, appName, secretName,
 	)
 
+	logrus.Debugf("attempting to run '%s'", cmd)
+
 	if err := exec.Command("bash", "-c", cmd).Run(); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -39,6 +41,8 @@ func PassRmSecret(secretName, appName, server string) error {
 		server, appName, secretName,
 	)
 
+	logrus.Debugf("attempting to run '%s'", cmd)
+
 	if err := exec.Command("bash", "-c", cmd).Run(); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

pkg/secret/secret.go

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"github.com/schultz-is/passgen"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 // secretValue represents a parsed `SECRET_FOO=v1 # length=bar` env var config
@@ -33,6 +34,8 @@ func GeneratePasswords(count, length uint) ([]string, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("generated '%s'", strings.Join(passwords, ", "))
+
 	return passwords, nil
 }
 
@@ -50,17 +53,24 @@ func GeneratePassphrases(count uint) ([]string, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("generated '%s'", strings.Join(passphrases, ", "))
+
 	return passphrases, nil
 }
 
+// ReadSecretEnvVars reads secret env vars from an app env var config.
 func ReadSecretEnvVars(appEnv config.AppEnv) map[string]string {
 	secretEnvVars := make(map[string]string)
+
 	for envVar := range appEnv {
 		regex := regexp.MustCompile(`^SECRET.*VERSION.*`)
 		if string(regex.Find([]byte(envVar))) != "" {
 			secretEnvVars[envVar] = appEnv[envVar]
 		}
 	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("read '%s' as secrets from '%s'", secretEnvVars, appEnv)
+
 	return secretEnvVars
 }
 
@@ -68,7 +78,9 @@ func ReadSecretEnvVars(appEnv config.AppEnv) map[string]string {
 func ParseSecretEnvVarName(secretEnvVar string) string {
 	withoutPrefix := strings.TrimPrefix(secretEnvVar, "SECRET_")
 	withoutSuffix := strings.TrimSuffix(withoutPrefix, "_VERSION")
-	return strings.ToLower(withoutSuffix)
+	name := strings.ToLower(withoutSuffix)
+	logrus.Debugf("parsed '%s' as name from '%s'", name, secretEnvVar)
+	return name
 }
 
 // TODO: should probably go in the config/app package?
@@ -76,7 +88,9 @@ func ParseGeneratedSecretName(secret string, appEnv config.App) string {
 	name := fmt.Sprintf("%s_", appEnv.StackName())
 	withoutAppName := strings.TrimPrefix(secret, name)
 	idx := strings.LastIndex(withoutAppName, "_")
-	return withoutAppName[:idx]
+	parsed := withoutAppName[:idx]
+	logrus.Debugf("parsed '%s' as name from '%s'", parsed, secret)
+	return parsed
 }
 
 // TODO: should probably go in the config/app package?
@@ -85,19 +99,23 @@ func ParseSecretEnvVarValue(secret string) (secretValue, error) {
 	if len(values) == 0 {
 		return secretValue{}, fmt.Errorf("unable to parse '%s'", secret)
 	}
+
 	if len(values) == 1 {
 		return secretValue{Version: values[0], Length: 0}, nil
-	} else {
-		split := strings.Split(values[1], "=")
-		parsed := split[len(split)-1]
-		stripped := strings.ReplaceAll(parsed, " ", "")
-		length, err := strconv.Atoi(stripped)
-		if err != nil {
-			return secretValue{}, err
-		}
-		version := strings.ReplaceAll(values[0], " ", "")
-		return secretValue{Version: version, Length: length}, nil
 	}
+
+	split := strings.Split(values[1], "=")
+	parsed := split[len(split)-1]
+	stripped := strings.ReplaceAll(parsed, " ", "")
+	length, err := strconv.Atoi(stripped)
+	if err != nil {
+		return secretValue{}, err
+	}
+	version := strings.ReplaceAll(values[0], " ", "")
+
+	logrus.Debugf("parsed version '%s' and length '%v' from '%s'", version, length, secret)
+
+	return secretValue{Version: version, Length: length}, nil
 }
 
