secret: allow inserting secret from file and add trim flag

See coop-cloud/organising#601
See coop-cloud/organising#482

.dockerignore

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-Dockerfile
-.dockerignore
-*.swp
 *.swo
+*.swp
+.dockerignore
+Dockerfile
+abra
+dist
+kadabra
+tags

.drone.yml

@@ -3,20 +3,17 @@ kind: pipeline
 name: coopcloud.tech/abra
 steps:
   - name: make check
-    image: golang:1.20
+    image: golang:1.21
     commands:
       - make check
 
-  - name: make build
-    image: golang:1.20
-    commands:
-      - make build
-    depends_on:
-      - make check
-
   - name: make test
-    image: golang:1.20
+    image: golang:1.21
+    environment:
+      ABRA_DIR: "/root/.abra"
     commands:
+      - make build-abra
+      - ./abra help # show version, initialise $ABRA_DIR
       - make test
     depends_on:
       - make check
@@ -27,13 +24,12 @@ steps:
       - git fetch --tags
     depends_on:
       - make check
-      - make build
       - make test
     when:
       event: tag
 
   - name: release
-    image: goreleaser/goreleaser:v1.18.2
+    image: goreleaser/goreleaser:v1.24.0
     environment:
       GITEA_TOKEN:
         from_secret: goreleaser_gitea_token

.e2e.env.sample

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-GANDI_TOKEN=...
-HCLOUD_TOKEN=...
-REGISTRY_PASSWORD=...
-REGISTRY_USERNAME=...

.envrc.sample

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 go env -w GOPRIVATE=coopcloud.tech
 
 # export PASSWORD_STORE_DIR=$(pwd)/../../autonomic/passwords/passwords/
-# export HCLOUD_TOKEN=$(pass show logins/hetzner/cicd/api_key)
+
-# export CAPSUL_TOKEN=...
+# export ABRA_DIR="$HOME/.abra_test"
-# export GITEA_TOKEN=...
+# export ABRA_TEST_DOMAIN=test.example.com
+# export ABRA_SKIP_TEARDOWN=1 # for faster feedback when developing tests

.gitignore

@@ -5,5 +5,5 @@
 /kadabra
 abra
 dist/
-tests/integration/.abra/catalogue
+tests/integration/.bats
 vendor/

.goreleaser.yml

@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ builds:
     ldflags:
       - "-X 'main.Commit={{ .Commit }}'"
       - "-X 'main.Version={{ .Version }}'"
+      - "-s"
+      - "-w"
 
   - id: kadabra
     binary: kadabra
@@ -50,12 +52,8 @@ builds:
     ldflags:
       - "-X 'main.Commit={{ .Commit }}'"
       - "-X 'main.Version={{ .Version }}'"
-
+      - "-s"
-archives:
+      - "-w"
-  - replacements:
-      386: i386
-      amd64: x86_64
-    format: binary
 
 checksum:
   name_template: "checksums.txt"

AUTHORS.md

@@ -1,16 +1,18 @@
 # authors
 
 > If you're looking at this and you hack on `abra` and you're not listed here,
-> please do add yourself! This is a community project, let's show some :heart:
+> please do add yourself! This is a community project, let's show some 💞
 
 - 3wordchant
 - cassowary
 - codegod100
 - decentral1se
+- fauno
 - frando
 - kawaiipunk
 - knoflook
 - moritz
+- p4u1
 - rix
 - roxxers
 - vera

Dockerfile

@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
-FROM golang:1.20-alpine AS build
+# Build image
+FROM golang:1.21-alpine AS build
 
 ENV GOPRIVATE coopcloud.tech
 
-RUN apk add --no-cache make git gcc musl-dev
+RUN apk add --no-cache \
+  gcc \
+  git \
+  make \
+  musl-dev
 
 COPY . /app
 
@@ -10,7 +15,15 @@ WORKDIR /app
 
 RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 make build
 
-FROM scratch
+# Release image ("slim")
+FROM alpine:3.19.1
+
+RUN apk add --no-cache \
+  ca-certificates \
+  git \
+  openssh
+
+RUN update-ca-certificates
 
 COPY --from=build /app/abra /abra
 

Makefile

@@ -2,26 +2,41 @@ ABRA         := ./cmd/abra
 KADABRA      := ./cmd/kadabra
 COMMIT       := $(shell git rev-list -1 HEAD)
 GOPATH       := $(shell go env GOPATH)
+GOVERSION    := 1.21
 LDFLAGS      := "-X 'main.Commit=$(COMMIT)'"
 DIST_LDFLAGS := $(LDFLAGS)" -s -w"
 
 export GOPRIVATE=coopcloud.tech
 
-all: format check build test
+# NOTE(d1): default `make` optimised for Abra hacking
+all: format check build-abra test
 
-run:
+run-abra:
 	@go run -ldflags=$(LDFLAGS) $(ABRA)
 
-install:
+run-kadabra:
+	@go run -ldflags=$(LDFLAGS) $(KADABRA)
+
+install-abra:
 	@go install -ldflags=$(LDFLAGS) $(ABRA)
 
-build-dev:
+install-kadabra:
-	@go build -v -ldflags=$(LDFLAGS) $(ABRA)
+	@go install -ldflags=$(LDFLAGS) $(KADABRA)
 
-build:
+build-abra:
 	@go build -v -ldflags=$(DIST_LDFLAGS) $(ABRA)
+
+build-kadabra:
 	@go build -v -ldflags=$(DIST_LDFLAGS) $(KADABRA)
 
+build: build-abra build-kadabra
+
+build-docker-abra:
+	@docker run -it -v $(PWD):/abra golang:$(GOVERSION) \
+		bash -c 'cd /abra; ./scripts/docker/build.sh'
+
+build-docker: build-docker-abra
+
 clean:
 	@rm '$(GOPATH)/bin/abra'
 	@rm '$(GOPATH)/bin/kadabra'
@@ -39,9 +54,5 @@ test:
 loc:
 	@find . -name "*.go" | xargs wc -l
 
-loc-author:
+deps:
-	@git ls-files -z | \
+	@go get -t -u ./...
-		xargs -0rn 1 -P "$$(nproc)" -I{} sh -c 'git blame -w -M -C -C --line-porcelain -- {} | grep -I --line-buffered "^author "' | \
-   	sort -f | \
-   	uniq -ic | \
-   	sort -n

README.md

@@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ The Co-op Cloud utility belt 🎩🐇
 
 <a href="https://github.com/egonelbre/gophers"><img align="right" width="150" src="https://github.com/egonelbre/gophers/raw/master/.thumb/sketch/adventure/poking-fire.png"/></a>
 
-`abra` is the flagship client & command-line tool for Co-op Cloud. It has been developed specifically for the purpose of making the day-to-day operations of [operators](https://docs.coopcloud.tech/operators/) and [maintainers](https://docs.coopcloud.tech/maintainers/) pleasant & convenient. It is libre software, written in [Go](https://go.dev) and maintained and extended by the community :heart:
+`abra` is the flagship client & command-line tool for Co-op Cloud. It has been developed specifically for the purpose of making the day-to-day operations of [operators](https://docs.coopcloud.tech/operators/) and [maintainers](https://docs.coopcloud.tech/maintainers/) pleasant & convenient. It is libre software, written in [Go](https://go.dev) and maintained and extended by the community 💖
 
 Please see [docs.coopcloud.tech/abra](https://docs.coopcloud.tech/abra) for help on install, upgrade, hacking, troubleshooting & more!

cli/app/backup.go

@@ -1,399 +1,296 @@
 package app
 
 import (
-	"archive/tar"
-	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"
-	"time"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
-	containerPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/container"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/container"
-	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
-	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/archive"
-	"github.com/klauspost/pgzip"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
 
-type backupConfig struct {
+var snapshot string
-	preHookCmd  string
+var snapshotFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	postHookCmd string
+	Name:        "snapshot, s",
-	backupPaths []string
+	Usage:       "Lists specific snapshot",
+	Destination: &snapshot,
 }
 
-var appBackupCommand = cli.Command{
+var includePath string
-	Name:      "backup",
+var includePathFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Aliases:   []string{"bk"},
+	Name:        "path, p",
-	Usage:     "Run app backup",
+	Usage:       "Include path",
-	ArgsUsage: "<domain> [<service>]",
+	Destination: &includePath,
+}
+
+var resticRepo string
+var resticRepoFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+	Name:        "repo, r",
+	Usage:       "Restic repository",
+	Destination: &resticRepo,
+}
+
+var appBackupListCommand = cli.Command{
+	Name:    "list",
+	Aliases: []string{"ls"},
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		snapshotFlag,
+		includePathFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	Usage:        "List all backups",
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
-	Description: `
-Run an app backup.
-
-A backup command and pre/post hook commands are defined in the recipe
-configuration. Abra reads this configuration and run the comands in the context
-of the deployed services. Pass <service> if you only want to back up a single
-service. All backups are placed in the ~/.abra/backups directory.
-
-A single backup file is produced for all backup paths specified for a service.
-If we have the following backup configuration:
-
-    - "backupbot.backup.path=/var/lib/foo,/var/lib/bar"
-
-And we run "abra app backup example.com app", Abra will produce a file that
-looks like:
-
-    ~/.abra/backups/example_com_app_609341138.tar.gz
-
-This file is a compressed archive which contains all backup paths. To see paths, run:
-
-    tar -tf ~/.abra/backups/example_com_app_609341138.tar.gz
-
-(Make sure to change the name of the backup file)
-
-This single file can be used to restore your app. See "abra app restore" for more.
-`,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
+
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
 
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		recipe, err := recipe.Get(app.Recipe, conf)
+		targetContainer, err := internal.RetrieveBackupBotContainer(cl)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		backupConfigs := make(map[string]backupConfig)
+		execEnv := []string{fmt.Sprintf("SERVICE=%s", app.Domain)}
-		for _, service := range recipe.Config.Services {
+		if snapshot != "" {
-			if backupsEnabled, ok := service.Deploy.Labels["backupbot.backup"]; ok {
+			logrus.Debugf("including SNAPSHOT=%s in backupbot exec invocation", snapshot)
-				if backupsEnabled == "true" {
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("SNAPSHOT=%s", snapshot))
-					fullServiceName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", app.StackName(), service.Name)
+		}
-					bkConfig := backupConfig{}
+		if includePath != "" {
-
+			logrus.Debugf("including INCLUDE_PATH=%s in backupbot exec invocation", includePath)
-					logrus.Debugf("backup config detected for %s", fullServiceName)
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("INCLUDE_PATH=%s", includePath))
-
-					if paths, ok := service.Deploy.Labels["backupbot.backup.path"]; ok {
-						logrus.Debugf("detected backup paths for %s: %s", fullServiceName, paths)
-						bkConfig.backupPaths = strings.Split(paths, ",")
 		}
 
-					if preHookCmd, ok := service.Deploy.Labels["backupbot.backup.pre-hook"]; ok {
+		if err := internal.RunBackupCmdRemote(cl, "ls", targetContainer.ID, execEnv); err != nil {
-						logrus.Debugf("detected pre-hook command for %s: %s", fullServiceName, preHookCmd)
-						bkConfig.preHookCmd = preHookCmd
-					}
-
-					if postHookCmd, ok := service.Deploy.Labels["backupbot.backup.post-hook"]; ok {
-						logrus.Debugf("detected post-hook command for %s: %s", fullServiceName, postHookCmd)
-						bkConfig.postHookCmd = postHookCmd
-					}
-
-					backupConfigs[service.Name] = bkConfig
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		serviceName := c.Args().Get(1)
-		if serviceName != "" {
-			backupConfig, ok := backupConfigs[serviceName]
-			if !ok {
-				logrus.Fatalf("no backup config for %s? does %s exist?", serviceName, serviceName)
-			}
-
-			logrus.Infof("running backup for the %s service", serviceName)
-
-			if err := runBackup(cl, app, serviceName, backupConfig); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		} else {
-			if len(backupConfigs) == 0 {
-				logrus.Fatalf("no backup configs discovered for %s?", app.Name)
-			}
-
-			for serviceName, backupConfig := range backupConfigs {
-				logrus.Infof("running backup for the %s service", serviceName)
-
-				if err := runBackup(cl, app, serviceName, backupConfig); err != nil {
-					logrus.Fatal(err)
-				}
-			}
-		}
 
 		return nil
 	},
 }
 
-// TimeStamp generates a file name friendly timestamp.
+var appBackupDownloadCommand = cli.Command{
-func TimeStamp() string {
+	Name:    "download",
-	ts := time.Now().UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)
+	Aliases: []string{"d"},
-	return strings.Replace(ts, ":", "-", -1)
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.DebugFlag,
+		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		snapshotFlag,
+		includePathFlag,
+	},
+	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	Usage:        "Download a backup",
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-// runBackup does the actual backup logic.
+		if !internal.Chaos {
-func runBackup(cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, serviceName string, bkConfig backupConfig) error {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
-	if len(bkConfig.backupPaths) == 0 {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
-		return fmt.Errorf("backup paths are empty for %s?", serviceName)
 			}
 
-	// FIXME: avoid instantiating a new CLI
+			if !internal.Offline {
-	dcli, err := command.NewDockerCli()
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
-		return err
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-	filters := filters.NewArgs()
+		targetContainer, err := internal.RetrieveBackupBotContainer(cl)
-	filters.Add("name", fmt.Sprintf("^%s_%s", app.StackName(), serviceName))
-
-	targetContainer, err := containerPkg.GetContainer(context.Background(), cl, filters, true)
 		if err != nil {
-		return err
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-	fullServiceName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", app.StackName(), serviceName)
+		execEnv := []string{fmt.Sprintf("SERVICE=%s", app.Domain)}
-	if bkConfig.preHookCmd != "" {
+		if snapshot != "" {
-		splitCmd := internal.SafeSplit(bkConfig.preHookCmd)
+			logrus.Debugf("including SNAPSHOT=%s in backupbot exec invocation", snapshot)
-
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("SNAPSHOT=%s", snapshot))
-		logrus.Debugf("split pre-hook command for %s into %s", fullServiceName, splitCmd)
+		}
-
+		if includePath != "" {
-		preHookExecOpts := types.ExecConfig{
+			logrus.Debugf("including INCLUDE_PATH=%s in backupbot exec invocation", includePath)
-			AttachStderr: true,
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("INCLUDE_PATH=%s", includePath))
-			AttachStdin:  true,
-			AttachStdout: true,
-			Cmd:          splitCmd,
-			Detach:       false,
-			Tty:          true,
 		}
 
-		if err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &preHookExecOpts); err != nil {
+		if err := internal.RunBackupCmdRemote(cl, "download", targetContainer.ID, execEnv); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to run %s on %s: %s", bkConfig.preHookCmd, targetContainer.ID, err.Error())
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		logrus.Infof("succesfully ran %s pre-hook command: %s", fullServiceName, bkConfig.preHookCmd)
+		remoteBackupDir := "/tmp/backup.tar.gz"
+		currentWorkingDir := "."
+		if err = CopyFromContainer(cl, targetContainer.ID, remoteBackupDir, currentWorkingDir); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-	var tempBackupPaths []string
+		fmt.Println("backup successfully downloaded to current working directory")
-	for _, remoteBackupPath := range bkConfig.backupPaths {
-		sanitisedPath := strings.ReplaceAll(remoteBackupPath, "/", "_")
-		localBackupPath := filepath.Join(config.BACKUP_DIR, fmt.Sprintf("%s%s_%s.tar.gz", fullServiceName, sanitisedPath, TimeStamp()))
-		logrus.Debugf("temporarily backing up %s:%s to %s", fullServiceName, remoteBackupPath, localBackupPath)
 
-		logrus.Infof("backing up %s:%s", fullServiceName, remoteBackupPath)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
 
-		content, _, err := cl.CopyFromContainer(context.Background(), targetContainer.ID, remoteBackupPath)
+var appBackupCreateCommand = cli.Command{
+	Name:    "create",
+	Aliases: []string{"c"},
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.DebugFlag,
+		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		resticRepoFlag,
+	},
+	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	Usage:        "Create a new backup",
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Debugf("failed to copy %s from container: %s", remoteBackupPath, err.Error())
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
-			if err := cleanupTempArchives(tempBackupPaths); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to clean up temporary archives: %s", err.Error())
-			}
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to copy %s from container: %s", remoteBackupPath, err.Error())
-		}
-		defer content.Close()
-
-		_, srcBase := archive.SplitPathDirEntry(remoteBackupPath)
-		preArchive := archive.RebaseArchiveEntries(content, srcBase, remoteBackupPath)
-		if err := copyToFile(localBackupPath, preArchive); err != nil {
-			logrus.Debugf("failed to create tar archive (%s): %s", localBackupPath, err.Error())
-			if err := cleanupTempArchives(tempBackupPaths); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to clean up temporary archives: %s", err.Error())
-			}
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create tar archive (%s): %s", localBackupPath, err.Error())
 		}
 
-		tempBackupPaths = append(tempBackupPaths, localBackupPath)
+		targetContainer, err := internal.RetrieveBackupBotContainer(cl)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-	logrus.Infof("compressing and merging archives...")
+		execEnv := []string{fmt.Sprintf("SERVICE=%s", app.Domain)}
-
+		if resticRepo != "" {
-	if err := mergeArchives(tempBackupPaths, fullServiceName); err != nil {
+			logrus.Debugf("including RESTIC_REPO=%s in backupbot exec invocation", resticRepo)
-		logrus.Debugf("failed to merge archive files: %s", err.Error())
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("RESTIC_REPO=%s", resticRepo))
-		if err := cleanupTempArchives(tempBackupPaths); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to clean up temporary archives: %s", err.Error())
-		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to merge archive files: %s", err.Error())
 		}
 