 // GenerateSecrets generates secrets locally and sends them to a remote server for storage.
@@ -114,6 +132,7 @@ func GenerateSecrets(secretEnvVars map[string]string, appName, server string) (m
 				return
 			}
 			secretRemoteName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s_%s", appName, secretName, secretValue.Version)
+			logrus.Debugf("attempting to generate and store '%s' on '%s'", secretRemoteName, server)
 			if secretValue.Length > 0 {
 				passwords, err := GeneratePasswords(1, uint(secretValue.Length))
 				if err != nil {
@@ -147,5 +166,7 @@ func GenerateSecrets(secretEnvVars map[string]string, appName, server string) (m
 		}
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("generated and stored '%s' on '%s'", secrets, server)
+
 	return secrets, nil
 }

pkg/server/server.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package server
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// CreateServerDir creates a server directory under ~/.abra.
+func CreateServerDir(serverName string) error {
+	serverPath := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "servers", serverName)
+
+	if err := os.Mkdir(serverPath, 0755); err != nil {
+		if !os.IsExist(err) {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		logrus.Infof("%s already exists", serverPath)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	logrus.Infof("successfully created %s", serverPath)
+
+	return nil
+}

pkg/ssh/ssh.go

@@ -0,0 +1,558 @@
+package ssh
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net"
+	"os"
+	"os/user"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/context"
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	dockerSSHPkg "github.com/docker/cli/cli/connhelper/ssh"
+	sshPkg "github.com/gliderlabs/ssh"
+	"github.com/kevinburke/ssh_config"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/agent"
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/knownhosts"
+)
+
+var KnownHostsPath = filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), ".ssh", "known_hosts")
+
+type Client struct {
+	SSHClient *ssh.Client
+}
+
+// HostConfig is a SSH host config.
+type HostConfig struct {
+	Host         string
+	IdentityFile string
+	Port         string
+	User         string
+}
+
+// Exec cmd on the remote host and return stderr and stdout
+func (c *Client) Exec(cmd string) ([]byte, error) {
+	session, err := c.SSHClient.NewSession()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer session.Close()
+
+	return session.CombinedOutput(cmd)
+}
+
+// Close the underlying SSH connection
+func (c *Client) Close() error {
+	return c.SSHClient.Close()
+}
+
+// New creates a new SSH client connection.
+func New(domainName, sshAuth, username, port string) (*Client, error) {
+	var client *Client
+
+	ctxConnDetails, err := GetContextConnDetails(domainName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return client, nil
+	}
+
+	if sshAuth == "identity-file" {
+		var err error
+		client, err = connectWithAgentTimeout(
+			ctxConnDetails.Host,
+			ctxConnDetails.User,
+			ctxConnDetails.Port,
+			5*time.Second,
+		)
+		if err != nil {
+			return client, err
+		}
+	} else {
+		password := ""
+		prompt := &survey.Password{
+			Message: "SSH password?",
+		}
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &password); err != nil {
+			return client, err
+		}
+
+		var err error
+		client, err = connectWithPasswordTimeout(
+			ctxConnDetails.Host,
+			ctxConnDetails.User,
+			ctxConnDetails.Port,
+			password,
+			5*time.Second,
+		)
+		if err != nil {
+			return client, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return client, nil
+}
+
+// sudoWriter supports sudo command handling
+type sudoWriter struct {
+	b     bytes.Buffer
+	pw    string
+	stdin io.Writer
+	m     sync.Mutex
+}
+
+// Write satisfies the write interface for sudoWriter
+func (w *sudoWriter) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
+	if string(p) == "sudo_password" {
+		w.stdin.Write([]byte(w.pw + "\n"))
+		w.pw = ""
+		return len(p), nil
+	}
+
+	w.m.Lock()
+	defer w.m.Unlock()
+
+	return w.b.Write(p)
+}
+
+// RunSudoCmd runs SSH commands and streams output
+func RunSudoCmd(cmd, passwd string, cl *Client) error {
+	session, err := cl.SSHClient.NewSession()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer session.Close()
+
+	cmd = "sudo -p " + "sudo_password" + " -S " + cmd
+
+	w := &sudoWriter{
+		pw: passwd,
+	}
+	w.stdin, err = session.StdinPipe()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	session.Stdout = w
+	session.Stderr = w
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(session.Stdin)
+
+	go func() {
+		for scanner.Scan() {
+			line := scanner.Text()
+			fmt.Println(line)
+		}
+		done <- struct{}{}
+	}()
+
+	if err := session.Start(cmd); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	<-done
+
+	if err := session.Wait(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return err
+}
+
+// Exec runs a command on a remote and streams output
+func Exec(cmd string, cl *Client) error {
+	session, err := cl.SSHClient.NewSession()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer session.Close()
+
+	stdout, err := session.StdoutPipe()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	stderr, err := session.StdoutPipe()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	stdoutDone := make(chan struct{})
+	stdoutScanner := bufio.NewScanner(stdout)
+
+	go func() {
+		for stdoutScanner.Scan() {
+			line := stdoutScanner.Text()
+			fmt.Println(line)
+		}
+		stdoutDone <- struct{}{}
+	}()
+
+	stderrDone := make(chan struct{})
+	stderrScanner := bufio.NewScanner(stderr)
+
+	go func() {
+		for stderrScanner.Scan() {
+			line := stderrScanner.Text()
+			fmt.Println(line)
+		}
+		stderrDone <- struct{}{}
+	}()
+
+	if err := session.Start(cmd); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	<-stdoutDone
+	<-stderrDone
+
+	if err := session.Wait(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// EnsureKnowHostsFiles ensures that ~/.ssh/known_hosts is created
+func EnsureKnowHostsFiles() error {
+	if _, err := os.Stat(KnownHostsPath); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		logrus.Debugf("missing %s, creating now", KnownHostsPath)
+		file, err := os.OpenFile(KnownHostsPath, os.O_CREATE, 0600)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		file.Close()
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GetHostKey checks if a host key is registered in the ~/.ssh/known_hosts file
+func GetHostKey(hostname string) (bool, sshPkg.PublicKey, error) {
+	var hostKey sshPkg.PublicKey
+
+	ctxConnDetails, err := GetContextConnDetails(hostname)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, hostKey, err
+	}
+
+	if err := EnsureKnowHostsFiles(); err != nil {
+		return false, hostKey, err
+	}
+
+	file, err := os.Open(KnownHostsPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, hostKey, err
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(file)
+	for scanner.Scan() {
+		fields := strings.Split(scanner.Text(), " ")
+		if len(fields) != 3 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		hostnameAndPort := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", ctxConnDetails.Host, ctxConnDetails.Port)
+		hashed := knownhosts.Normalize(hostnameAndPort)
+
+		if strings.Contains(fields[0], hashed) {
+			var err error
+			hostKey, _, _, _, err = ssh.ParseAuthorizedKey(scanner.Bytes())
+			if err != nil {
+				return false, hostKey, fmt.Errorf("error parsing server SSH host key %q: %v", fields[2], err)
+			}
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	if hostKey != nil {
+		logrus.Debugf("server SSH host key present in ~/.ssh/known_hosts for %s", hostname)
+		return true, hostKey, nil
+	}
+
+	return false, hostKey, nil
+}
+
+// InsertHostKey adds a new host key to the ~/.ssh/known_hosts file
+func InsertHostKey(hostname string, remote net.Addr, pubKey ssh.PublicKey) error {
+	file, err := os.OpenFile(KnownHostsPath, os.O_APPEND|os.O_WRONLY, 0600)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	hashedHostname := knownhosts.Normalize(hostname)