-	if err := cleanupTempArchives(tempBackupPaths); err != nil {
+		if err := internal.RunBackupCmdRemote(cl, "create", targetContainer.ID, execEnv); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to clean up temporary archives: %s", err.Error())
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if bkConfig.postHookCmd != "" {
-		splitCmd := internal.SafeSplit(bkConfig.postHookCmd)
-
-		logrus.Debugf("split post-hook command for %s into %s", fullServiceName, splitCmd)
-
-		postHookExecOpts := types.ExecConfig{
-			AttachStderr: true,
-			AttachStdin:  true,
-			AttachStdout: true,
-			Cmd:          splitCmd,
-			Detach:       false,
-			Tty:          true,
-		}
-
-		if err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &postHookExecOpts); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		logrus.Infof("succesfully ran %s post-hook command: %s", fullServiceName, bkConfig.postHookCmd)
 		}
 
 		return nil
+	},
 }
 
-func copyToFile(outfile string, r io.Reader) error {
+var appBackupSnapshotsCommand = cli.Command{
-	tmpFile, err := os.CreateTemp(filepath.Dir(outfile), ".tar_temp")
+	Name:    "snapshots",
+	Aliases: []string{"s"},
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.DebugFlag,
+		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		snapshotFlag,
+	},
+	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	Usage:        "List backup snapshots",
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
-		return err
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-	tmpPath := tmpFile.Name()
+		targetContainer, err := internal.RetrieveBackupBotContainer(cl)
-
-	_, err = io.Copy(tmpFile, r)
-	tmpFile.Close()
-
 		if err != nil {
-		os.Remove(tmpPath)
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		return err
 		}
 
-	if err = os.Rename(tmpPath, outfile); err != nil {
+		execEnv := []string{fmt.Sprintf("SERVICE=%s", app.Domain)}
-		os.Remove(tmpPath)
+		if snapshot != "" {
-		return err
+			logrus.Debugf("including SNAPSHOT=%s in backupbot exec invocation", snapshot)
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("SNAPSHOT=%s", snapshot))
+		}
+
+		if err := internal.RunBackupCmdRemote(cl, "snapshots", targetContainer.ID, execEnv); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
 		return nil
+	},
 }
 
-func cleanupTempArchives(tarPaths []string) error {
+var appBackupCommand = cli.Command{
-	for _, tarPath := range tarPaths {
+	Name:      "backup",
-		if err := os.RemoveAll(tarPath); err != nil {
+	Aliases:   []string{"b"},
-			return err
+	Usage:     "Manage app backups",
-		}
+	ArgsUsage: "<domain>",
-
+	Subcommands: []cli.Command{
-		logrus.Debugf("remove temporary archive file %s", tarPath)
+		appBackupListCommand,
-	}
+		appBackupSnapshotsCommand,
-
+		appBackupDownloadCommand,
-	return nil
+		appBackupCreateCommand,
-}
+	},
-
-func mergeArchives(tarPaths []string, serviceName string) error {
-	var out io.Writer
-	var cout *pgzip.Writer
-
-	localBackupPath := filepath.Join(config.BACKUP_DIR, fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s.tar.gz", serviceName, TimeStamp()))
-
-	fout, err := os.Create(localBackupPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("Failed to open %s: %s", localBackupPath, err)
-	}
-
-	defer fout.Close()
-	out = fout
-
-	cout = pgzip.NewWriter(out)
-	out = cout
-
-	tw := tar.NewWriter(out)
-
-	for _, tarPath := range tarPaths {
-		if err := addTar(tw, tarPath); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to merge %s: %v", tarPath, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if err := tw.Close(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to close tar writer %v", err)
-	}
-
-	if cout != nil {
-		if err := cout.Flush(); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to flush: %s", err)
-		} else if err = cout.Close(); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to close compressed writer: %s", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	logrus.Infof("backed up %s to %s", serviceName, localBackupPath)
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func addTar(tw *tar.Writer, pth string) (err error) {
-	var tr *tar.Reader
-	var rc io.ReadCloser
-	var hdr *tar.Header
-
-	if tr, rc, err = openTarFile(pth); err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	for {
-		if hdr, err = tr.Next(); err != nil {
-			if err == io.EOF {
-				err = nil
-			}
-			break
-		}
-		if err = tw.WriteHeader(hdr); err != nil {
-			break
-		} else if _, err = io.Copy(tw, tr); err != nil {
-			break
-		}
-	}
-	if err == nil {
-		err = rc.Close()
-	} else {
-		rc.Close()
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-func openTarFile(pth string) (tr *tar.Reader, rc io.ReadCloser, err error) {
-	var fin *os.File
-	var n int
-	buff := make([]byte, 1024)
-
-	if fin, err = os.Open(pth); err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	if n, err = fin.Read(buff); err != nil {
-		fin.Close()
-		return
-	} else if n == 0 {
-		fin.Close()
-		err = fmt.Errorf("%s is empty", pth)
-		return
-	}
-
-	if _, err = fin.Seek(0, 0); err != nil {
-		fin.Close()
-		return
-	}
-
-	rc = fin
-	tr = tar.NewReader(rc)
-
-	return tr, rc, nil
 }

cli/app/check.go

@@ -1,14 +1,12 @@
 package app
 
 import (
-	"os"
-	"path"
-	"strings"
-
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
+	recipePkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
@@ -16,45 +14,68 @@ import (
 var appCheckCommand = cli.Command{
 	Name:    "check",
 	Aliases: []string{"chk"},
-	Usage:     "Check if app is configured correctly",
+	Usage:   "Ensure an app is well configured",
+	Description: `
+This command compares env vars in both the app ".env" and recipe ".env.sample"
+file.
+
+The goal is to ensure that recipe ".env.sample" env vars are defined in your
+app ".env" file. Only env var definitions in the ".env.sample" which are
+uncommented, e.g. "FOO=bar" are checked. If an app ".env" file does not include
+these env vars, then "check" will complain.
+
+Recipe maintainers may or may not provide defaults for env vars within their
+recipes regardless of commenting or not (e.g. through the use of
+${FOO:<default>} syntax). "check" does not confirm or deny this for you.`,
 	ArgsUsage: "<domain>",
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
+		internal.ChaosFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 
-		envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, app.Recipe, ".env.sample")
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
-		if _, err := os.Stat(envSamplePath); err != nil {
-			if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-				logrus.Fatalf("%s does not exist?", envSamplePath)
-			}
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		envSample, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipePkg.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipePkg.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipePkg.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		tableCol := []string{"recipe env sample", "app env"}
+		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
+
+		envVars, err := config.CheckEnv(app)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		var missing []string
+		for _, envVar := range envVars {
-		for k := range envSample {
+			if envVar.Present {
-			if _, ok := app.Env[k]; !ok {
+				table.Append([]string{envVar.Name, "✅"})
-				missing = append(missing, k)
+			} else {
+				table.Append([]string{envVar.Name, "❌"})
 			}
 		}
 
-		if len(missing) > 0 {
+		table.Render()
-			missingEnvVars := strings.Join(missing, ", ")
-			logrus.Fatalf("%s is missing %s", app.Path, missingEnvVars)
-		}
-
-		logrus.Infof("all necessary environment variables defined for %s", app.Name)
 
 		return nil
 	},
-	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 }

cli/app/cmd.go

@@ -6,13 +6,16 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"path"
+	"sort"
 	"strings"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/app"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
+	recipePkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
@@ -21,8 +24,7 @@ var appCmdCommand = cli.Command{
 	Name:    "command",
 	Aliases: []string{"cmd"},
 	Usage:   "Run app commands",
-	Description: `
+	Description: `Run an app specific command.
-Run an app specific command.
 
 These commands are bash functions, defined in the abra.sh of the recipe itself.
 They can be run within the context of a service (e.g. app) or locally on your
@@ -40,18 +42,44 @@ Example:
 		internal.RemoteUserFlag,
 		internal.TtyFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		internal.ChaosFlag,
 	},
-	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Before:      internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	Subcommands: []cli.Command{appCmdListCommand},
+	BashComplete: func(ctx *cli.Context) {
+		args := ctx.Args()
+		switch len(args) {
+		case 0:
+			autocomplete.AppNameComplete(ctx)
+		case 1:
+			autocomplete.ServiceNameComplete(args.Get(0))
+		case 2:
+			cmdNameComplete(args.Get(0))
+		}
+	},
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 
-		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
-		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipePkg.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipePkg.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipePkg.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
 		if internal.LocalCmd && internal.RemoteUser != "" {
 			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("cannot use --local & --user together"))
 		}
@@ -67,6 +95,10 @@ Example:
 		}
 
 		if internal.LocalCmd {
+			if !(len(c.Args()) >= 2) {
+				internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("missing arguments"))
+			}
+
 			cmdName := c.Args().Get(1)
 			if err := internal.EnsureCommand(abraSh, app.Recipe, cmdName); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
@@ -78,6 +110,7 @@ Example:
 			for k, v := range app.Env {
 				exportEnv = exportEnv + fmt.Sprintf("%s='%s'; ", k, v)
 			}
+
 			var sourceAndExec string
 			if hasCmdArgs {
 				logrus.Debugf("parsed following command arguments: %s", parsedCmdArgs)
@@ -98,6 +131,10 @@ Example:
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		} else {
+			if !(len(c.Args()) >= 3) {
+				internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("missing arguments"))
+			}
+
 			targetServiceName := c.Args().Get(1)
 
 			cmdName := c.Args().Get(2)
@@ -129,6 +166,11 @@ Example:
 				logrus.Debug("did not detect any command arguments")
 			}
 
+			cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
 			if err := internal.RunCmdRemote(cl, app, abraSh, targetServiceName, cmdName, parsedCmdArgs); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -156,3 +198,76 @@ func parseCmdArgs(args []string, isLocal bool) (bool, string) {
 
 	return hasCmdArgs, parsedCmdArgs
 }
+
+func cmdNameComplete(appName string) {
+	app, err := app.Get(appName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	cmdNames, _ := getShCmdNames(app)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	for _, n := range cmdNames {
+		fmt.Println(n)
+	}
+}
+
+var appCmdListCommand = cli.Command{
+	Name:      "list",
+	Aliases:   []string{"ls"},
+	Usage:     "List all available commands",
+	ArgsUsage: "<domain>",
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.DebugFlag,
+		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		internal.ChaosFlag,
+	},
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
+	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipePkg.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipePkg.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipePkg.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		cmdNames, err := getShCmdNames(app)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		for _, cmdName := range cmdNames {
+			fmt.Println(cmdName)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+func getShCmdNames(app config.App) ([]string, error) {
+	abraShPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/%s", config.RECIPES_DIR, app.Recipe, "abra.sh")
+	cmdNames, err := config.ReadAbraShCmdNames(abraShPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	sort.Strings(cmdNames)
+	return cmdNames, nil
+}

cli/app/config.go

@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ var appConfigCommand = cli.Command{
 	ArgsUsage: "<domain>",
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
 		appName := c.Args().First()
 
@@ -61,5 +61,4 @@ var appConfigCommand = cli.Command{
 
 		return nil
 	},
-	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 }

cli/app/cp.go

@@ -2,20 +2,24 @@ package app
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"os"
+	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	containerPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/container"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/container"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/container"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
 	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/errdefs"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/archive"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
@@ -28,10 +32,9 @@ var appCpCommand = cli.Command{
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.NoInputFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before: internal.SubCommandBefore,
-	Usage:  "Copy files to/from a running app service",
+	Usage:  "Copy files to/from a deployed app service",
 	Description: `
 Copy files to and from any app service file system.
 
@@ -43,114 +46,334 @@ And if you want to copy that file back to your current working directory locally
 
     abra app cp <domain> app:/myfile.txt .
 `,
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
+
+		src := c.Args().Get(1)
+		dst := c.Args().Get(2)
+		if src == "" {
+			logrus.Fatal("missing <src> argument")
+		}
+		if dst == "" {
+			logrus.Fatal("missing <dest> argument")
+		}
+
+		srcPath, dstPath, service, toContainer, err := parseSrcAndDst(src, dst)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
 
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		src := c.Args().Get(1)
+		container, err := containerPkg.GetContainerFromStackAndService(cl, app.StackName(), service)
-		dst := c.Args().Get(2)
+		if err != nil {
-		if src == "" {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
-			logrus.Fatal("missing <src> argument")
-		} else if dst == "" {
-			logrus.Fatal("missing <dest> argument")
 		}
+		logrus.Debugf("retrieved %s as target container on %s", formatter.ShortenID(container.ID), app.Server)
 
-		parsedSrc := strings.SplitN(src, ":", 2)
+		if toContainer {
-		parsedDst := strings.SplitN(dst, ":", 2)
+			err = CopyToContainer(cl, container.ID, srcPath, dstPath)
-		errorMsg := "one of <src>/<dest> arguments must take $SERVICE:$PATH form"
+		} else {
-		if len(parsedSrc) == 2 && len(parsedDst) == 2 {
+			err = CopyFromContainer(cl, container.ID, srcPath, dstPath)
-			logrus.Fatal(errorMsg)
-		} else if len(parsedSrc) != 2 {
-			if len(parsedDst) != 2 {
-				logrus.Fatal(errorMsg)
 		}
-		} else if len(parsedDst) != 2 {
+		if err != nil {
-			if len(parsedSrc) != 2 {
-				logrus.Fatal(errorMsg)
-			}
-		}
-
-		var service string
-		var srcPath string
-		var dstPath string
-		isToContainer := false // <container:src> <dst>
-		if len(parsedSrc) == 2 {
-			service = parsedSrc[0]
-			srcPath = parsedSrc[1]
-			dstPath = dst
-			logrus.Debugf("assuming transfer is coming FROM the container")
-		} else if len(parsedDst) == 2 {
-			service = parsedDst[0]
-			dstPath = parsedDst[1]
-			srcPath = src
-			isToContainer = true // <src> <container:dst>
-			logrus.Debugf("assuming transfer is going TO the container")
-		}
-
-		if !isToContainer {
-			if _, err := os.Stat(dstPath); os.IsNotExist(err) {
-				logrus.Fatalf("%s does not exist locally?", dstPath)
-			}
-		}
-
-		if err := configureAndCp(c, cl, app, srcPath, dstPath, service, isToContainer); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
 		return nil
 	},
-	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 }
 
-func configureAndCp(
+var errServiceMissing = errors.New("one of <src>/<dest> arguments must take $SERVICE:$PATH form")
-	c *cli.Context,
-	cl *dockerClient.Client,
-	app config.App,
-	srcPath string,
-	dstPath string,
-	service string,
-	isToContainer bool) error {
-	filters := filters.NewArgs()
-	filters.Add("name", fmt.Sprintf("^%s_%s", app.StackName(), service))
 
-	container, err := container.GetContainer(context.Background(), cl, filters, internal.NoInput)
+// parseSrcAndDst parses src and dest string. One of src or dst must be of the form $SERVICE:$PATH
+func parseSrcAndDst(src, dst string) (srcPath string, dstPath string, service string, toContainer bool, err error) {
+	parsedSrc := strings.SplitN(src, ":", 2)
+	parsedDst := strings.SplitN(dst, ":", 2)
+	if len(parsedSrc)+len(parsedDst) != 3 {
+		return "", "", "", false, errServiceMissing
+	}
+	if len(parsedSrc) == 2 {
+		return parsedSrc[1], dst, parsedSrc[0], false, nil
+	}
+	if len(parsedDst) == 2 {
+		return src, parsedDst[1], parsedDst[0], true, nil
+	}
+	return "", "", "", false, errServiceMissing
+}
+
+// CopyToContainer copies a file or directory from the local file system to the container.
+// See the possible copy modes and their documentation.
+func CopyToContainer(cl *dockerClient.Client, containerID, srcPath, dstPath string) error {
+	srcStat, err := os.Stat(srcPath)
 	if err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("local %s ", err)
 	}
 
-	logrus.Debugf("retrieved %s as target container on %s", formatter.ShortenID(container.ID), app.Server)
+	dstStat, err := cl.ContainerStatPath(context.Background(), containerID, dstPath)
-
+	dstExists := true
-	if isToContainer {
+	if err != nil {
-		if _, err := os.Stat(srcPath); err != nil {
+		if errdefs.IsNotFound(err) {
-			logrus.Fatalf("%s does not exist?", srcPath)
+			dstExists = false
+		} else {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remote path: %s", err)
+		}
 	}
 