+	lineHostname := knownhosts.Line([]string{hashedHostname}, pubKey)
+	_, err = file.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", lineHostname))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	hashedRemote := knownhosts.Normalize(remote.String())
+	lineRemote := knownhosts.Line([]string{hashedRemote}, pubKey)
+	_, err = file.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", lineRemote))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("SSH host key generated: %s", lineHostname)
+	logrus.Debugf("SSH host key generated: %s", lineRemote)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// HostKeyAddCallback ensures server ssh host keys are handled
+func HostKeyAddCallback(hostnameAndPort string, remote net.Addr, pubKey ssh.PublicKey) error {
+	exists, _, err := GetHostKey(hostnameAndPort)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if exists {
+		hostname := strings.Split(hostnameAndPort, ":")[0]
+		logrus.Debugf("server SSH host key found for %s, moving on", hostname)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if !exists {
+		hostname := strings.Split(hostnameAndPort, ":")[0]
+		parsedPubKey := FingerprintSHA256(pubKey)
+
+		fmt.Printf(fmt.Sprintf(`
+You are attempting to make an SSH connection to a server but there is no entry
+in your ~/.ssh/known_hosts file which confirms that this is indeed the server
+you want to connect to. Please take a moment to validate the following SSH host
+key, it is important.
+
+    Host:        %s
+    Fingerprint: %s
+
+If this is confusing to you, you can read the article below and learn how to
+validate this fingerprint safely. Thanks to the comrades at cyberia.club for
+writing this extensive guide <3
+
+    https://sequentialread.com/understanding-the-secure-shell-protocol-ssh/
+
+`, hostname, parsedPubKey))
+
+		response := false
+		prompt := &survey.Confirm{
+			Message: "are you sure you trust this host key?",
+		}
+
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if !response {
+			logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
+		}
+
+		logrus.Debugf("attempting to insert server SSH host key for %s, %s", hostnameAndPort, remote)
+
+		if err := InsertHostKey(hostnameAndPort, remote, pubKey); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		logrus.Infof("successfully added server SSH host key for %s", hostname)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// connect makes the SSH connection
+func connect(username, host, port string, authMethod ssh.AuthMethod, timeout time.Duration) (*Client, error) {
+	config := &ssh.ClientConfig{
+		User:            username,
+		Auth:            []ssh.AuthMethod{authMethod},
+		HostKeyCallback: HostKeyAddCallback, // the main reason why we fork
+	}
+
+	hostnameAndPort := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", host, port)
+
+	logrus.Debugf("tcp dialing %s", hostnameAndPort)
+
+	var conn net.Conn
+	var err error
+	conn, err = net.DialTimeout("tcp", hostnameAndPort, timeout)
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Debugf("tcp dialing %s failed, trying via ~/.ssh/config", hostnameAndPort)
+		hostConfig, err := GetHostConfig(host, username, port)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		conn, err = net.DialTimeout("tcp", fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", hostConfig.Host, hostConfig.Port), timeout)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	sshConn, chans, reqs, err := ssh.NewClientConn(conn, hostnameAndPort, config)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	client := ssh.NewClient(sshConn, chans, reqs)
+	c := &Client{SSHClient: client}
+
+	return c, nil
+}
+
+func connectWithAgentTimeout(host, username, port string, timeout time.Duration) (*Client, error) {
+	sshAgent, err := net.Dial("unix", os.Getenv("SSH_AUTH_SOCK"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	authMethod := ssh.PublicKeysCallback(agent.NewClient(sshAgent).Signers)
+
+	return connect(username, host, port, authMethod, timeout)
+}
+