-		toTarOpts := &archive.TarOptions{NoOverwriteDirNonDir: true, Compression: archive.Gzip}
+	mode, err := copyMode(srcPath, dstPath, srcStat.Mode(), dstStat.Mode, dstExists)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	movePath := ""
+	switch mode {
+	case CopyModeDirToDir:
+		// Add the src directory to the destination path
+		_, srcDir := path.Split(srcPath)
+		dstPath = path.Join(dstPath, srcDir)
+
+		// Make sure the dst directory exits.
+		dcli, err := command.NewDockerCli()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if _, err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, containerID, &types.ExecConfig{
+			AttachStderr: true,
+			AttachStdin:  true,
+			AttachStdout: true,
+			Cmd:          []string{"mkdir", "-p", dstPath},
+			Detach:       false,
+			Tty:          true,
+		}); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create remote directory: %s", err)
+		}
+	case CopyModeFileToFile:
+		// Remove the file component from the path, since docker can only copy
+		// to a directory.
+		dstPath, _ = path.Split(dstPath)
+	case CopyModeFileToFileRename:
+		// Copy the file to the temp directory and move it to its dstPath
+		// afterwards.
+		movePath = dstPath
+		dstPath = "/tmp"
+	}
+
+	toTarOpts := &archive.TarOptions{IncludeSourceDir: true, NoOverwriteDirNonDir: true, Compression: archive.Gzip}
 	content, err := archive.TarWithOptions(srcPath, toTarOpts)
 	if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		return err
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("copy %s from local to %s on container", srcPath, dstPath)
 	copyOpts := types.CopyToContainerOptions{AllowOverwriteDirWithFile: false, CopyUIDGID: false}
-		if err := cl.CopyToContainer(context.Background(), container.ID, dstPath, content, copyOpts); err != nil {
+	if err := cl.CopyToContainer(context.Background(), containerID, dstPath, content, copyOpts); err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		return err
 	}
-	} else {
+
-		content, _, err := cl.CopyFromContainer(context.Background(), container.ID, srcPath)
+	if movePath != "" {
+		_, srcFile := path.Split(srcPath)
+		dcli, err := command.NewDockerCli()
 		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+			return err
 		}
-		defer content.Close()
+		if _, err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, containerID, &types.ExecConfig{
-		fromTarOpts := &archive.TarOptions{NoOverwriteDirNonDir: true, Compression: archive.Gzip}
+			AttachStderr: true,
-		if err := archive.Untar(content, dstPath, fromTarOpts); err != nil {
+			AttachStdin:  true,
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+			AttachStdout: true,
+			Cmd:          []string{"mv", path.Join("/tmp", srcFile), movePath},
+			Detach:       false,
+			Tty:          true,
+		}); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create remote directory: %s", err)
 		}
 	}
 
 	return nil
 }
+
+// CopyFromContainer copies a file or directory from the given container to the local file system.
+// See the possible copy modes and their documentation.
+func CopyFromContainer(cl *dockerClient.Client, containerID, srcPath, dstPath string) error {
+	srcStat, err := cl.ContainerStatPath(context.Background(), containerID, srcPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errdefs.IsNotFound(err) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remote: %s does not exist", srcPath)
+		} else {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remote path: %s", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	dstStat, err := os.Stat(dstPath)
+	dstExists := true
+	var dstMode os.FileMode
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			dstExists = false
+		} else {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remote path: %s", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		dstMode = dstStat.Mode()
+	}
+
+	mode, err := copyMode(srcPath, dstPath, srcStat.Mode, dstMode, dstExists)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	moveDstDir := ""
+	moveDstFile := ""
+	switch mode {
+	case CopyModeFileToFile:
+		// Remove the file component from the path, since docker can only copy
+		// to a directory.
+		dstPath, _ = path.Split(dstPath)
+	case CopyModeFileToFileRename:
+		// Copy the file to the temp directory and move it to its dstPath
+		// afterwards.
+		moveDstFile = dstPath
+		dstPath = "/tmp"
+	case CopyModeFilesToDir:
+		// Copy the directory to the temp directory and move it to its
+		// dstPath afterwards.
+		moveDstDir = path.Join(dstPath, "/")
+		dstPath = "/tmp"
+
+		// Make sure the temp directory always gets removed
+		defer os.Remove(path.Join("/tmp"))
+	}
+
+	content, _, err := cl.CopyFromContainer(context.Background(), containerID, srcPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("copy: %s", err)
+	}
+	defer content.Close()
+	if err := archive.Untar(content, dstPath, &archive.TarOptions{
+		NoOverwriteDirNonDir: true,
+		Compression:          archive.Gzip,
+		NoLchown:             true,
+	}); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("untar: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if moveDstFile != "" {
+		_, srcFile := path.Split(strings.TrimSuffix(srcPath, "/"))
+		if err := moveFile(path.Join("/tmp", srcFile), moveDstFile); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if moveDstDir != "" {
+		_, srcDir := path.Split(strings.TrimSuffix(srcPath, "/"))
+		if err := moveDir(path.Join("/tmp", srcDir), moveDstDir); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+var (
+	ErrCopyDirToFile  = fmt.Errorf("can't copy dir to file")
+	ErrDstDirNotExist = fmt.Errorf("destination directory does not exist")
+)
+
+type CopyMode int
+
+const (
+	// Copy a src file to a dest file. The src and dest file names are the same.
+	//  <dir_src>/<file> + <dir_dst>/<file> -> <dir_dst>/<file>
+	CopyModeFileToFile = CopyMode(iota)
+	// Copy a src file to a dest file. The src and dest file names are  not the same.
+	//  <dir_src>/<file_src> + <dir_dst>/<file_dst> -> <dir_dst>/<file_dst>
+	CopyModeFileToFileRename
+	// Copy a src file to dest directory. The dest file gets created in the dest
+	// folder with the src filename.
+	//  <dir_src>/<file> + <dir_dst> -> <dir_dst>/<file>
+	CopyModeFileToDir
+	// Copy a src directory to dest directory.
+	//  <dir_src> + <dir_dst> -> <dir_dst>/<dir_src>
+	CopyModeDirToDir
+	// Copy all files in the src directory to the dest directory. This works recursively.
+	//  <dir_src>/ + <dir_dst> -> <dir_dst>/<files_from_dir_src>
+	CopyModeFilesToDir
+)
+
+// copyMode takes a src and dest path and file mode to determine the copy mode.
+// See the possible copy modes and their documentation.
+func copyMode(srcPath, dstPath string, srcMode os.FileMode, dstMode os.FileMode, dstExists bool) (CopyMode, error) {
+	_, srcFile := path.Split(srcPath)
+	_, dstFile := path.Split(dstPath)
+	if srcMode.IsDir() {
+		if !dstExists {
+			return -1, ErrDstDirNotExist
+		}
+		if dstMode.IsDir() {
+			if strings.HasSuffix(srcPath, "/") {
+				return CopyModeFilesToDir, nil
+			}
+			return CopyModeDirToDir, nil
+		}
+		return -1, ErrCopyDirToFile
+	}
+
+	if dstMode.IsDir() {
+		return CopyModeFileToDir, nil
+	}
+
+	if srcFile != dstFile {
+		return CopyModeFileToFileRename, nil
+	}
+
+	return CopyModeFileToFile, nil
+}
+
+// moveDir moves all files from a source path to the destination path recursively.
+func moveDir(sourcePath, destPath string) error {
+	return filepath.Walk(sourcePath, func(p string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error {
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		newPath := path.Join(destPath, strings.TrimPrefix(p, sourcePath))
+		if info.IsDir() {
+			err := os.Mkdir(newPath, info.Mode())
+			if err != nil {
+				if os.IsExist(err) {
+					return nil
+				}
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		if info.Mode().IsRegular() {
+			return moveFile(p, newPath)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+}
+
+// moveFile moves a file from a source path to a destination path.
+func moveFile(sourcePath, destPath string) error {
+	inputFile, err := os.Open(sourcePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	outputFile, err := os.Create(destPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		inputFile.Close()
+		return err
+	}
+	defer outputFile.Close()
+	_, err = io.Copy(outputFile, inputFile)
+	inputFile.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Remove file after succesfull copy.
+	err = os.Remove(sourcePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}

cli/app/cp_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+package app
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestParse(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		src         string
+		dst         string
+		srcPath     string
+		dstPath     string
+		service     string
+		toContainer bool
+		err         error
+	}{
+		{src: "foo", dst: "bar", err: errServiceMissing},
+		{src: "app:foo", dst: "app:bar", err: errServiceMissing},
+		{src: "app:foo", dst: "bar", srcPath: "foo", dstPath: "bar", service: "app", toContainer: false},
+		{src: "foo", dst: "app:bar", srcPath: "foo", dstPath: "bar", service: "app", toContainer: true},
+	}
+
+	for i, tc := range tests {
+		srcPath, dstPath, service, toContainer, err := parseSrcAndDst(tc.src, tc.dst)
+		if srcPath != tc.srcPath {
+			t.Errorf("[%d] srcPath: want (%s), got(%s)", i, tc.srcPath, srcPath)
+		}
+		if dstPath != tc.dstPath {
+			t.Errorf("[%d] dstPath: want (%s), got(%s)", i, tc.dstPath, dstPath)
+		}
+		if service != tc.service {
+			t.Errorf("[%d] service: want (%s), got(%s)", i, tc.service, service)
+		}
+		if toContainer != tc.toContainer {
+			t.Errorf("[%d] toConainer: want (%t), got(%t)", i, tc.toContainer, toContainer)
+		}
+		if err == nil && tc.err != nil && err.Error() != tc.err.Error() {
+			t.Errorf("[%d] err: want (%s), got(%s)", i, tc.err, err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCopyMode(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		srcPath   string
+		dstPath   string
+		srcMode   os.FileMode
+		dstMode   os.FileMode
+		dstExists bool
+		mode      CopyMode
+		err       error
+	}{
+		{
+			srcPath:   "foo.txt",
+			dstPath:   "foo.txt",
+			srcMode:   os.ModePerm,
+			dstMode:   os.ModePerm,
+			dstExists: true,
+			mode:      CopyModeFileToFile,
+		},
+		{
+			srcPath:   "foo.txt",
+			dstPath:   "bar.txt",
+			srcMode:   os.ModePerm,
+			dstExists: true,
+			mode:      CopyModeFileToFileRename,
+		},
+		{
+			srcPath:   "foo",
+			dstPath:   "foo",
+			srcMode:   os.ModeDir,
+			dstMode:   os.ModeDir,
+			dstExists: true,
+			mode:      CopyModeDirToDir,
+		},
+		{
+			srcPath:   "foo/",
+			dstPath:   "foo",
+			srcMode:   os.ModeDir,
+			dstMode:   os.ModeDir,
+			dstExists: true,
+			mode:      CopyModeFilesToDir,
+		},
+		{
+			srcPath:   "foo",
+			dstPath:   "foo",
+			srcMode:   os.ModeDir,
+			dstExists: false,
+			mode:      -1,
+			err:       ErrDstDirNotExist,
+		},
+		{
+			srcPath:   "foo",
+			dstPath:   "foo",
+			srcMode:   os.ModeDir,
+			dstMode:   os.ModePerm,
+			dstExists: true,
+			mode:      -1,
+			err:       ErrCopyDirToFile,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for i, tc := range tests {
+		mode, err := copyMode(tc.srcPath, tc.dstPath, tc.srcMode, tc.dstMode, tc.dstExists)
+		if mode != tc.mode {
+			t.Errorf("[%d] mode: want (%d), got(%d)", i, tc.mode, mode)
+		}
+		if err != tc.err {
+			t.Errorf("[%d] err: want (%s), got(%s)", i, tc.err, err)
+		}
+	}
+}

cli/app/deploy.go

@@ -3,14 +3,10 @@ package app
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"io/ioutil"
-	"os"
-	"path"
-	"strings"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/secret"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
@@ -20,8 +16,6 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/lint"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
-	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
-	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
@@ -30,7 +24,7 @@ var appDeployCommand = cli.Command{
 	Name:      "deploy",
 	Aliases:   []string{"d"},
 	Usage:     "Deploy an app",
-	ArgsUsage: "<domain>",
+	ArgsUsage: "<domain> [<version>]",
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.NoInputFlag,
@@ -48,28 +42,41 @@ for this you need to look at the "abra app upgrade <domain>" command.
 You may pass "--force" to re-deploy the same version again. This can be useful
 if the container runtime has gotten into a weird state.
 
-Chas mode ("--chaos") will deploy your local checkout of a recipe as-is,
+Chaos mode ("--chaos") will deploy your local checkout of a recipe as-is,
 including unstaged changes and can be useful for live hacking and testing new
 recipes.
 `,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 		stackName := app.StackName()
 
-		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
+		specificVersion := c.Args().Get(1)
-		if err != nil {
+		if specificVersion != "" && internal.Chaos {
+			logrus.Fatal("cannot use <version> and --chaos together")
+		}
+
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
 		if !internal.Chaos {
-			if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe, conf); err != nil {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
 					logrus.Fatal(err)
 				}
 			}
 
-		r, err := recipe.Get(app.Recipe, conf)
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		r, err := recipe.Get(app.Recipe, internal.Offline)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -80,11 +87,40 @@ recipes.
 
 		logrus.Debugf("checking whether %s is already deployed", stackName)
 
+		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
 		isDeployed, deployedVersion, err := stack.IsDeployed(context.Background(), cl, stackName)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
+		// NOTE(d1): check out specific version before dealing with secrets. This
+		// is because we need to deal with GetComposeFiles under the hood and these
+		// files change from version to version which therefore affects which
+		// secrets might be generated
+		version := deployedVersion
+		if specificVersion != "" {
+			version = specificVersion
+			logrus.Debugf("choosing %s as version to deploy", version)
+			if err := recipe.EnsureVersion(app.Recipe, version); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		secStats, err := secret.PollSecretsStatus(cl, app)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		for _, secStat := range secStats {
+			if !secStat.CreatedOnRemote {
+				logrus.Fatalf("unable to deploy, secrets not generated (%s)?", secStat.LocalName)
+			}
+		}
+
 		if isDeployed {
 			if internal.Force || internal.Chaos {
 				logrus.Warnf("%s is already deployed but continuing (--force/--chaos)", app.Name)
@@ -93,9 +129,8 @@ recipes.
 			}
 		}
 
-		version := deployedVersion
+		if !internal.Chaos && specificVersion == "" {
-		if version == "unknown" && !internal.Chaos {
+			catl, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(internal.Offline)
-			catl, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(conf)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -103,7 +138,21 @@ recipes.
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
-			if len(versions) > 0 {
+
+			if len(versions) == 0 && !internal.Chaos {
+				logrus.Warn("no published versions in catalogue, trying local recipe repository")
+				recipeVersions, err := recipe.GetRecipeVersions(app.Recipe, internal.Offline)
+				if err != nil {
+					logrus.Warn(err)
+				}
+				for _, recipeVersion := range recipeVersions {
+					for version := range recipeVersion {
+						versions = append(versions, version)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			if len(versions) > 0 && !internal.Chaos {
 				version = versions[len(versions)-1]
 				logrus.Debugf("choosing %s as version to deploy", version)
 				if err := recipe.EnsureVersion(app.Recipe, version); err != nil {
@@ -116,22 +165,6 @@ recipes.
 				}
 				version = formatter.SmallSHA(head.String())
 				logrus.Warn("no versions detected, using latest commit")
-				if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe, conf); err != nil {
-					logrus.Fatal(err)
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		if version == "unknown" && !internal.Chaos {
-			logrus.Debugf("choosing %s as version to deploy", version)
-			if err := recipe.EnsureVersion(app.Recipe, version); err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-		}
-
-		if version != "unknown" && !internal.Chaos {
-			if err := recipe.EnsureVersion(app.Recipe, version); err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -153,10 +186,11 @@ recipes.
 			app.Env[k] = v
 		}
 
-		composeFiles, err := config.GetAppComposeFiles(app.Recipe, app.Env)
+		composeFiles, err := config.GetComposeFiles(app.Recipe, app.Env)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
+
 		deployOpts := stack.Deploy{
 			Composefiles: composeFiles,
 			Namespace:    stackName,
@@ -167,13 +201,25 @@ recipes.
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
+
 		config.ExposeAllEnv(stackName, compose, app.Env)
 		config.SetRecipeLabel(compose, stackName, app.Recipe)
 		config.SetChaosLabel(compose, stackName, internal.Chaos)
 		config.SetChaosVersionLabel(compose, stackName, version)
 		config.SetUpdateLabel(compose, stackName, app.Env)
 
-		if err := DeployOverview(app, version, "continue with deployment?"); err != nil {
+		envVars, err := config.CheckEnv(app)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		for _, envVar := range envVars {
+			if !envVar.Present {
+				logrus.Warnf("env var %s missing from %s.env, present in recipe .env.sample", envVar.Name, app.Domain)
+			}
+		}
+
+		if err := internal.DeployOverview(app, version, "continue with deployment?"); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
@@ -203,175 +249,10 @@ recipes.
 		postDeployCmds, ok := app.Env["POST_DEPLOY_CMDS"]
 		if ok && !internal.DontWaitConverge {
 			logrus.Debugf("run the following post-deploy commands: %s", postDeployCmds)
-			if err := PostCmds(cl, app, postDeployCmds); err != nil {
+			if err := internal.PostCmds(cl, app, postDeployCmds); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatalf("attempting to run post deploy commands, saw: %s", err)
 			}
 		}
 		return nil
 	},
 }
-
-// PostCmds parses a string of commands and executes them inside of the respective services
-// the commands string must have the following format:
-// "<service> <command> <arguments>|<service> <command> <arguments>|... "
-func PostCmds(cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, commands string) error {
-	abraSh := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, app.Recipe, "abra.sh")
-	if _, err := os.Stat(abraSh); err != nil {
-		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-			return fmt.Errorf(fmt.Sprintf("%s does not exist for %s?", abraSh, app.Name))
-		}
-		return err
-	}
-
-	for _, command := range strings.Split(commands, "|") {
-		commandParts := strings.Split(command, " ")
-		if len(commandParts) < 2 {
-			return fmt.Errorf(fmt.Sprintf("not enough arguments: %s", command))
-		}
-		targetServiceName := commandParts[0]
-		cmdName := commandParts[1]
-		parsedCmdArgs := ""
-		if len(commandParts) > 2 {
-			parsedCmdArgs = fmt.Sprintf("%s ", strings.Join(commandParts[2:], " "))
-		}
-		logrus.Infof("running post-command '%s %s' in container %s", cmdName, parsedCmdArgs, targetServiceName)
-
-		if err := internal.EnsureCommand(abraSh, app.Recipe, cmdName); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		serviceNames, err := config.GetAppServiceNames(app.Name)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		matchingServiceName := false
-		for _, serviceName := range serviceNames {
-			if serviceName == targetServiceName {
-				matchingServiceName = true
-			}
-		}
-
-		if !matchingServiceName {
-			return fmt.Errorf(fmt.Sprintf("no service %s for %s?", targetServiceName, app.Name))
-		}
-
-		logrus.Debugf("running command %s %s within the context of %s_%s", cmdName, parsedCmdArgs, app.StackName(), targetServiceName)
-
-		internal.Tty = true
-		if err := internal.RunCmdRemote(cl, app, abraSh, targetServiceName, cmdName, parsedCmdArgs); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// DeployOverview shows a deployment overview
-func DeployOverview(app config.App, version, message string) error {
-	tableCol := []string{"server", "recipe", "config", "domain", "version"}
-	table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
-
-	deployConfig := "compose.yml"
-	if composeFiles, ok := app.Env["COMPOSE_FILE"]; ok {
-		deployConfig = strings.Join(strings.Split(composeFiles, ":"), "\n")
-	}
-
-	server := app.Server
-	if app.Server == "default" {
-		server = "local"
-	}
-
-	table.Append([]string{server, app.Recipe, deployConfig, app.Domain, version})
-	table.Render()
-
-	if internal.NoInput {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	response := false
-	prompt := &survey.Confirm{
-		Message: message,
-	}
-
-	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if !response {
-		logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// NewVersionOverview shows an upgrade or downgrade overview
-func NewVersionOverview(app config.App, currentVersion, newVersion, releaseNotes string) error {
-	tableCol := []string{"server", "recipe", "config", "domain", "current version", "to be deployed"}
-	table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
-
-	deployConfig := "compose.yml"
-	if composeFiles, ok := app.Env["COMPOSE_FILE"]; ok {
-		deployConfig = strings.Join(strings.Split(composeFiles, ":"), "\n")
-	}
-
-	server := app.Server
-	if app.Server == "default" {
-		server = "local"
-	}
-
-	table.Append([]string{server, app.Recipe, deployConfig, app.Domain, currentVersion, newVersion})
-	table.Render()
-
-	if releaseNotes == "" {
-		var err error
-		releaseNotes, err = GetReleaseNotes(app.Recipe, newVersion)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if releaseNotes != "" && newVersion != "" {
-		fmt.Println()
-		fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("%s release notes:\n\n%s", newVersion, releaseNotes))
-	} else {
-		logrus.Warnf("no release notes available for %s", newVersion)
-	}
-
-	if internal.NoInput {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	response := false
-	prompt := &survey.Confirm{
-		Message: "continue with deployment?",
-	}
-
-	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if !response {
-		logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// GetReleaseNotes prints release notes for a recipe version
-func GetReleaseNotes(recipeName, version string) (string, error) {
-	if version == "" {
-		return "", nil
-	}
-
-	fpath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipeName, "release", version)
-
-	if _, err := os.Stat(fpath); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		releaseNotes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(fpath)
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
-		return string(releaseNotes), nil
-	}
-
-	return "", nil
-}