+func connectWithPasswordTimeout(host, username, port, pass string, timeout time.Duration) (*Client, error) {
+	authMethod := ssh.Password(pass)
+
+	return connect(username, host, port, authMethod, timeout)
+}
+
+// EnsureHostKey ensures that a host key trusted and added to the ~/.ssh/known_hosts file
+func EnsureHostKey(hostname string) error {
+	if hostname == "default" || hostname == "local" {
+		logrus.Debugf("not checking server SSH host key against local/default target")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	exists, _, err := GetHostKey(hostname)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if exists {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	ctxConnDetails, err := GetContextConnDetails(hostname)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	_, err = connectWithAgentTimeout(
+		ctxConnDetails.Host,
+		ctxConnDetails.User,
+		ctxConnDetails.Port,
+		5*time.Second,
+	)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// FingerprintSHA256 generates the SHA256 fingerprint for a server SSH host key
+func FingerprintSHA256(key ssh.PublicKey) string {
+	hash := sha256.Sum256(key.Marshal())
+	b64hash := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(hash[:])
+	trimmed := strings.TrimRight(b64hash, "=")
+	return fmt.Sprintf("SHA256:%s", trimmed)
+}
+
+// GetContextConnDetails retrieves SSH connection details from a docker context endpoint
+func GetContextConnDetails(serverName string) (*dockerSSHPkg.Spec, error) {
+	dockerContextStore := context.NewDefaultDockerContextStore()
+	contexts, err := dockerContextStore.Store.List()
+	if err != nil {
+		return &dockerSSHPkg.Spec{}, err
+	}
+
+	if strings.Contains(serverName, ":") {
+		serverName = strings.Split(serverName, ":")[0]
+	}
+
+	for _, ctx := range contexts {
+		endpoint, err := context.GetContextEndpoint(ctx)
+		if err != nil && strings.Contains(err.Error(), "does not exist") {
+			// No local context found, we can continue safely
+			continue
+		}
+		if ctx.Name == serverName {
+			ctxConnDetails, err := dockerSSHPkg.ParseURL(endpoint)
+			if err != nil {
+				return &dockerSSHPkg.Spec{}, err
+			}
+			logrus.Debugf("found context connection details %v for %s", ctxConnDetails, serverName)
+			return ctxConnDetails, nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	hostConfig, err := GetHostConfig(serverName, "", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		return &dockerSSHPkg.Spec{}, err
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("couldn't find a docker context matching %s", serverName)
+	logrus.Debugf("searching ~/.ssh/config for a Host entry for %s", serverName)
+
+	connDetails := &dockerSSHPkg.Spec{
+		Host: hostConfig.Host,
+		User: hostConfig.User,
+		Port: hostConfig.Port,
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("using %v from ~/.ssh/config for connection details", connDetails)
+
+	return connDetails, nil
+}
+
+// GetHostConfig retrieves a ~/.ssh/config config for a host.
+func GetHostConfig(hostname, username, port string) (HostConfig, error) {
+	var hostConfig HostConfig
+
+	var host, idf string
+
+	if host = ssh_config.Get(hostname, "Hostname"); host == "" {
+		logrus.Debugf("no hostname found in SSH config, assuming %s", hostname)
+		host = hostname
+	}
+
+	if username == "" {
+		if username = ssh_config.Get(hostname, "User"); username == "" {
+			systemUser, err := user.Current()
+			if err != nil {
+				return hostConfig, err
+			}
+			logrus.Debugf("no username found in SSH config or passed on command-line, assuming %s", username)
+			username = systemUser.Username
+		}
+	}
+
+	if port == "" {
+		if port = ssh_config.Get(hostname, "Port"); port == "" {
+			logrus.Debugf("no port found in SSH config or passed on command-line, assuming 22")
+			port = "22"
+		}
+	}
+
+	idf = ssh_config.Get(hostname, "IdentityFile")
+
+	hostConfig.Host = host
+	if idf != "" {
+		hostConfig.IdentityFile = idf
+	}
+	hostConfig.Port = port
+	hostConfig.User = username
+
+	logrus.Debugf("constructed SSH config %s for %s", hostConfig, hostname)
+
+	return hostConfig, nil
+}