cli/app/errors.go

@@ -12,9 +12,8 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
+	containerTypes "github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
 	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
@@ -56,8 +55,7 @@ the logs.
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -74,25 +72,23 @@ the logs.
 		}
 
 		if !internal.Watch {
-			if err := checkErrors(c, cl, app, conf); err != nil {
+			if err := checkErrors(c, cl, app); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 			return nil
 		}
 
 		for {
-			if err := checkErrors(c, cl, app, conf); err != nil {
+			if err := checkErrors(c, cl, app); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 			time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
 		}
-
-		return nil
 	},
 }
 
-func checkErrors(c *cli.Context, cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, conf *runtime.Config) error {
+func checkErrors(c *cli.Context, cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App) error {
-	recipe, err := recipe.Get(app.Recipe, conf)
+	recipe, err := recipe.Get(app.Recipe, internal.Offline)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -101,7 +97,7 @@ func checkErrors(c *cli.Context, cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, conf *
 		filters := filters.NewArgs()
 		filters.Add("name", fmt.Sprintf("^%s_%s", app.StackName(), service.Name))
 
-		containers, err := cl.ContainerList(context.Background(), types.ContainerListOptions{Filters: filters})
+		containers, err := cl.ContainerList(context.Background(), containerTypes.ListOptions{Filters: filters})
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}

cli/app/list.go

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
@@ -84,8 +83,6 @@ can take some time.
 	},
 	Before: internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
-
 		appFiles, err := config.LoadAppFiles(listAppServer)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
@@ -113,7 +110,7 @@ can take some time.
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 
-			catl, err = recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(conf)
+			catl, err = recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(internal.Offline)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}

cli/app/logs.go

@@ -2,57 +2,125 @@ package app
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"os"
+	"slices"
 	"sync"
+	"time"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/service"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
+	containerTypes "github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/swarm"
 	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
 
-var logOpts = types.ContainerLogsOptions{
+var appLogsCommand = cli.Command{
+	Name:      "logs",
+	Aliases:   []string{"l"},
+	ArgsUsage: "<domain> [<service>]",
+	Usage:     "Tail app logs",
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.StdErrOnlyFlag,
+		internal.SinceLogsFlag,
+		internal.DebugFlag,
+	},
+	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
+		stackName := app.StackName()
+
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		isDeployed, _, err := stack.IsDeployed(context.Background(), cl, stackName)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !isDeployed {
+			logrus.Fatalf("%s is not deployed?", app.Name)
+		}
+
+		serviceName := c.Args().Get(1)
+		serviceNames := []string{}
+		if serviceName != "" {
+			serviceNames = []string{serviceName}
+		}
+		err = tailLogs(cl, app, serviceNames)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+// tailLogs prints logs for the given app with optional service names to be
+// filtered on. It also checks if the latest task is not runnning and then
+// prints the past tasks.
+func tailLogs(cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, serviceNames []string) error {
+	f, err := app.Filters(true, false, serviceNames...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	services, err := cl.ServiceList(context.Background(), types.ServiceListOptions{Filters: f})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	for _, service := range services {
+		filters := filters.NewArgs()
+		filters.Add("name", service.Spec.Name)
+		tasks, err := cl.TaskList(context.Background(), types.TaskListOptions{Filters: f})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if len(tasks) > 0 {
+			// Need to sort the tasks by the CreatedAt field in the inverse order.
+			// Otherwise they are in the reversed order and not sorted properly.
+			slices.SortFunc[[]swarm.Task](tasks, func(t1, t2 swarm.Task) int {
+				return int(t2.Meta.CreatedAt.Unix() - t1.Meta.CreatedAt.Unix())
+			})
+			lastTask := tasks[0].Status
+			if lastTask.State != swarm.TaskStateRunning {
+				for _, task := range tasks {
+					logrus.Errorf("[%s] %s State %s: %s", service.Spec.Name, task.Meta.CreatedAt.Format(time.RFC3339), task.Status.State, task.Status.Err)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Collect the logs in a go routine, so the logs from all services are
+		// collected in parallel.
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(serviceID string) {
+			logs, err := cl.ServiceLogs(context.Background(), serviceID, containerTypes.LogsOptions{
 				ShowStderr: true,
-	ShowStdout: true,
+				ShowStdout: !internal.StdErrOnly,
-	Since:      "",
+				Since:      internal.SinceLogs,
 				Until:      "",
 				Timestamps: true,
 				Follow:     true,
 				Tail:       "20",
 				Details:    false,
-}
+			})
-
-// stackLogs lists logs for all stack services
-func stackLogs(c *cli.Context, app config.App, client *dockerClient.Client) {
-	filters, err := app.Filters(true, false)
-	if err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	serviceOpts := types.ServiceListOptions{Filters: filters}
-	services, err := client.ServiceList(context.Background(), serviceOpts)
-	if err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	var wg sync.WaitGroup
-	for _, service := range services {
-		wg.Add(1)
-		go func(s string) {
-			if internal.StdErrOnly {
-				logOpts.ShowStdout = false
-			}
-
-			logs, err := client.ServiceLogs(context.Background(), s, logOpts)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -65,73 +133,8 @@ func stackLogs(c *cli.Context, app config.App, client *dockerClient.Client) {
 		}(service.ID)
 	}
 
+	// Wait for all log streams to be closed.
 	wg.Wait()
 
-	os.Exit(0)
-}
-
-var appLogsCommand = cli.Command{
-	Name:      "logs",
-	Aliases:   []string{"l"},
-	ArgsUsage: "<domain> [<service>]",
-	Usage:     "Tail app logs",
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
-		internal.StdErrOnlyFlag,
-		internal.SinceLogsFlag,
-		internal.DebugFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
-	},
-	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
-	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
-	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
-
-		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		logOpts.Since = internal.SinceLogs
-
-		serviceName := c.Args().Get(1)
-		if serviceName == "" {
-			logrus.Debugf("tailing logs for all %s services", app.Recipe)
-			stackLogs(c, app, cl)
-		} else {
-			logrus.Debugf("tailing logs for %s", serviceName)
-			if err := tailServiceLogs(c, cl, app, serviceName); err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-		}
-
-		return nil
-	},
-}
-
-func tailServiceLogs(c *cli.Context, cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, serviceName string) error {
-	filters := filters.NewArgs()
-	filters.Add("name", fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", app.StackName(), serviceName))
-
-	chosenService, err := service.GetService(context.Background(), cl, filters, internal.NoInput)
-	if err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if internal.StdErrOnly {
-		logOpts.ShowStdout = false
-	}
-
-	logs, err := cl.ServiceLogs(context.Background(), chosenService.ID, logOpts)
-	if err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	defer logs.Close()
-
-	_, err = io.Copy(os.Stdout, logs)
-	if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
 	return nil
 }

cli/app/new.go

@@ -5,15 +5,12 @@ import (
 	"path"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/app"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/jsontable"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
 	recipePkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/secret"
 	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
 	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
@@ -54,16 +51,61 @@ var appNewCommand = cli.Command{
 		internal.PassFlag,
 		internal.SecretsFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		internal.ChaosFlag,
 	},
 	Before:    internal.SubCommandBefore,
-	ArgsUsage: "[<recipe>]",
+	ArgsUsage: "[<recipe>] [<version>]",
+	BashComplete: func(ctx *cli.Context) {
+		args := ctx.Args()
+		switch len(args) {
+		case 0:
+			autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete(ctx)
+		case 1:
+			autocomplete.RecipeVersionComplete(ctx.Args().Get(0))
+		}
+	},
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
-		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipeWithPrompt(c, conf)
 
-		if err := recipePkg.EnsureUpToDate(recipe.Name, conf); err != nil {
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipePkg.EnsureIsClean(recipe.Name); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipePkg.EnsureUpToDate(recipe.Name); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+			if c.Args().Get(1) == "" {
+				var version string
+
+				recipeVersions, err := recipePkg.GetRecipeVersions(recipe.Name, internal.Offline)
+				if err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				// NOTE(d1): determine whether recipe versions exist or not and check
+				// out the latest version or current HEAD
+				if len(recipeVersions) > 0 {
+					latest := recipeVersions[len(recipeVersions)-1]
+					for tag := range latest {
+						version = tag
+					}
+
+					if err := recipePkg.EnsureVersion(recipe.Name, version); err != nil {
+						logrus.Fatal(err)
+					}
+				} else {
+					if err := recipePkg.EnsureLatest(recipe.Name); err != nil {
+						logrus.Fatal(err)
+					}
+				}
+			} else {
+				if err := recipePkg.EnsureVersion(recipe.Name, c.Args().Get(1)); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+		}
 
 		if err := ensureServerFlag(); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
@@ -85,7 +127,26 @@ var appNewCommand = cli.Command{
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		if err := promptForSecrets(internal.Domain); err != nil {
+		var secrets AppSecrets
+		var secretTable *jsontable.JSONTable
+		if internal.Secrets {
+			sampleEnv, err := recipe.SampleEnv()
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			composeFiles, err := config.GetComposeFiles(recipe.Name, sampleEnv)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipe.Name, ".env.sample")
+			secretsConfig, err := secret.ReadSecretsConfig(envSamplePath, composeFiles, config.StackName(internal.Domain))
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			if err := promptForSecrets(recipe.Name, secretsConfig); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 
@@ -94,20 +155,16 @@ var appNewCommand = cli.Command{
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 
-		var secrets AppSecrets
+			secrets, err = createSecrets(cl, secretsConfig, sanitisedAppName)
-		var secretTable *jsontable.JSONTable
-		if internal.Secrets {
-			secrets, err := createSecrets(cl, sanitisedAppName)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 
 			secretCols := []string{"Name", "Value"}
 			secretTable = formatter.CreateTable(secretCols)
-			for secret := range secrets {
+			for name, val := range secrets {
-				secretTable.Append([]string{secret, secrets[secret]})
+				secretTable.Append([]string{name, val})
 			}
-
 		}
 
 		if internal.NewAppServer == "default" {
@@ -118,7 +175,6 @@ var appNewCommand = cli.Command{
 		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
 		table.Append([]string{internal.NewAppServer, recipe.Name, internal.Domain})
 
-		fmt.Println("")
 		fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("A new %s app has been created! Here is an overview:", recipe.Name))
 		fmt.Println("")
 		table.Render()
@@ -128,40 +184,31 @@ var appNewCommand = cli.Command{
 		fmt.Println("")
 		fmt.Println("You can deploy this app by running the following:")
 		fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("\n    abra app deploy %s", internal.Domain))
-		fmt.Println("")
 
 		if len(secrets) > 0 {
+			fmt.Println("")
 			fmt.Println("Here are your generated secrets:")
 			fmt.Println("")
 			secretTable.Render()
-			fmt.Println("")
+			logrus.Warn("generated secrets are not shown again, please take note of them NOW")
-			logrus.Warn("generated secrets are not shown again, please take note of them *now*")
 		}
 
 		return nil
 	},
-	BashComplete: autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete,
 }
 
 // AppSecrets represents all app secrest
 type AppSecrets map[string]string
 
 // createSecrets creates all secrets for a new app.
-func createSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, sanitisedAppName string) (AppSecrets, error) {
+func createSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, secretsConfig map[string]secret.Secret, sanitisedAppName string) (AppSecrets, error) {
-	appEnvPath := path.Join(
+	// NOTE(d1): trim to match app.StackName() implementation
-		config.ABRA_DIR,
+	if len(sanitisedAppName) > config.MAX_SANITISED_APP_NAME_LENGTH {
-		"servers",
+		logrus.Debugf("trimming %s to %s to avoid runtime limits", sanitisedAppName, sanitisedAppName[:config.MAX_SANITISED_APP_NAME_LENGTH])
-		internal.NewAppServer,
+		sanitisedAppName = sanitisedAppName[:config.MAX_SANITISED_APP_NAME_LENGTH]
-		fmt.Sprintf("%s.env", internal.Domain),
-	)
-
-	appEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(appEnvPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	secretEnvVars := secret.ReadSecretEnvVars(appEnv)
+	secrets, err := secret.GenerateSecrets(cl, secretsConfig, internal.NewAppServer)
-	secrets, err := secret.GenerateSecrets(cl, secretEnvVars, sanitisedAppName, internal.NewAppServer)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -179,11 +226,12 @@ func createSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, sanitisedAppName string) (AppSecrets
 			}
 		}
 	}
+
 	return secrets, nil
 }
 
 // ensureDomainFlag checks if the domain flag was used. if not, asks the user for it/
-func ensureDomainFlag(recipe recipe.Recipe, server string) error {
+func ensureDomainFlag(recipe recipePkg.Recipe, server string) error {
 	if internal.Domain == "" && !internal.NoInput {
 		prompt := &survey.Input{
 			Message: "Specify app domain",
@@ -202,15 +250,9 @@ func ensureDomainFlag(recipe recipe.Recipe, server string) error {
 }
 
 // promptForSecrets asks if we should generate secrets for a new app.
-func promptForSecrets(appName string) error {
+func promptForSecrets(recipeName string, secretsConfig map[string]secret.Secret) error {
-	app, err := app.Get(appName)
+	if len(secretsConfig) == 0 {
-	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Debugf("%s has no secrets to generate, skipping...", recipeName)
-		return err
-	}
-
-	secretEnvVars := secret.ReadSecretEnvVars(app.Env)
-	if len(secretEnvVars) == 0 {
-		logrus.Debugf("%s has no secrets to generate, skipping...", app.Recipe)
 		return nil
 	}
 

cli/app/ps.go

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ package app
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"strings"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
 	"time"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
@@ -10,12 +11,13 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/service"
+	abraService "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/service"
 	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"github.com/buger/goterm"
 	dockerFormatter "github.com/docker/cli/cli/command/formatter"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
+	containerTypes "github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
 	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
@@ -28,22 +30,21 @@ var appPsCommand = cli.Command{
 	ArgsUsage:   "<domain>",
 	Description: "Show a more detailed status output of a specific deployed app",
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.MachineReadableFlag,
 		internal.WatchFlag,
 		internal.DebugFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		isDeployed, _, err := stack.IsDeployed(context.Background(), cl, app.StackName())
+		isDeployed, deployedVersion, err := stack.IsDeployed(context.Background(), cl, app.StackName())
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -52,6 +53,15 @@ var appPsCommand = cli.Command{
 			logrus.Fatalf("%s is not deployed?", app.Name)
 		}
 
+		statuses, err := config.GetAppStatuses([]config.App{app}, true)
+		if statusMeta, ok := statuses[app.StackName()]; ok {
+			if _, exists := statusMeta["chaos"]; !exists {
+				if err := recipe.EnsureVersion(app.Recipe, deployedVersion); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
 		if !internal.Watch {
 			showPSOutput(c, app, cl)
 			return nil
@@ -69,36 +79,77 @@ var appPsCommand = cli.Command{
 
 // showPSOutput renders ps output.
 func showPSOutput(c *cli.Context, app config.App, cl *dockerClient.Client) {
-	filters, err := app.Filters(true, true)
+	composeFiles, err := config.GetComposeFiles(app.Recipe, app.Env)
 	if err != nil {
 		logrus.Fatal(err)
+		return
 	}
 