pkg/upstream/commandconn/commandconn.go

@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+// Package commandconn provides a net.Conn implementation that can be used for
+// proxying (or emulating) stream via a custom command.
+//
+// For example, to provide an http.Client that can connect to a Docker daemon
+// running in a Docker container ("DIND"):
+//
+//  httpClient := &http.Client{
+//  	Transport: &http.Transport{
+//  		DialContext: func(ctx context.Context, _network, _addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
+//  			return commandconn.New(ctx, "docker", "exec", "-it", containerID, "docker", "system", "dial-stdio")
+//  		},
+//  	},
+//  }
+
+package commandconn
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net"
+	"os"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"syscall"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	exec "golang.org/x/sys/execabs"
+)
+
+func createSession(cmd *exec.Cmd) {
+	// for supporting ssh connection helper with ProxyCommand
+	// https://github.com/docker/cli/issues/1707
+	cmd.SysProcAttr.Setsid = true
+}
+
+// New returns net.Conn
+func New(ctx context.Context, cmd string, args ...string) (net.Conn, error) {
+	var (
+		c   commandConn
+		err error
+	)
+	c.cmd = exec.CommandContext(ctx, cmd, args...)
+	// we assume that args never contains sensitive information
+	logrus.Debugf("commandconn: starting %s with %v", cmd, args)
+	c.cmd.Env = os.Environ()
+	c.cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{}
+	setPdeathsig(c.cmd)
+	createSession(c.cmd)
+	c.stdin, err = c.cmd.StdinPipe()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	c.stdout, err = c.cmd.StdoutPipe()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	c.cmd.Stderr = &stderrWriter{
+		stderrMu:    &c.stderrMu,
+		stderr:      &c.stderr,
+		debugPrefix: fmt.Sprintf("commandconn (%s):", cmd),
+	}
+	c.localAddr = dummyAddr{network: "dummy", s: "dummy-0"}
+	c.remoteAddr = dummyAddr{network: "dummy", s: "dummy-1"}
+	return &c, c.cmd.Start()
+}
+
+// commandConn implements net.Conn
+type commandConn struct {
+	cmd           *exec.Cmd
+	cmdExited     bool
+	cmdWaitErr    error
+	cmdMutex      sync.Mutex
+	stdin         io.WriteCloser
+	stdout        io.ReadCloser
+	stderrMu      sync.Mutex
+	stderr        bytes.Buffer
+	stdioClosedMu sync.Mutex // for stdinClosed and stdoutClosed
+	stdinClosed   bool
+	stdoutClosed  bool
+	localAddr     net.Addr
+	remoteAddr    net.Addr
+}
+
+// killIfStdioClosed kills the cmd if both stdin and stdout are closed.
+func (c *commandConn) killIfStdioClosed() error {
+	c.stdioClosedMu.Lock()
+	stdioClosed := c.stdoutClosed && c.stdinClosed
+	c.stdioClosedMu.Unlock()
+	if !stdioClosed {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return c.kill()
+}
+
+// killAndWait tries sending SIGTERM to the process before sending SIGKILL.
+func killAndWait(cmd *exec.Cmd) error {
+	var werr error
+	if runtime.GOOS != "windows" {
+		werrCh := make(chan error)
+		go func() { werrCh <- cmd.Wait() }()
+		cmd.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGTERM)
+		select {
+		case werr = <-werrCh:
+		case <-time.After(3 * time.Second):
+			cmd.Process.Kill()
+			werr = <-werrCh
+		}
+	} else {
+		cmd.Process.Kill()
+		werr = cmd.Wait()
+	}
+	return werr
+}
+
+// kill returns nil if the command terminated, regardless to the exit status.
+func (c *commandConn) kill() error {
+	var werr error
+	c.cmdMutex.Lock()
+	if c.cmdExited {
+		werr = c.cmdWaitErr
+	} else {
+		werr = killAndWait(c.cmd)
+		c.cmdWaitErr = werr
+		c.cmdExited = true
+	}
+	c.cmdMutex.Unlock()
+	if werr == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	wExitErr, ok := werr.(*exec.ExitError)
+	if ok {
+		if wExitErr.ProcessState.Exited() {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	return errors.Wrapf(werr, "commandconn: failed to wait")
+}
+
+func (c *commandConn) onEOF(eof error) error {
+	// when we got EOF, the command is going to be terminated
+	var werr error