-	containers, err := cl.ContainerList(context.Background(), types.ContainerListOptions{Filters: filters})
+	deployOpts := stack.Deploy{
+		Composefiles: composeFiles,
+		Namespace:    app.StackName(),
+		Prune:        false,
+		ResolveImage: stack.ResolveImageAlways,
+	}
+	compose, err := config.GetAppComposeConfig(app.Name, deployOpts, app.Env)
 	if err != nil {
 		logrus.Fatal(err)
+		return
 	}
 
+	var tablerows [][]string
+	allContainerStats := make(map[string]map[string]string)
+	for _, service := range compose.Services {
+		filters := filters.NewArgs()
+		filters.Add("name", fmt.Sprintf("^%s_%s", app.StackName(), service.Name))
+
+		containers, err := cl.ContainerList(context.Background(), containerTypes.ListOptions{Filters: filters})
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+			return
+		}
+
+		var containerStats map[string]string
+
+		if len(containers) == 0 {
+			containerStats = map[string]string{
+				"service name": service.Name,
+				"image":        "unknown",
+				"created":      "unknown",
+				"status":       "unknown",
+				"state":        "unknown",
+				"ports":        "unknown",
+			}
+		} else {
+			container := containers[0]
+			containerStats = map[string]string{
+				"service name": abraService.ContainerToServiceName(container.Names, app.StackName()),
+				"image":        formatter.RemoveSha(container.Image),
+				"created":      formatter.HumanDuration(container.Created),
+				"status":       container.Status,
+				"state":        container.State,
+				"ports":        dockerFormatter.DisplayablePorts(container.Ports),
+			}
+		}
+		allContainerStats[containerStats["service name"]] = containerStats
+
+		var tablerow []string = []string{containerStats["service name"], containerStats["image"], containerStats["created"], containerStats["status"], containerStats["state"], containerStats["ports"]}
+		tablerows = append(tablerows, tablerow)
+	}
+	if internal.MachineReadable {
+		jsonstring, err := json.Marshal(allContainerStats)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		} else {
+			fmt.Println(string(jsonstring))
+		}
+		return
+	} else {
 		tableCol := []string{"service name", "image", "created", "status", "state", "ports"}
 		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
-
+		for _, row := range tablerows {
-	for _, container := range containers {
+			table.Append(row)
-		var containerNames []string
-		for _, containerName := range container.Names {
-			trimmed := strings.TrimPrefix(containerName, "/")
-			containerNames = append(containerNames, trimmed)
 		}
-
-		tableRow := []string{
-			service.ContainerToServiceName(container.Names, app.StackName()),
-			formatter.RemoveSha(container.Image),
-			formatter.HumanDuration(container.Created),
-			container.Status,
-			container.State,
-			dockerFormatter.DisplayablePorts(container.Ports),
-		}
-		table.Append(tableRow)
-	}
-
 		table.Render()
 	}
+}

cli/app/remove.go

@@ -3,16 +3,15 @@ package app
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"log"
 	"os"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/volume"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
@@ -49,8 +48,7 @@ flag.
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 
 		if !internal.Force && !internal.NoInput {
 			response := false
@@ -112,26 +110,19 @@ flag.
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		volumeListOptions := volume.ListOptions{fs}
+		volumeList, err := client.GetVolumes(cl, context.Background(), app.Server, fs)
-		volumeListOKBody, err := cl.VolumeList(context.Background(), volumeListOptions)
-		volumeList := volumeListOKBody.Volumes
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
+		volumeNames := client.GetVolumeNames(volumeList)
 
-		var vols []string
+		if len(volumeNames) > 0 {
-		for _, vol := range volumeList {
+			err := client.RemoveVolumes(cl, context.Background(), volumeNames, internal.Force, 5)
-			vols = append(vols, vol.Name)
-		}
-
-		if len(vols) > 0 {
-			for _, vol := range vols {
-				err := cl.VolumeRemove(context.Background(), vol, internal.Force) // last argument is for force removing
 			if err != nil {
-					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				log.Fatalf("removing volumes failed: %s", err)
-				}
-				logrus.Info(fmt.Sprintf("volume %s removed", vol))
 			}
+
+			logrus.Infof("%d volumes removed successfully", len(volumeNames))
 		} else {
 			logrus.Info("no volumes to remove")
 		}

cli/app/restart.go

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	upstream "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/service"
 	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
@@ -28,8 +27,7 @@ var appRestartCommand = cli.Command{
 	Description:  `This command restarts a service within a deployed app.`,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 
 		serviceNameShort := c.Args().Get(1)
 		if serviceNameShort == "" {
@@ -42,6 +40,15 @@ var appRestartCommand = cli.Command{
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
+		isDeployed, _, err := stack.IsDeployed(context.Background(), cl, app.StackName())
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !isDeployed {
+			logrus.Fatalf("%s is not deployed?", app.Name)
+		}
+
 		serviceName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", app.StackName(), serviceNameShort)
 
 		logrus.Debugf("attempting to scale %s to 0 (restart logic)", serviceName)

cli/app/restore.go

@@ -1,206 +1,82 @@
 package app
 
 import (
-	"context"
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"os"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
-	containerPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/container"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/container"
-	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
-	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/archive"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
 
-type restoreConfig struct {
+var targetPath string
-	preHookCmd  string
+var targetPathFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	postHookCmd string
+	Name:        "target, t",
+	Usage:       "Target path",
+	Destination: &targetPath,
 }
 
 var appRestoreCommand = cli.Command{
 	Name:      "restore",
 	Aliases:   []string{"rs"},
-	Usage:     "Run app restore",
+	Usage:     "Restore an app backup",
-	ArgsUsage: "<domain> <service> <file>",
+	ArgsUsage: "<domain> <service>",
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		targetPathFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
-	Description: `
-Run an app restore.
-
-Pre/post hook commands are defined in the recipe configuration. Abra reads this
-configuration and run the comands in the context of the service before
-restoring the backup.
-
-Unlike "abra app backup", restore must be run on a per-service basis. You can
-not restore all services in one go. Backup files produced by Abra are
-compressed archives which use absolute paths. This allows Abra to restore
-according to standard tar command logic.
-
-Example:
-
-    abra app restore example.com app ~/.abra/backups/example_com_app_609341138.tar.gz
-`,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
+
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
 
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		serviceName := c.Args().Get(1)
+		targetContainer, err := internal.RetrieveBackupBotContainer(cl)
-		if serviceName == "" {
-			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("missing <service>?"))
-		}
-
-		backupPath := c.Args().Get(2)
-		if backupPath == "" {
-			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("missing <file>?"))
-		}
-
-		if _, err := os.Stat(backupPath); err != nil {
-			if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-				logrus.Fatalf("%s doesn't exist?", backupPath)
-			}
-		}
-
-		recipe, err := recipe.Get(app.Recipe, conf)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		restoreConfigs := make(map[string]restoreConfig)
+		execEnv := []string{fmt.Sprintf("SERVICE=%s", app.Domain)}
-		for _, service := range recipe.Config.Services {
+		if snapshot != "" {
-			if restoreEnabled, ok := service.Deploy.Labels["backupbot.restore"]; ok {
+			logrus.Debugf("including SNAPSHOT=%s in backupbot exec invocation", snapshot)
-				if restoreEnabled == "true" {
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("SNAPSHOT=%s", snapshot))
-					fullServiceName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", app.StackName(), service.Name)
+		}
-					rsConfig := restoreConfig{}
+		if targetPath != "" {
-
+			logrus.Debugf("including TARGET=%s in backupbot exec invocation", targetPath)
-					logrus.Debugf("restore config detected for %s", fullServiceName)
+			execEnv = append(execEnv, fmt.Sprintf("TARGET=%s", targetPath))
-
-					if preHookCmd, ok := service.Deploy.Labels["backupbot.restore.pre-hook"]; ok {
-						logrus.Debugf("detected pre-hook command for %s: %s", fullServiceName, preHookCmd)
-						rsConfig.preHookCmd = preHookCmd
 		}
 
-					if postHookCmd, ok := service.Deploy.Labels["backupbot.restore.post-hook"]; ok {
+		if err := internal.RunBackupCmdRemote(cl, "restore", targetContainer.ID, execEnv); err != nil {
-						logrus.Debugf("detected post-hook command for %s: %s", fullServiceName, postHookCmd)
-						rsConfig.postHookCmd = postHookCmd
-					}
-
-					restoreConfigs[service.Name] = rsConfig
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		rsConfig, ok := restoreConfigs[serviceName]
-		if !ok {
-			rsConfig = restoreConfig{}
-		}
-
-		if err := runRestore(cl, app, backupPath, serviceName, rsConfig); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
 		return nil
 	},
 }
-
-// runRestore does the actual restore logic.
-func runRestore(cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, backupPath, serviceName string, rsConfig restoreConfig) error {
-	// FIXME: avoid instantiating a new CLI
-	dcli, err := command.NewDockerCli()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	filters := filters.NewArgs()
-	filters.Add("name", fmt.Sprintf("^%s_%s", app.StackName(), serviceName))
-
-	targetContainer, err := containerPkg.GetContainer(context.Background(), cl, filters, true)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	fullServiceName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", app.StackName(), serviceName)
-	if rsConfig.preHookCmd != "" {
-		splitCmd := internal.SafeSplit(rsConfig.preHookCmd)
-
-		logrus.Debugf("split pre-hook command for %s into %s", fullServiceName, splitCmd)
-
-		preHookExecOpts := types.ExecConfig{
-			AttachStderr: true,
-			AttachStdin:  true,
-			AttachStdout: true,
-			Cmd:          splitCmd,
-			Detach:       false,
-			Tty:          true,
-		}
-
-		if err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &preHookExecOpts); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		logrus.Infof("succesfully ran %s pre-hook command: %s", fullServiceName, rsConfig.preHookCmd)
-	}
-
-	backupReader, err := os.Open(backupPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	content, err := archive.DecompressStream(backupReader)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	// we use absolute paths so tar knows what to do. it will restore files
-	// according to the paths set in the compresed archive
-	restorePath := "/"
-
-	copyOpts := types.CopyToContainerOptions{AllowOverwriteDirWithFile: false, CopyUIDGID: false}
-	if err := cl.CopyToContainer(context.Background(), targetContainer.ID, restorePath, content, copyOpts); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	logrus.Infof("restored %s to %s", backupPath, fullServiceName)
-
-	if rsConfig.postHookCmd != "" {
-		splitCmd := internal.SafeSplit(rsConfig.postHookCmd)
-
-		logrus.Debugf("split post-hook command for %s into %s", fullServiceName, splitCmd)
-
-		postHookExecOpts := types.ExecConfig{
-			AttachStderr: true,
-			AttachStdin:  true,
-			AttachStdout: true,
-			Cmd:          splitCmd,
-			Detach:       false,
-			Tty:          true,
-		}
-
-		if err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &postHookExecOpts); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		logrus.Infof("succesfully ran %s post-hook command: %s", fullServiceName, rsConfig.postHookCmd)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}

cli/app/rollback.go

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/lint"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
 
@@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ var appRollbackCommand = cli.Command{
 	Name:      "rollback",
 	Aliases:   []string{"rl"},
 	Usage:     "Roll an app back to a previous version",
-	ArgsUsage: "<domain>",
+	ArgsUsage: "<domain> [<version>]",
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.NoInputFlag,
@@ -43,23 +42,41 @@ useful if the container runtime has gotten into a weird state.
 This action could be destructive, please ensure you have a copy of your app
 data beforehand.
 
-Chas mode ("--chaos") will deploy your local checkout of a recipe as-is,
+Chaos mode ("--chaos") will deploy your local checkout of a recipe as-is,
 including unstaged changes and can be useful for live hacking and testing new
 recipes.
 `,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 		stackName := app.StackName()
 
+		specificVersion := c.Args().Get(1)
+		if specificVersion != "" && internal.Chaos {
+			logrus.Fatal("cannot use <version> and --chaos together")
+		}
+
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
 		if !internal.Chaos {
-			if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe, conf); err != nil {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
 					logrus.Fatal(err)
 				}
 			}
 
-		r, err := recipe.Get(app.Recipe, conf)
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		r, err := recipe.Get(app.Recipe, internal.Offline)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -84,7 +101,7 @@ recipes.
 			logrus.Fatalf("%s is not deployed?", app.Name)
 		}
 
-		catl, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(conf)
+		catl, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(internal.Offline)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -95,16 +112,40 @@ recipes.
 		}
 
 		if len(versions) == 0 && !internal.Chaos {
-			logrus.Fatalf("no published releases for %s in the recipe catalogue?", app.Recipe)
+			logrus.Warn("no published versions in catalogue, trying local recipe repository")
+			recipeVersions, err := recipe.GetRecipeVersions(app.Recipe, internal.Offline)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Warn(err)
+			}
+			for _, recipeVersion := range recipeVersions {
+				for version := range recipeVersion {
+					versions = append(versions, version)
+				}
+			}
 		}
 
 		var availableDowngrades []string
 		if deployedVersion == "unknown" {
 			availableDowngrades = versions
-			logrus.Warnf("failed to determine version of deployed %s", app.Name)
+			logrus.Warnf("failed to determine deployed version of %s", app.Name)
 		}
 
-		if deployedVersion != "unknown" && !internal.Chaos {
+		if specificVersion != "" {
+			parsedDeployedVersion, err := tagcmp.Parse(deployedVersion)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			parsedSpecificVersion, err := tagcmp.Parse(specificVersion)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if parsedSpecificVersion.IsGreaterThan(parsedDeployedVersion) || parsedSpecificVersion.Equals(parsedDeployedVersion) {
+				logrus.Fatalf("%s is not a downgrade for %s?", deployedVersion, specificVersion)
+			}
+			availableDowngrades = append(availableDowngrades, specificVersion)
+		}
+
+		if deployedVersion != "unknown" && !internal.Chaos && specificVersion == "" {
 			for _, version := range versions {
 				parsedDeployedVersion, err := tagcmp.Parse(deployedVersion)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -114,12 +155,12 @@ recipes.
 				if err != nil {
 					logrus.Fatal(err)
 				}
-				if parsedVersion != parsedDeployedVersion && parsedVersion.IsLessThan(parsedDeployedVersion) {
+				if parsedVersion.IsLessThan(parsedDeployedVersion) && !(parsedVersion.Equals(parsedDeployedVersion)) {
 					availableDowngrades = append(availableDowngrades, version)
 				}
 			}
 
-			if len(availableDowngrades) == 0 {
+			if len(availableDowngrades) == 0 && !internal.Force {
 				logrus.Info("no available downgrades, you're on oldest ✌️")
 				return nil
 			}
@@ -127,9 +168,9 @@ recipes.
 
 		var chosenDowngrade string
 		if len(availableDowngrades) > 0 && !internal.Chaos {
-			if internal.Force || internal.NoInput {
+			if internal.Force || internal.NoInput || specificVersion != "" {
 				chosenDowngrade = availableDowngrades[len(availableDowngrades)-1]
-				logrus.Debugf("choosing %s as version to downgrade to (--force)", chosenDowngrade)
+				logrus.Debugf("choosing %s as version to downgrade to (--force/--no-input)", chosenDowngrade)
 			} else {
 				prompt := &survey.Select{
 					Message: fmt.Sprintf("Please select a downgrade (current version: %s):", deployedVersion),
@@ -165,7 +206,7 @@ recipes.
 			app.Env[k] = v
 		}
 
-		composeFiles, err := config.GetAppComposeFiles(app.Recipe, app.Env)
+		composeFiles, err := config.GetComposeFiles(app.Recipe, app.Env)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -185,7 +226,8 @@ recipes.
 		config.SetChaosVersionLabel(compose, stackName, chosenDowngrade)
 		config.SetUpdateLabel(compose, stackName, app.Env)
 
-		if err := NewVersionOverview(app, deployedVersion, chosenDowngrade, ""); err != nil {
+		// NOTE(d1): no release notes implemeneted for rolling back
+		if err := internal.NewVersionOverview(app, deployedVersion, chosenDowngrade, ""); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 

cli/app/run.go

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	containerPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/container"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/container"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
@@ -38,15 +37,13 @@ var appRunCommand = cli.Command{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		noTTYFlag,
 		userFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	ArgsUsage:    "<domain> <service> <args>...",
 	Usage:        "Run a command in a service container",
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 
 		if len(c.Args()) < 2 {
 			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no <service> provided?"))
@@ -94,7 +91,7 @@ var appRunCommand = cli.Command{
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		if err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &execCreateOpts); err != nil {
+		if _, err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &execCreateOpts); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 

cli/app/secret.go

@@ -6,13 +6,14 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"strconv"
+	"strings"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/secret"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
@@ -20,19 +21,23 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
 
-var allSecrets bool
+var (
-var allSecretsFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	allSecrets     bool
+	allSecretsFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 		Name:        "all, a",
 		Destination: &allSecrets,
 		Usage:       "Generate all secrets",
 	}
+)
 
-var rmAllSecrets bool
+var (
-var rmAllSecretsFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	rmAllSecrets     bool
+	rmAllSecretsFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 		Name:        "all, a",
 		Destination: &rmAllSecrets,
 		Usage:       "Remove all secrets",
 	}
+)
 
 var appSecretGenerateCommand = cli.Command{
 	Name:      "generate",
@@ -43,19 +48,35 @@ var appSecretGenerateCommand = cli.Command{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		allSecretsFlag,
 		internal.PassFlag,
+		internal.MachineReadableFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		internal.ChaosFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 
-		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
-		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
 		if len(c.Args()) == 1 && !allSecrets {
 			err := errors.New("missing arguments <secret>/<version> or '--all'")
 			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, err)
@@ -66,28 +87,35 @@ var appSecretGenerateCommand = cli.Command{
 			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, err)
 		}
 
-		secretsToCreate := make(map[string]string)
+		composeFiles, err := config.GetComposeFiles(app.Recipe, app.Env)
-		secretEnvVars := secret.ReadSecretEnvVars(app.Env)
+		if err != nil {
-		if allSecrets {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
-			secretsToCreate = secretEnvVars
+		}
-		} else {
+
+		secrets, err := secret.ReadSecretsConfig(app.Path, composeFiles, app.StackName())
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !allSecrets {
 			secretName := c.Args().Get(1)
 			secretVersion := c.Args().Get(2)
-			matches := false
+			s, ok := secrets[secretName]
-			for sec := range secretEnvVars {
+			if !ok {
-				parsed := secret.ParseSecretEnvVarName(sec)
-				if secretName == parsed {
-					secretsToCreate[sec] = secretVersion
-					matches = true
-				}
-			}
-
-			if !matches {
 				logrus.Fatalf("%s doesn't exist in the env config?", secretName)
 			}
+			s.Version = secretVersion
+			secrets = map[string]secret.Secret{
+				secretName: s,
+			}
 		}
 
-		secretVals, err := secret.GenerateSecrets(cl, secretsToCreate, app.StackName(), app.Server)
+		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		secretVals, err := secret.GenerateSecrets(cl, secrets, app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -110,8 +138,13 @@ var appSecretGenerateCommand = cli.Command{
 		for name, val := range secretVals {
 			table.Append([]string{name, val})
 		}
+
+		if internal.MachineReadable {
+			table.JSONRender()
+		} else {
 			table.Render()
-		logrus.Warn("generated secrets are not shown again, please take note of them *now*")
+		}
+		logrus.Warn("generated secrets are not shown again, please take note of them NOW")
 
 		return nil
 	},
@@ -124,7 +157,8 @@ var appSecretInsertCommand = cli.Command{
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.PassFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		internal.FileFlag,
+		internal.TrimFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	ArgsUsage:    "<domain> <secret-name> <version> <data>",
@@ -142,22 +176,33 @@ Example:
 
 `,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
+
+		if len(c.Args()) != 4 {
+			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("missing arguments?"))
+		}
 
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		if len(c.Args()) != 4 {
-			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("missing arguments?"))
-		}
-
 		name := c.Args().Get(1)
 		version := c.Args().Get(2)
 		data := c.Args().Get(3)
 
+		if internal.File {
+			raw, err := os.ReadFile(data)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatalf("reading secret from file: %s", err)
+			}
+			data = string(raw)
+		}
+
+		if internal.Trim {
+			data = strings.TrimSpace(data)
+		}
+
 		secretName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s_%s", app.StackName(), name, version)
 		if err := client.StoreSecret(cl, secretName, data, app.Server); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
@@ -204,6 +249,7 @@ var appSecretRmCommand = cli.Command{
 		rmAllSecretsFlag,
 		internal.PassRemoveFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		internal.ChaosFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	ArgsUsage:    "<domain> [<secret-name>]",
@@ -216,9 +262,37 @@ Example:
     abra app secret remove myapp db_pass
 `,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
+
-		secrets := secret.ReadSecretEnvVars(app.Env)
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		composeFiles, err := config.GetComposeFiles(app.Recipe, app.Env)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		secrets, err := secret.ReadSecretsConfig(app.Path, composeFiles, app.StackName())
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
 
 		if c.Args().Get(1) != "" && rmAllSecrets {
 			internal.ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("cannot use '<secret-name>' and '--all' together"))
@@ -250,15 +324,8 @@ Example:
 
 		match := false
 		secretToRm := c.Args().Get(1)
-		for sec := range secrets {
+		for secretName, val := range secrets {
-			secretName := secret.ParseSecretEnvVarName(sec)
+			secretRemoteName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s_%s", app.StackName(), secretName, val.Version)
-
-			secVal, err := secret.ParseSecretEnvVarValue(secrets[sec])
-			if err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-
-			secretRemoteName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s_%s", app.StackName(), secretName, secVal.Version)
 			if _, ok := remoteSecretNames[secretRemoteName]; ok {
 				if secretToRm != "" {
 					if secretName == secretToRm {
@@ -296,61 +363,70 @@ var appSecretLsCommand = cli.Command{
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		internal.ChaosFlag,
+		internal.MachineReadableFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	Usage:        "List all secrets",
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
-		secrets := secret.ReadSecretEnvVars(app.Env)
 
-		tableCol := []string{"Name", "Version", "Generated Name", "Created On Server"}
+		if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe); err != nil {
-		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
 
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		filters, err := app.Filters(false, false)
+		tableCol := []string{"Name", "Version", "Generated Name", "Created On Server"}
+		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
+
+		secStats, err := secret.PollSecretsStatus(cl, app)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		secretList, err := cl.SecretList(context.Background(), types.SecretListOptions{Filters: filters})
+		for _, secStat := range secStats {
-		if err != nil {
+			tableRow := []string{
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+				secStat.LocalName,
+				secStat.Version,
+				secStat.RemoteName,
+				strconv.FormatBool(secStat.CreatedOnRemote),
 			}
-
-		remoteSecretNames := make(map[string]bool)
-		for _, cont := range secretList {
-			remoteSecretNames[cont.Spec.Annotations.Name] = true
-		}
-
-		for sec := range secrets {
-			createdRemote := false
-			secretName := secret.ParseSecretEnvVarName(sec)
-			secVal, err := secret.ParseSecretEnvVarValue(secrets[sec])
-			if err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-			secretRemoteName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s_%s", app.StackName(), secretName, secVal.Version)
-			if _, ok := remoteSecretNames[secretRemoteName]; ok {
-				createdRemote = true
-			}
-			tableRow := []string{secretName, secVal.Version, secretRemoteName, strconv.FormatBool(createdRemote)}
 			table.Append(tableRow)
 		}
 
 		if table.NumLines() > 0 {
+			if internal.MachineReadable {
+				table.JSONRender()
+			} else {
 				table.Render()
+			}
 		} else {
 			logrus.Warnf("no secrets stored for %s", app.Name)
 		}
 
 		return nil
 	},
-	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 }
 
 var appSecretCommand = cli.Command{

cli/app/services.go

@@ -9,10 +9,9 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/service"
 	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
+	containerTypes "github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
@@ -24,13 +23,11 @@ var appServicesCommand = cli.Command{
 	ArgsUsage: "<domain>",
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -51,7 +48,7 @@ var appServicesCommand = cli.Command{
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		containers, err := cl.ContainerList(context.Background(), types.ContainerListOptions{Filters: filters})
+		containers, err := cl.ContainerList(context.Background(), containerTypes.ListOptions{Filters: filters})
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}

cli/app/undeploy.go

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
 	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
@@ -87,7 +86,6 @@ var appUndeployCommand = cli.Command{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.NoInputFlag,
 		pruneFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	Usage:        "Undeploy an app",
@@ -101,8 +99,7 @@ any previously attached volumes as eligible for pruning once undeployed.
 Passing "-p/--prune" does not remove those volumes.
 `,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 		stackName := app.StackName()
 
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
@@ -121,7 +118,7 @@ Passing "-p/--prune" does not remove those volumes.
 			logrus.Fatalf("%s is not deployed?", app.Name)
 		}
 
-		if err := DeployOverview(app, deployedVersion, "continue with undeploy?"); err != nil {
+		if err := internal.DeployOverview(app, deployedVersion, "continue with undeploy?"); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 

cli/app/upgrade.go

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/lint"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
+	recipePkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
 	stack "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
 	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ var appUpgradeCommand = cli.Command{
 	Name:      "upgrade",
 	Aliases:   []string{"up"},
 	Usage:     "Upgrade an app",
-	ArgsUsage: "<domain>",
+	ArgsUsage: "<domain> [<version>]",
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.NoInputFlag,
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ var appUpgradeCommand = cli.Command{
 		internal.NoDomainChecksFlag,
 		internal.DontWaitConvergeFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		internal.ReleaseNotesFlag,
 	},
 	Before: internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	Description: `
@@ -47,37 +48,52 @@ useful if the container runtime has gotten into a weird state.
 This action could be destructive, please ensure you have a copy of your app
 data beforehand.
 
-Chas mode ("--chaos") will deploy your local checkout of a recipe as-is,
+Chaos mode ("--chaos") will deploy your local checkout of a recipe as-is,
 including unstaged changes and can be useful for live hacking and testing new
 recipes.
 `,
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 		stackName := app.StackName()
 
+		specificVersion := c.Args().Get(1)
+		if specificVersion != "" && internal.Chaos {
+			logrus.Fatal("cannot use <version> and --chaos together")
+		}
+
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipe.EnsureIsClean(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(app.Recipe); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		recipe, err := recipePkg.Get(app.Recipe, internal.Offline)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if err := lint.LintForErrors(recipe); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		logrus.Debugf("checking whether %s is already deployed", stackName)
+
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		if !internal.Chaos {
-			if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(app.Recipe, conf); err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-		}
-
-		r, err := recipe.Get(app.Recipe, conf)
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if err := lint.LintForErrors(r); err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		logrus.Debugf("checking whether %s is already deployed", stackName)
-
 		isDeployed, deployedVersion, err := stack.IsDeployed(context.Background(), cl, stackName)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
@@ -87,37 +103,62 @@ recipes.
 			logrus.Fatalf("%s is not deployed?", app.Name)
 		}
 
-		catl, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(conf)
+		catl, err := recipePkg.ReadRecipeCatalogue(internal.Offline)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		versions, err := recipe.GetRecipeCatalogueVersions(app.Recipe, catl)
+		versions, err := recipePkg.GetRecipeCatalogueVersions(app.Recipe, catl)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
 		if len(versions) == 0 && !internal.Chaos {
-			logrus.Fatalf("no published releases for %s in the recipe catalogue?", app.Recipe)
+			logrus.Warn("no published versions in catalogue, trying local recipe repository")
+			recipeVersions, err := recipePkg.GetRecipeVersions(app.Recipe, internal.Offline)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Warn(err)
+			}
+			for _, recipeVersion := range recipeVersions {
+				for version := range recipeVersion {
+					versions = append(versions, version)
+				}
+			}
 		}
 
 		var availableUpgrades []string
 		if deployedVersion == "unknown" {
 			availableUpgrades = versions
-			logrus.Warnf("failed to determine version of deployed %s", app.Name)
+			logrus.Warnf("failed to determine deployed version of %s", app.Name)
 		}
 
-		if deployedVersion != "unknown" && !internal.Chaos {
+		if specificVersion != "" {
-			for _, version := range versions {
 			parsedDeployedVersion, err := tagcmp.Parse(deployedVersion)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
+			parsedSpecificVersion, err := tagcmp.Parse(specificVersion)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if parsedSpecificVersion.IsLessThan(parsedDeployedVersion) || parsedSpecificVersion.Equals(parsedDeployedVersion) {
+				logrus.Fatalf("%s is not an upgrade for %s?", deployedVersion, specificVersion)
+			}
+			availableUpgrades = append(availableUpgrades, specificVersion)
+		}
+
+		parsedDeployedVersion, err := tagcmp.Parse(deployedVersion)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if deployedVersion != "unknown" && !internal.Chaos && specificVersion == "" {
+			for _, version := range versions {
 				parsedVersion, err := tagcmp.Parse(version)
 				if err != nil {
 					logrus.Fatal(err)
 				}
-				if parsedVersion.IsGreaterThan(parsedDeployedVersion) {
+				if parsedVersion.IsGreaterThan(parsedDeployedVersion) && !(parsedVersion.Equals(parsedDeployedVersion)) {
 					availableUpgrades = append(availableUpgrades, version)
 				}
 			}
@@ -130,7 +171,7 @@ recipes.
 
 		var chosenUpgrade string
 		if len(availableUpgrades) > 0 && !internal.Chaos {
-			if internal.Force || internal.NoInput {
+			if internal.Force || internal.NoInput || specificVersion != "" {
 				chosenUpgrade = availableUpgrades[len(availableUpgrades)-1]
 				logrus.Debugf("choosing %s as version to upgrade to", chosenUpgrade)
 			} else {
@@ -152,13 +193,31 @@ recipes.
 		// if release notes written after git tag published, read them before we
 		// check out the tag and then they'll appear to be missing. this covers
 		// when we obviously will forget to write release notes before publishing
-		releaseNotes, err := GetReleaseNotes(app.Recipe, chosenUpgrade)
+		var releaseNotes string
+		if chosenUpgrade != "" {
+			parsedChosenUpgrade, err := tagcmp.Parse(chosenUpgrade)
+			if err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			for _, version := range versions {
+				parsedVersion, err := tagcmp.Parse(version)
+				if err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				if parsedVersion.IsGreaterThan(parsedDeployedVersion) && parsedVersion.IsLessThan(parsedChosenUpgrade) {
+					note, err := internal.GetReleaseNotes(app.Recipe, version)
 					if err != nil {
 						return err
 					}
+					if note != "" {
+						releaseNotes += fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", note)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
 
 		if !internal.Chaos {
-			if err := recipe.EnsureVersion(app.Recipe, chosenUpgrade); err != nil {
+			if err := recipePkg.EnsureVersion(app.Recipe, chosenUpgrade); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		}
@@ -166,7 +225,7 @@ recipes.
 		if internal.Chaos {
 			logrus.Warn("chaos mode engaged")
 			var err error
-			chosenUpgrade, err = recipe.ChaosVersion(app.Recipe)
+			chosenUpgrade, err = recipePkg.ChaosVersion(app.Recipe)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -181,7 +240,7 @@ recipes.
 			app.Env[k] = v
 		}
 
-		composeFiles, err := config.GetAppComposeFiles(app.Recipe, app.Env)
+		composeFiles, err := config.GetComposeFiles(app.Recipe, app.Env)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -201,7 +260,24 @@ recipes.
 		config.SetChaosVersionLabel(compose, stackName, chosenUpgrade)
 		config.SetUpdateLabel(compose, stackName, app.Env)
 
-		if err := NewVersionOverview(app, deployedVersion, chosenUpgrade, releaseNotes); err != nil {
+		envVars, err := config.CheckEnv(app)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		for _, envVar := range envVars {
+			if !envVar.Present {
+				logrus.Warnf("env var %s missing from %s.env, present in recipe .env.sample", envVar.Name, app.Domain)
+			}
+		}
+
+		if internal.ReleaseNotes {
+			fmt.Println()
+			fmt.Print(releaseNotes)
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		if err := internal.NewVersionOverview(app, deployedVersion, chosenUpgrade, releaseNotes); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
@@ -218,12 +294,11 @@ recipes.
 		postDeployCmds, ok := app.Env["POST_UPGRADE_CMDS"]
 		if ok && !internal.DontWaitConverge {
 			logrus.Debugf("run the following post-deploy commands: %s", postDeployCmds)
-			if err := PostCmds(cl, app, postDeployCmds); err != nil {
+			if err := internal.PostCmds(cl, app, postDeployCmds); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatalf("attempting to run post deploy commands, saw: %s", err)
 			}
 		}
 
 		return nil
 	},
-	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 }

cli/app/version.go

@@ -2,19 +2,30 @@ package app
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"sort"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
-	"github.com/docker/distribution/reference"
+	"github.com/distribution/reference"
+	"github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
 
+func sortServiceByName(versions [][]string) func(i, j int) bool {
+	return func(i, j int) bool {
+		// NOTE(d1): corresponds to the `tableCol` definition below
+		if versions[i][1] == "app" {
+			return true
+		}
+		return versions[i][1] < versions[j][1]
+	}
+}
+
 // getImagePath returns the image name
 func getImagePath(image string) (string, error) {
 	img, err := reference.ParseNormalizedNamed(image)
@@ -41,15 +52,10 @@ var appVersionCommand = cli.Command{
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
-	Usage:  "Show app versions",
+	Usage:        "Show version info of a deployed app",
-	Description: `
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
-Show all information about versioning related to a deployed app. This includes
-the individual image names, tags and digests. But also the Co-op Cloud recipe
-version.
-`,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 		stackName := app.StackName()
 
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
@@ -64,15 +70,15 @@ version.
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		if deployedVersion == "unknown" {
-			logrus.Fatalf("failed to determine version of deployed %s", app.Name)
-		}
-
 		if !isDeployed {
 			logrus.Fatalf("%s is not deployed?", app.Name)
 		}
 
-		recipeMeta, err := recipe.GetRecipeMeta(app.Recipe, conf)
+		if deployedVersion == "unknown" {
+			logrus.Fatalf("failed to determine version of deployed %s", app.Name)
+		}
+
+		recipeMeta, err := recipe.GetRecipeMeta(app.Recipe, internal.Offline)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -88,17 +94,24 @@ version.
 			logrus.Fatalf("could not retrieve deployed version (%s) from recipe catalogue?", deployedVersion)
 		}
 
-		tableCol := []string{"version", "service", "image"}
+		tableCol := []string{"version", "service", "image", "tag"}
 		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
-		table.SetAutoMergeCellsByColumnIndex([]int{0})
 
+		var versions [][]string
 		for serviceName, versionMeta := range versionsMeta {
-			table.Append([]string{deployedVersion, serviceName, versionMeta.Image})
+			versions = append(versions, []string{deployedVersion, serviceName, versionMeta.Image, versionMeta.Tag})
 		}
 
+		sort.Slice(versions, sortServiceByName(versions))
+
+		for _, version := range versions {
+			table.Append(version)
+		}
+
+		table.SetAutoMergeCellsByColumnIndex([]int{0})
+		table.SetAlignment(tablewriter.ALIGN_LEFT)
 		table.Render()
 
 		return nil
 	},
-	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 }

cli/app/volume.go

@@ -2,12 +2,13 @@ package app
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"log"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
@@ -20,14 +21,12 @@ var appVolumeListCommand = cli.Command{
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.NoInputFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	Usage:        "List volumes associated with an app",
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -83,18 +82,26 @@ Passing "--force/-f" will select all volumes for removal. Be careful.
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.NoInputFlag,
 		internal.ForceFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		app := internal.ValidateApp(c)
-		app := internal.ValidateApp(c, conf)
 
 		cl, err := client.New(app.Server)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
+		isDeployed, _, err := stack.IsDeployed(context.Background(), cl, app.StackName())
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if isDeployed {
+			logrus.Fatalf("%s is still deployed. Run \"abra app undeploy %s\"", app.Name, app.Name)
+		}
+
 		filters, err := app.Filters(false, true)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
@@ -124,16 +131,19 @@ Passing "--force/-f" will select all volumes for removal. Be careful.
 			volumesToRemove = volumeNames
 		}
 