+	c.cmdMutex.Lock()
+	if c.cmdExited {
+		werr = c.cmdWaitErr
+	} else {
+		werrCh := make(chan error)
+		go func() { werrCh <- c.cmd.Wait() }()
+		select {
+		case werr = <-werrCh:
+			c.cmdWaitErr = werr
+			c.cmdExited = true
+		case <-time.After(10 * time.Second):
+			c.cmdMutex.Unlock()
+			c.stderrMu.Lock()
+			stderr := c.stderr.String()
+			c.stderrMu.Unlock()
+			return errors.Errorf("command %v did not exit after %v: stderr=%q", c.cmd.Args, eof, stderr)
+		}
+	}
+	c.cmdMutex.Unlock()
+	if werr == nil {
+		return eof
+	}
+	c.stderrMu.Lock()
+	stderr := c.stderr.String()
+	c.stderrMu.Unlock()
+	return errors.Errorf("command %v has exited with %v, please make sure the URL is valid, and Docker 18.09 or later is installed on the remote host: stderr=%s", c.cmd.Args, werr, stderr)
+}
+
+func ignorableCloseError(err error) bool {
+	errS := err.Error()
+	ss := []string{
+		os.ErrClosed.Error(),
+	}
+	for _, s := range ss {
+		if strings.Contains(errS, s) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (c *commandConn) CloseRead() error {
+	// NOTE: maybe already closed here
+	if err := c.stdout.Close(); err != nil && !ignorableCloseError(err) {
+		// TODO: muted because https://github.com/docker/compose/issues/8544
+		// logrus.Warnf("commandConn.CloseRead: %v", err)
+	}
+	c.stdioClosedMu.Lock()
+	c.stdoutClosed = true
+	c.stdioClosedMu.Unlock()
+	if err := c.killIfStdioClosed(); err != nil {
+		// TODO: muted because https://github.com/docker/compose/issues/8544
+		// logrus.Warnf("commandConn.CloseRead: %v", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *commandConn) Read(p []byte) (int, error) {
+	n, err := c.stdout.Read(p)
+	if err == io.EOF {
+		err = c.onEOF(err)
+	}
+	return n, err
+}
+
+func (c *commandConn) CloseWrite() error {
+	// NOTE: maybe already closed here
+	if err := c.stdin.Close(); err != nil && !ignorableCloseError(err) {
+		// TODO: muted because https://github.com/docker/compose/issues/8544
+		// logrus.Warnf("commandConn.CloseWrite: %v", err)
+	}
+	c.stdioClosedMu.Lock()
+	c.stdinClosed = true
+	c.stdioClosedMu.Unlock()
+	if err := c.killIfStdioClosed(); err != nil {
+		// TODO: muted because https://github.com/docker/compose/issues/8544
+		// logrus.Warnf("commandConn.CloseWrite: %v", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *commandConn) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
+	n, err := c.stdin.Write(p)
+	if err == io.EOF {
+		err = c.onEOF(err)
+	}
+	return n, err
+}
+
+func (c *commandConn) Close() error {
+	var err error
+	if err = c.CloseRead(); err != nil {
+		logrus.Warnf("commandConn.Close: CloseRead: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err = c.CloseWrite(); err != nil {
+		// TODO: muted because https://github.com/docker/compose/issues/8544
+		// logrus.Warnf("commandConn.Close: CloseWrite: %v", err)
+	}
+	return err
+}
+
+func (c *commandConn) LocalAddr() net.Addr {
+	return c.localAddr
+}
+func (c *commandConn) RemoteAddr() net.Addr {
+	return c.remoteAddr
+}
+func (c *commandConn) SetDeadline(t time.Time) error {
+	logrus.Debugf("unimplemented call: SetDeadline(%v)", t)
+	return nil
+}
+func (c *commandConn) SetReadDeadline(t time.Time) error {
+	logrus.Debugf("unimplemented call: SetReadDeadline(%v)", t)
+	return nil
+}
+func (c *commandConn) SetWriteDeadline(t time.Time) error {
+	logrus.Debugf("unimplemented call: SetWriteDeadline(%v)", t)
+	return nil
+}
+
+type dummyAddr struct {
+	network string
+	s       string
+}
+
+func (d dummyAddr) Network() string {
+	return d.network
+}
+
+func (d dummyAddr) String() string {
+	return d.s
+}
+
+type stderrWriter struct {
+	stderrMu    *sync.Mutex
+	stderr      *bytes.Buffer
+	debugPrefix string
+}
+
+func (w *stderrWriter) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
+	logrus.Debugf("%s%s", w.debugPrefix, string(p))
+	w.stderrMu.Lock()
+	if w.stderr.Len() > 4096 {
+		w.stderr.Reset()
+	}
+	n, err := w.stderr.Write(p)
+	w.stderrMu.Unlock()
+	return n, err
+}