-		err = client.RemoveVolumes(cl, context.Background(), app.Server, volumesToRemove, internal.Force)
+		if len(volumesToRemove) > 0 {
+			err := client.RemoveVolumes(cl, context.Background(), volumesToRemove, internal.Force, 5)
 			if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+				log.Fatalf("removing volumes failed: %s", err)
 			}
 
-		logrus.Info("volumes removed successfully")
+			logrus.Infof("%d volumes removed successfully", len(volumesToRemove))
+		} else {
+			logrus.Info("no volumes removed")
+		}
 
 		return nil
 	},
-	BashComplete: autocomplete.AppNameComplete,
 }
 
 var appVolumeCommand = cli.Command{

cli/catalogue/catalogue.go

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
 	gitPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/git"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
@@ -29,6 +28,7 @@ var catalogueGenerateCommand = cli.Command{
 		internal.PublishFlag,
 		internal.DryFlag,
 		internal.SkipUpdatesFlag,
+		internal.ChaosFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before: internal.SubCommandBefore,
@@ -54,19 +54,21 @@ that you have permission to git push to these repositories and have your SSH
 keys configured on your account.
 `,
 	ArgsUsage:    "[<recipe>]",
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
 		recipeName := c.Args().First()
 
 		if recipeName != "" {
-			internal.ValidateRecipe(c, conf)
+			internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
 		}
 
-		if err := catalogue.EnsureUpToDate(conf); err != nil {
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := catalogue.EnsureIsClean(); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
+		}
 
-		repos, err := recipe.ReadReposMetadata(conf)
+		repos, err := recipe.ReadReposMetadata()
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -83,7 +85,7 @@ keys configured on your account.
 
 		if !internal.SkipUpdates {
 			logrus.Warn(logMsg)
-			if err := recipe.UpdateRepositories(repos, recipeName, conf); err != nil {
+			if err := recipe.UpdateRepositories(repos, recipeName); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		}
@@ -96,12 +98,7 @@ keys configured on your account.
 				continue
 			}
 
-			if _, exists := catalogue.CatalogueSkipList[recipeMeta.Name]; exists {
+			versions, err := recipe.GetRecipeVersions(recipeMeta.Name, internal.Offline)
-				catlBar.Add(1)
-				continue
-			}
-
-			versions, err := recipe.GetRecipeVersions(recipeMeta.Name, conf)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Warn(err)
 			}
@@ -137,7 +134,7 @@ keys configured on your account.
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		} else {
-			catlFS, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(conf)
+			catlFS, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(internal.Offline)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -171,7 +168,7 @@ keys configured on your account.
 			}
 
 			msg := "chore: publish new catalogue release changes"
-			if err := gitPkg.Commit(cataloguePath, "**.json", msg, internal.Dry); err != nil {
+			if err := gitPkg.Commit(cataloguePath, msg, internal.Dry); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 
@@ -211,7 +208,6 @@ keys configured on your account.
 
 		return nil
 	},
-	BashComplete: autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete,
 }
 
 // CatalogueCommand defines the `abra catalogue` command and sub-commands.

cli/cli.go

@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/catalogue"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/record"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/server"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
+	cataloguePkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/catalogue"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/web"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
@@ -158,7 +158,6 @@ func newAbraApp(version, commit string) *cli.App {
 			server.ServerCommand,
 			recipe.RecipeCommand,
 			catalogue.CatalogueCommand,
-			record.RecordCommand,
 			UpgradeCommand,
 			AutoCompleteCommand,
 		},
@@ -170,10 +169,10 @@ func newAbraApp(version, commit string) *cli.App {
 	app.Before = func(c *cli.Context) error {
 		paths := []string{
 			config.ABRA_DIR,
-			path.Join(config.SERVERS_DIR),
+			config.SERVERS_DIR,
-			path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR),
+			config.RECIPES_DIR,
-			path.Join(config.VENDOR_DIR),
+			config.VENDOR_DIR,
-			path.Join(config.BACKUP_DIR),
+			config.BACKUP_DIR,
 		}
 
 		for _, path := range paths {
@@ -185,6 +184,10 @@ func newAbraApp(version, commit string) *cli.App {
 			}
 		}
 
+		if err := cataloguePkg.EnsureCatalogue(); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
 		logrus.Debugf("abra version %s, commit %s", version, commit)
 
 		return nil

cli/internal/backup.go

@@ -1,35 +1,67 @@
 package internal
 
 import (
-	"strings"
+	"context"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	containerPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/container"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/service"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/container"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
+	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
-// SafeSplit splits up a string into a list of commands safely.
+// RetrieveBackupBotContainer gets the deployed backupbot container.
-func SafeSplit(s string) []string {
+func RetrieveBackupBotContainer(cl *dockerClient.Client) (types.Container, error) {
-	split := strings.Split(s, " ")
+	ctx := context.Background()
-
+	chosenService, err := service.GetServiceByLabel(ctx, cl, config.BackupbotLabel, NoInput)
-	var result []string
+	if err != nil {
-	var inquote string
+		return types.Container{}, err
-	var block string
-	for _, i := range split {
-		if inquote == "" {
-			if strings.HasPrefix(i, "'") || strings.HasPrefix(i, "\"") {
-				inquote = string(i[0])
-				block = strings.TrimPrefix(i, inquote) + " "
-			} else {
-				result = append(result, i)
-			}
-		} else {
-			if !strings.HasSuffix(i, inquote) {
-				block += i + " "
-			} else {
-				block += strings.TrimSuffix(i, inquote)
-				inquote = ""
-				result = append(result, block)
-				block = ""
-			}
-		}
 	}
 
-	return result
+	logrus.Debugf("retrieved %s as backup enabled service", chosenService.Spec.Name)
+
+	filters := filters.NewArgs()
+	filters.Add("name", chosenService.Spec.Name)
+	targetContainer, err := containerPkg.GetContainer(
+		ctx,
+		cl,
+		filters,
+		NoInput,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return types.Container{}, err
+	}
+
+	return targetContainer, nil
+}
+
+// RunBackupCmdRemote runs a backup related command on a remote backupbot container.
+func RunBackupCmdRemote(cl *dockerClient.Client, backupCmd string, containerID string, execEnv []string) error {
+	execBackupListOpts := types.ExecConfig{
+		AttachStderr: true,
+		AttachStdin:  true,
+		AttachStdout: true,
+		Cmd:          []string{"/usr/bin/backup", "--", backupCmd},
+		Detach:       false,
+		Env:          execEnv,
+		Tty:          true,
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("running backup %s on %s with exec config %v", backupCmd, containerID, execBackupListOpts)
+
+	// FIXME: avoid instantiating a new CLI
+	dcli, err := command.NewDockerCli()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if _, err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, containerID, &execBackupListOpts); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
 }

cli/internal/cli.go

@@ -38,6 +38,20 @@ var PassRemoveFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 	Destination: &PassRemove,
 }
 
+var File bool
+var FileFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "file, f",
+	Usage:       "Treat input as a file",
+	Destination: &File,
+}
+
+var Trim bool
+var TrimFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "trim, t",
+	Usage:       "Trim input",
+	Destination: &Trim,
+}
+
 // Force force functionality without asking.
 var Force bool
 
@@ -54,7 +68,7 @@ var Chaos bool
 // ChaosFlag turns on/off chaos functionality.
 var ChaosFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 	Name:        "chaos, C",
-	Usage:       "Deploy uncommitted recipes changes. Use with care!",
+	Usage:       "Proceed with uncommitted recipes changes. Use with care!",
 	Destination: &Chaos,
 }
 
@@ -68,17 +82,6 @@ var TtyFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 	Destination: &Tty,
 }
 
-// DNSProvider specifies a DNS provider.
-var DNSProvider string
-
-// DNSProviderFlag selects a DNS provider.
-var DNSProviderFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "provider, p",
-	Value:       "",
-	Usage:       "DNS provider",
-	Destination: &DNSProvider,
-}
-
 var NoInput bool
 var NoInputFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 	Name:        "no-input, n",
@@ -86,163 +89,6 @@ var NoInputFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 	Destination: &NoInput,
 }
 
-var DNSType string
-
-var DNSTypeFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "record-type, rt",
-	Value:       "",
-	Usage:       "Domain name record type (e.g. A)",
-	Destination: &DNSType,
-}
-
-var DNSName string
-
-var DNSNameFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "record-name, rn",
-	Value:       "",
-	Usage:       "Domain name record name (e.g. mysubdomain)",
-	Destination: &DNSName,
-}
-
-var DNSValue string
-
-var DNSValueFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "record-value, rv",
-	Value:       "",
-	Usage:       "Domain name record value (e.g. 192.168.1.1)",
-	Destination: &DNSValue,
-}
-
-var DNSTTL string
-var DNSTTLFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "record-ttl, rl",
-	Value:       "600s",
-	Usage:       "Domain name TTL value (seconds)",
-	Destination: &DNSTTL,
-}
-
-var DNSPriority int
-
-var DNSPriorityFlag = &cli.IntFlag{
-	Name:        "record-priority, rp",
-	Value:       10,
-	Usage:       "Domain name priority value",
-	Destination: &DNSPriority,
-}
-
-var ServerProvider string
-
-var ServerProviderFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "provider, p",
-	Usage:       "3rd party server provider",
-	Destination: &ServerProvider,
-}
-
-var CapsulInstanceURL string
-
-var CapsulInstanceURLFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "capsul-url, cu",
-	Value:       "yolo.servers.coop",
-	Usage:       "capsul instance URL",
-	Destination: &CapsulInstanceURL,
-}
-
-var CapsulName string
-
-var CapsulNameFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "capsul-name, cn",
-	Value:       "",
-	Usage:       "capsul name",
-	Destination: &CapsulName,
-}
-
-var CapsulType string
-
-var CapsulTypeFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "capsul-type, ct",
-	Value:       "f1-xs",
-	Usage:       "capsul type",
-	Destination: &CapsulType,
-}
-
-var CapsulImage string
-
-var CapsulImageFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "capsul-image, ci",
-	Value:       "debian10",
-	Usage:       "capsul image",
-	Destination: &CapsulImage,
-}
-
-var CapsulSSHKeys cli.StringSlice
-var CapsulSSHKeysFlag = &cli.StringSliceFlag{
-	Name:  "capsul-ssh-keys, cs",
-	Usage: "capsul SSH key",
-	Value: &CapsulSSHKeys,
-}
-
-var CapsulAPIToken string
-
-var CapsulAPITokenFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "capsul-token, ca",
-	Usage:       "capsul API token",
-	EnvVar:      "CAPSUL_TOKEN",
-	Destination: &CapsulAPIToken,
-}
-
-var HetznerCloudName string
-
-var HetznerCloudNameFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "hetzner-name, hn",
-	Value:       "",
-	Usage:       "hetzner cloud name",
-	Destination: &HetznerCloudName,
-}
-
-var HetznerCloudType string
-
-var HetznerCloudTypeFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "hetzner-type, ht",
-	Usage:       "hetzner cloud type",
-	Destination: &HetznerCloudType,
-	Value:       "cx11",
-}
-
-var HetznerCloudImage string
-
-var HetznerCloudImageFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "hetzner-image, hi",
-	Usage:       "hetzner cloud image",
-	Value:       "debian-10",
-	Destination: &HetznerCloudImage,
-}
-
-var HetznerCloudSSHKeys cli.StringSlice
-
-var HetznerCloudSSHKeysFlag = &cli.StringSliceFlag{
-	Name:  "hetzner-ssh-keys, hs",
-	Usage: "hetzner cloud SSH keys (e.g. me@foo.com)",
-	Value: &HetznerCloudSSHKeys,
-}
-
-var HetznerCloudLocation string
-
-var HetznerCloudLocationFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "hetzner-location, hl",
-	Usage:       "hetzner cloud server location",
-	Value:       "hel1",
-	Destination: &HetznerCloudLocation,
-}
-
-var HetznerCloudAPIToken string
-
-var HetznerCloudAPITokenFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-	Name:        "hetzner-token, ha",
-	Usage:       "hetzner cloud API token",
-	EnvVar:      "HCLOUD_TOKEN",
-	Destination: &HetznerCloudAPIToken,
-}
-
 // Debug stores the variable from DebugFlag.
 var Debug bool
 
@@ -263,6 +109,16 @@ var OfflineFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 	Usage:       "Prefer offline & filesystem access when possible",
 }
 
+// ReleaseNotes stores the variable from ReleaseNotesFlag.
+var ReleaseNotes bool
+
+// ReleaseNotesFlag turns on/off printing only release notes when upgrading.
+var ReleaseNotesFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+	Name:        "releasenotes, r",
+	Destination: &ReleaseNotes,
+	Usage:       "Only show release notes",
+}
+
 // MachineReadable stores the variable from MachineReadableFlag
 var MachineReadable bool
 

cli/internal/command.go

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ func RunCmdRemote(cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, abraSh, serviceName,
 		Tty:          false,
 	}
 
-	if err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &execCreateOpts); err != nil {
+	if _, err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &execCreateOpts); err != nil {
 		logrus.Infof("%s does not exist for %s, use /bin/sh as fallback", shell, app.Name)
 		shell = "/bin/sh"
 	}
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ func RunCmdRemote(cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, abraSh, serviceName,
 		execCreateOpts.Tty = false
 	}
 
-	if err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &execCreateOpts); err != nil {
+	if _, err := container.RunExec(dcli, cl, targetContainer.ID, &execCreateOpts); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 

cli/internal/deploy.go

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+	"strings"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
+	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
+	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// NewVersionOverview shows an upgrade or downgrade overview
+func NewVersionOverview(app config.App, currentVersion, newVersion, releaseNotes string) error {
+	tableCol := []string{"server", "recipe", "config", "domain", "current version", "to be deployed"}
+	table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
+
+	deployConfig := "compose.yml"
+	if composeFiles, ok := app.Env["COMPOSE_FILE"]; ok {
+		deployConfig = strings.Join(strings.Split(composeFiles, ":"), "\n")
+	}
+
+	server := app.Server
+	if app.Server == "default" {
+		server = "local"
+	}
+
+	table.Append([]string{server, app.Recipe, deployConfig, app.Domain, currentVersion, newVersion})
+	table.Render()
+
+	if releaseNotes != "" && newVersion != "" {
+		fmt.Println()
+		fmt.Print(releaseNotes)
+	} else {
+		logrus.Warnf("no release notes available for %s", newVersion)
+	}
+
+	if NoInput {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	response := false
+	prompt := &survey.Confirm{
+		Message: "continue with deployment?",
+	}
+
+	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if !response {
+		logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GetReleaseNotes prints release notes for a recipe version
+func GetReleaseNotes(recipeName, version string) (string, error) {
+	if version == "" {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+
+	fpath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipeName, "release", version)
+
+	if _, err := os.Stat(fpath); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		releaseNotes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(fpath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		withTitle := fmt.Sprintf("%s release notes:\n%s", version, string(releaseNotes))
+		return withTitle, nil
+	}
+
+	return "", nil
+}
+
+// PostCmds parses a string of commands and executes them inside of the respective services
+// the commands string must have the following format:
+// "<service> <command> <arguments>|<service> <command> <arguments>|... "
+func PostCmds(cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App, commands string) error {
+	abraSh := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, app.Recipe, "abra.sh")
+	if _, err := os.Stat(abraSh); err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return fmt.Errorf(fmt.Sprintf("%s does not exist for %s?", abraSh, app.Name))
+		}
+		return err
+	}
+
+	for _, command := range strings.Split(commands, "|") {
+		commandParts := strings.Split(command, " ")
+		if len(commandParts) < 2 {
+			return fmt.Errorf(fmt.Sprintf("not enough arguments: %s", command))
+		}
+		targetServiceName := commandParts[0]
+		cmdName := commandParts[1]
+		parsedCmdArgs := ""
+		if len(commandParts) > 2 {
+			parsedCmdArgs = fmt.Sprintf("%s ", strings.Join(commandParts[2:], " "))
+		}
+		logrus.Infof("running post-command '%s %s' in container %s", cmdName, parsedCmdArgs, targetServiceName)
+
+		if err := EnsureCommand(abraSh, app.Recipe, cmdName); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		serviceNames, err := config.GetAppServiceNames(app.Name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		matchingServiceName := false
+		for _, serviceName := range serviceNames {
+			if serviceName == targetServiceName {
+				matchingServiceName = true
+			}
+		}
+
+		if !matchingServiceName {
+			return fmt.Errorf(fmt.Sprintf("no service %s for %s?", targetServiceName, app.Name))
+		}
+
+		logrus.Debugf("running command %s %s within the context of %s_%s", cmdName, parsedCmdArgs, app.StackName(), targetServiceName)
+
+		Tty = true
+		if err := RunCmdRemote(cl, app, abraSh, targetServiceName, cmdName, parsedCmdArgs); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// DeployOverview shows a deployment overview
+func DeployOverview(app config.App, version, message string) error {
+	tableCol := []string{"server", "recipe", "config", "domain", "version"}
+	table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
+
+	deployConfig := "compose.yml"
+	if composeFiles, ok := app.Env["COMPOSE_FILE"]; ok {
+		deployConfig = strings.Join(strings.Split(composeFiles, ":"), "\n")
+	}
+
+	server := app.Server
+	if app.Server == "default" {
+		server = "local"
+	}
+
+	table.Append([]string{server, app.Recipe, deployConfig, app.Domain, version})
+	table.Render()
+
+	if NoInput {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	response := false
+	prompt := &survey.Confirm{
+		Message: message,
+	}
+
+	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if !response {
+		logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

cli/internal/recipe.go

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
 	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
-	"github.com/docker/distribution/reference"
+	"github.com/distribution/reference"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 

cli/internal/validate.go

@@ -2,60 +2,24 @@ package internal
 
 import (
 	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"os"
 	"strings"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/app"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
 