pkg/upstream/commandconn/connection.go

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+package commandconn
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net"
+	"net/url"
+
+	sshPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/ssh"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/connhelper"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/connhelper/ssh"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/context/docker"
+	dCliContextStore "github.com/docker/cli/cli/context/store"
+	dClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// GetConnectionHelper returns Docker-specific connection helper for the given URL.
+// GetConnectionHelper returns nil without error when no helper is registered for the scheme.
+//
+// ssh://<user>@<host> URL requires Docker 18.09 or later on the remote host.
+func GetConnectionHelper(daemonURL string) (*connhelper.ConnectionHelper, error) {
+	return getConnectionHelper(daemonURL, []string{"-o ConnectTimeout=5"})
+}
+
+func getConnectionHelper(daemonURL string, sshFlags []string) (*connhelper.ConnectionHelper, error) {
+	url, err := url.Parse(daemonURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	switch scheme := url.Scheme; scheme {
+	case "ssh":
+		ctxConnDetails, err := ssh.ParseURL(daemonURL)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "ssh host connection is not valid")
+		}
+		if err := sshPkg.EnsureHostKey(ctxConnDetails.Host); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return &connhelper.ConnectionHelper{
+			Dialer: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
+				return New(ctx, "ssh", append(sshFlags, ctxConnDetails.Args("docker", "system", "dial-stdio")...)...)
+			},
+			Host: "http://docker.example.com",
+		}, nil
+	}
+	// Future version may support plugins via ~/.docker/config.json. e.g. "dind"
+	// See docker/cli#889 for the previous discussion.
+	return nil, err
+}
+
+func NewConnectionHelper(daemonURL string) *connhelper.ConnectionHelper {
+	helper, err := GetConnectionHelper(daemonURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	return helper
+}
+
+func getDockerEndpoint(host string) (docker.Endpoint, error) {
+	skipTLSVerify := false
+	ep := docker.Endpoint{
+		EndpointMeta: docker.EndpointMeta{
+			Host:          host,
+			SkipTLSVerify: skipTLSVerify,
+		},
+	}
+	// try to resolve a docker client, validating the configuration
+	opts, err := ep.ClientOpts()
+	if err != nil {
+		return docker.Endpoint{}, err
+	}
+	if _, err := dClient.NewClientWithOpts(opts...); err != nil {
+		return docker.Endpoint{}, err
+	}
+	return ep, nil
+}
+
+func GetDockerEndpointMetadataAndTLS(host string) (docker.EndpointMeta, *dCliContextStore.EndpointTLSData, error) {
+	ep, err := getDockerEndpoint(host)
+	if err != nil {
+		return docker.EndpointMeta{}, nil, err
+	}
+	return ep.EndpointMeta, ep.TLSData.ToStoreTLSData(), nil
+}

pkg/upstream/commandconn/pdeathsig_linux.go

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+package commandconn
+
+import (
+	"os/exec"
+	"syscall"
+)
+
+func setPdeathsig(cmd *exec.Cmd) {
+	cmd.SysProcAttr.Pdeathsig = syscall.SIGKILL
+}

pkg/upstream/commandconn/pdeathsig_nolinux.go

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//go:build !linux
+// +build !linux
+
+package commandconn
+
+import (
+	"os/exec"
+)
+
+func setPdeathsig(cmd *exec.Cmd) {
+}

pkg/upstream/container/exec.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package container
+package container // https://github.com/docker/cli/blob/master/cli/command/container/exec.go
 
 import (
 	"context"

pkg/upstream/container/hijack.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package container
+package container // https://github.com/docker/cli/blob/master/cli/command/container/hijack.go
 
 import (
 	"context"

pkg/upstream/container/tty.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package container
+package container // https://github.com/docker/cli/blob/master/cli/command/container/tty.go
 
 import (
 	"context"

pkg/upstream/convert/compose.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package convert
+package convert // https://github.com/docker/cli/blob/master/cli/command/container/tty.go
 
 import (
 	"io/ioutil"

pkg/upstream/convert/compose_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package convert
+package convert // https://github.com/docker/cli/blob/master/cli/compose/convert/compose_test.go
 
 import (
 	"testing"

pkg/upstream/convert/service.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package convert
+package convert // https://github.com/docker/cli/blob/master/cli/compose/convert/service.go
 
 import (
 	"context"

pkg/upstream/convert/service_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package convert
+package convert // https://github.com/docker/cli/blob/master/cli/compose/convert/service_test.go
 
 import (
 	"context"