 // ValidateRecipe ensures the recipe arg is valid.
-func ValidateRecipe(c *cli.Context, conf *runtime.Config) recipe.Recipe {
+func ValidateRecipe(c *cli.Context) recipe.Recipe {
-	recipeName := c.Args().First()
-
-	if recipeName == "" {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no recipe name provided"))
-	}
-
-	chosenRecipe, err := recipe.Get(recipeName, conf)
-	if err != nil {
-		if c.Command.Name == "generate" {
-			if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "missing a compose") {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-			logrus.Warn(err)
-		} else {
-			if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "template_driver is not allowed") {
-				logrus.Warnf("ensure %s recipe compose.* files include \"version: '3.8'\"", recipeName)
-			}
-			logrus.Fatalf("unable to validate recipe: %s", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(recipeName, conf); err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	logrus.Debugf("validated %s as recipe argument", recipeName)
-
-	return chosenRecipe
-}
-
-// ValidateRecipeWithPrompt ensures a recipe argument is present before
-// validating, asking for input if required.
-func ValidateRecipeWithPrompt(c *cli.Context, conf *runtime.Config) recipe.Recipe {
 	recipeName := c.Args().First()
 
 	if recipeName == "" && !NoInput {
 		var recipes []string
 
-		catl, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(conf)
+		catl, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(Offline)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -93,13 +57,19 @@ func ValidateRecipeWithPrompt(c *cli.Context, conf *runtime.Config) recipe.Recip
 		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no recipe name provided"))
 	}
 
-	chosenRecipe, err := recipe.Get(recipeName, conf)
+	chosenRecipe, err := recipe.Get(recipeName, Offline)
 	if err != nil {
+		if c.Command.Name == "generate" {
+			if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "missing a compose") {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
-
+			logrus.Warn(err)
-	if err := recipe.EnsureLatest(recipeName, conf); err != nil {
+		} else {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
+			if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "template_driver is not allowed") {
+				logrus.Warnf("ensure %s recipe compose.* files include \"version: '3.8'\"", recipeName)
+			}
+			logrus.Fatalf("unable to validate recipe: %s", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	logrus.Debugf("validated %s as recipe argument", recipeName)
@@ -108,7 +78,7 @@ func ValidateRecipeWithPrompt(c *cli.Context, conf *runtime.Config) recipe.Recip
 }
 
 // ValidateApp ensures the app name arg is valid.
-func ValidateApp(c *cli.Context, conf *runtime.Config) config.App {
+func ValidateApp(c *cli.Context) config.App {
 	appName := c.Args().First()
 
 	if appName == "" {
@@ -120,10 +90,6 @@ func ValidateApp(c *cli.Context, conf *runtime.Config) config.App {
 		logrus.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	if err := recipe.EnsureExists(app.Recipe, conf); err != nil {
-		logrus.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
 	logrus.Debugf("validated %s as app argument", appName)
 
 	return app
@@ -192,309 +158,15 @@ func ValidateServer(c *cli.Context) string {
 		}
 	}
 
-	if !matched {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("server doesn't exist?"))
-	}
-
 	if serverName == "" {
 		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no server provided"))
 	}
 
+	if !matched {
+		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("server doesn't exist?"))
+	}
+
 	logrus.Debugf("validated %s as server argument", serverName)
 
 	return serverName
 }
-
-// EnsureDNSProvider ensures a DNS provider is chosen.
-func EnsureDNSProvider() error {
-	if DNSProvider == "" && !NoInput {
-		prompt := &survey.Select{
-			Message: "Select DNS provider",
-			Options: []string{"gandi"},
-		}
-
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &DNSProvider); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if DNSProvider == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("missing DNS provider?")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// EnsureDNSTypeFlag ensures a DNS type flag is present.
-func EnsureDNSTypeFlag(c *cli.Context) error {
-	if DNSType == "" && !NoInput {
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "Specify DNS record type",
-			Default: "A",
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &DNSType); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if DNSType == "" {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no record type provided"))
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// EnsureDNSNameFlag ensures a DNS name flag is present.
-func EnsureDNSNameFlag(c *cli.Context) error {
-	if DNSName == "" && !NoInput {
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "Specify DNS record name",
-			Default: "mysubdomain",
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &DNSName); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if DNSName == "" {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no record name provided"))
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// EnsureDNSValueFlag ensures a DNS value flag is present.
-func EnsureDNSValueFlag(c *cli.Context) error {
-	if DNSValue == "" && !NoInput {
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "Specify DNS record value",
-			Default: "192.168.1.2",
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &DNSValue); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if DNSValue == "" {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no record value provided"))
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// EnsureZoneArgument ensures a zone argument is present.
-func EnsureZoneArgument(c *cli.Context) (string, error) {
-	zone := c.Args().First()
-
-	if zone == "" && !NoInput {
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "Specify a domain name zone",
-			Default: "example.com",
-		}
-
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &zone); err != nil {
-			return zone, err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if zone == "" {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, errors.New("no zone value provided"))
-	}
-
-	return zone, nil
-}
-
-// EnsureServerProvider ensures a 3rd party server provider is chosen.
-func EnsureServerProvider() error {
-	if ServerProvider == "" && !NoInput {
-		prompt := &survey.Select{
-			Message: "Select server provider",
-			Options: []string{"capsul", "hetzner-cloud"},
-		}
-
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &ServerProvider); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if ServerProvider == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("missing server provider?")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// EnsureNewCapsulVPSFlags ensure all flags are present.
-func EnsureNewCapsulVPSFlags(c *cli.Context) error {
-	if CapsulName == "" && !NoInput {
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "specify capsul name",
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &CapsulName); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if !NoInput {
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "specify capsul instance URL",
-			Default: CapsulInstanceURL,
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &CapsulInstanceURL); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if !NoInput {
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "specify capsul type",
-			Default: CapsulType,
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &CapsulType); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if !NoInput {
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "specify capsul image",
-			Default: CapsulImage,
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &CapsulImage); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(CapsulSSHKeys.Value()) == 0 && !NoInput {
-		var sshKeys string
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "specify capsul SSH keys (e.g. me@foo.com)",
-			Default: "",
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &CapsulSSHKeys); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		CapsulSSHKeys = cli.StringSlice(strings.Split(sshKeys, ","))
-	}
-
-	if CapsulAPIToken == "" && !NoInput {
-		token, ok := os.LookupEnv("CAPSUL_TOKEN")
-		if !ok {
-			prompt := &survey.Input{
-				Message: "specify capsul API token",
-			}
-			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &CapsulAPIToken); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-		} else {
-			CapsulAPIToken = token
-		}
-	}
-
-	if CapsulName == "" {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing capsul name?"))
-	}
-	if CapsulInstanceURL == "" {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing capsul instance url?"))
-	}
-	if CapsulType == "" {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing capsul type?"))
-	}
-	if CapsulImage == "" {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing capsul image?"))
-	}
-	if len(CapsulSSHKeys.Value()) == 0 {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing capsul ssh keys?"))
-	}
-	if CapsulAPIToken == "" {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing capsul API token?"))
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// EnsureNewHetznerCloudVPSFlags ensure all flags are present.
-func EnsureNewHetznerCloudVPSFlags(c *cli.Context) error {
-	if HetznerCloudName == "" && !NoInput {
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "specify hetzner cloud VPS name",
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &HetznerCloudName); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if !NoInput {
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "specify hetzner cloud VPS type",
-			Default: HetznerCloudType,
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &HetznerCloudType); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if !NoInput {
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "specify hetzner cloud VPS image",
-			Default: HetznerCloudImage,
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &HetznerCloudImage); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(HetznerCloudSSHKeys.Value()) == 0 && !NoInput {
-		var sshKeys string
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "specify hetzner cloud SSH keys (e.g. me@foo.com)",
-			Default: "",
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &sshKeys); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		HetznerCloudSSHKeys = cli.StringSlice(strings.Split(sshKeys, ","))
-	}
-
-	if !NoInput {
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "specify hetzner cloud VPS location",
-			Default: HetznerCloudLocation,
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &HetznerCloudLocation); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if HetznerCloudAPIToken == "" && !NoInput {
-		token, ok := os.LookupEnv("HCLOUD_TOKEN")
-		if !ok {
-			prompt := &survey.Input{
-				Message: "specify hetzner cloud API token",
-			}
-			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &HetznerCloudAPIToken); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-		} else {
-			HetznerCloudAPIToken = token
-		}
-	}
-
-	if HetznerCloudName == "" {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing hetzner cloud VPS name?"))
-	}
-	if HetznerCloudType == "" {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing hetzner cloud VPS type?"))
-	}
-	if HetznerCloudImage == "" {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing hetzner cloud image?"))
-	}
-	if HetznerCloudLocation == "" {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing hetzner cloud VPS location?"))
-	}
-	if HetznerCloudAPIToken == "" {
-		ShowSubcommandHelpAndError(c, fmt.Errorf("missing hetzner cloud API token?"))
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}

cli/recipe/diff.go

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+package recipe
+
+import (
+	"path"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	gitPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/git"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli"
+)
+
+var recipeDiffCommand = cli.Command{
+	Name:        "diff",
+	Usage:       "Show unstaged changes in recipe config",
+	Description: "Due to limitations in our underlying Git dependency, this command requires /usr/bin/git.",
+	Aliases:     []string{"d"},
+	ArgsUsage:   "<recipe>",
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.DebugFlag,
+		internal.NoInputFlag,
+	},
+	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		recipeName := c.Args().First()
+
+		if recipeName != "" {
+			internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
+		}
+
+		recipeDir := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipeName)
+		if err := gitPkg.DiffUnstaged(recipeDir); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	},
+}

cli/recipe/fetch.go

@@ -3,40 +3,46 @@ package recipe
 import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
 
 var recipeFetchCommand = cli.Command{
 	Name:        "fetch",
-	Usage:       "Fetch recipe local copies",
+	Usage:       "Fetch recipe(s)",
 	Aliases:     []string{"f"},
 	ArgsUsage:   "[<recipe>]",
-	Description: "Fetchs all recipes without arguments.",
+	Description: "Retrieves all recipes if no <recipe> argument is passed",
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
+		internal.NoInputFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
 		recipeName := c.Args().First()
-
 		if recipeName != "" {
-			internal.ValidateRecipe(c, conf)
+			internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
-			return nil // ValidateRecipe ensures latest checkout
+			if err := recipe.Ensure(recipeName); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			return nil
 		}
 
-		repos, err := recipe.ReadReposMetadata(conf)
+		catalogue, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(internal.Offline)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		if err := recipe.UpdateRepositories(repos, recipeName, conf); err != nil {
+		catlBar := formatter.CreateProgressbar(len(catalogue), "fetching latest recipes...")
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		for recipeName := range catalogue {
+			if err := recipe.Ensure(recipeName); err != nil {
+				logrus.Error(err)
+			}
+			catlBar.Add(1)
 		}
 
 		return nil

cli/recipe/lint.go

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/lint"
 	recipePkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
@@ -22,17 +21,34 @@ var recipeLintCommand = cli.Command{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.OnlyErrorFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		internal.NoInputFlag,
+		internal.ChaosFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
-		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipe(c, conf)
 
-		if err := recipePkg.EnsureUpToDate(recipe.Name, conf); err != nil {
+		if err := recipePkg.EnsureExists(recipe.Name); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
+		if !internal.Chaos {
+			if err := recipePkg.EnsureIsClean(recipe.Name); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !internal.Offline {
+				if err := recipePkg.EnsureUpToDate(recipe.Name); err != nil {
+					logrus.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := recipePkg.EnsureLatest(recipe.Name); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
 		tableCol := []string{"ref", "rule", "severity", "satisfied", "skipped", "resolve"}
 		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
 
@@ -52,7 +68,7 @@ var recipeLintCommand = cli.Command{
 
 				skippedOutput := "-"
 				if skipped {
-					skippedOutput = "yes"
+					skippedOutput = "✅"
 				}
 
 				satisfied := false
@@ -71,9 +87,9 @@ var recipeLintCommand = cli.Command{
 					}
 				}
 
-				satisfiedOutput := "yes"
+				satisfiedOutput := "✅"
 				if !satisfied {
-					satisfiedOutput = "NO"
+					satisfiedOutput = "❌"
 					if skipped {
 						satisfiedOutput = "-"
 					}

cli/recipe/list.go

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
@@ -34,9 +33,7 @@ var recipeListCommand = cli.Command{
 	},
 	Before: internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		catl, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(internal.Offline)
-
-		catl, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(conf)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err.Error())
 		}

cli/recipe/recipe.go

@@ -30,5 +30,7 @@ manner. Abra supports convenient automation for recipe maintainenace, see the
 		recipeSyncCommand,
 		recipeUpgradeCommand,
 		recipeVersionCommand,
+		recipeResetCommand,
+		recipeDiffCommand,
 	},
 }

cli/recipe/release.go

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 package recipe
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"os"
 	"path"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
@@ -13,10 +15,9 @@ import (
 	gitPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/git"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
 	recipePkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
 	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
-	"github.com/docker/distribution/reference"
+	"github.com/distribution/reference"
 	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
@@ -60,8 +61,7 @@ your SSH keys configured on your account.
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
-		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipeWithPrompt(c, conf)
 
 		imagesTmp, err := getImageVersions(recipe)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -108,6 +108,18 @@ your SSH keys configured on your account.
 			}
 		}
 
+		isClean, err := gitPkg.IsClean(recipe.Dir())
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if !isClean {
+			logrus.Infof("%s currently has these unstaged changes 👇", recipe.Name)
+			if err := gitPkg.DiffUnstaged(recipe.Dir()); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
 		if len(tags) > 0 {
 			logrus.Warnf("previous git tags detected, assuming this is a new semver release")
 			if err := createReleaseFromPreviousTag(tagString, mainAppVersion, recipe, tags); err != nil {
@@ -130,7 +142,7 @@ your SSH keys configured on your account.
 
 // getImageVersions retrieves image versions for a recipe
 func getImageVersions(recipe recipe.Recipe) (map[string]string, error) {
-	var services = make(map[string]string)
+	services := make(map[string]string)
 
 	missingTag := false
 	for _, service := range recipe.Config.Services {
@@ -197,6 +209,10 @@ func createReleaseFromTag(recipe recipe.Recipe, tagString, mainAppVersion string
 		tagString = fmt.Sprintf("%s+%s", tag.String(), mainAppVersion)
 	}
 
+	if err := addReleaseNotes(recipe, tagString); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
 	if err := commitRelease(recipe, tagString); err != nil {
 		logrus.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -227,6 +243,82 @@ func getTagCreateOptions(tag string) (git.CreateTagOptions, error) {
 	return git.CreateTagOptions{Message: msg}, nil
 }
 
+// addReleaseNotes checks if the release/next release note exists and moves the
+// file to release/<tag>.
+func addReleaseNotes(recipe recipe.Recipe, tag string) error {
+	repoPath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipe.Name)
+	tagReleaseNotePath := path.Join(repoPath, "release", tag)
+	if _, err := os.Stat(tagReleaseNotePath); err == nil {
+		// Release note for current tag already exist exists.
+		return nil
+	} else if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	nextReleaseNotePath := path.Join(repoPath, "release", "next")
+	if _, err := os.Stat(nextReleaseNotePath); err == nil {
+		// release/next note exists. Move it to release/<tag>
+		if internal.Dry {
+			logrus.Debugf("dry run: move release note from 'next' to %s", tag)
+			return nil
+		}
+		if !internal.NoInput {
+			prompt := &survey.Input{
+				Message: "Use release note in release/next?",
+			}
+			var addReleaseNote bool
+			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &addReleaseNote); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if !addReleaseNote {
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		err := os.Rename(nextReleaseNotePath, tagReleaseNotePath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		err = gitPkg.Add(repoPath, path.Join("release", "next"), internal.Dry)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		err = gitPkg.Add(repoPath, path.Join("release", tag), internal.Dry)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	} else if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// No release note exists for the current release.
+	if internal.NoInput {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	prompt := &survey.Input{
+		Message: "Release Note (leave empty for no release note)",
+	}
+	var releaseNote string
+	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &releaseNote); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if releaseNote == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	err := os.WriteFile(tagReleaseNotePath, []byte(releaseNote), 0o644)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	err = gitPkg.Add(repoPath, path.Join("release", tag), internal.Dry)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 func commitRelease(recipe recipe.Recipe, tag string) error {
 	if internal.Dry {
 		logrus.Debugf("dry run: no changes committed")
@@ -246,7 +338,7 @@ func commitRelease(recipe recipe.Recipe, tag string) error {
 
 	msg := fmt.Sprintf("chore: publish %s release", tag)
 	repoPath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipe.Name)
-	if err := gitPkg.Commit(repoPath, ".", msg, internal.Dry); err != nil {
+	if err := gitPkg.Commit(repoPath, msg, internal.Dry); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -394,6 +486,10 @@ func createReleaseFromPreviousTag(tagString, mainAppVersion string, recipe recip
 		}
 	}
 
+	if err := addReleaseNotes(recipe, tagString); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
 	if err := commitRelease(recipe, tagString); err != nil {
 		logrus.Fatalf("failed to commit changes: %s", err.Error())
 	}

cli/recipe/reset.go

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+package recipe
+
+import (
+	"path"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli"
+)
+
+var recipeResetCommand = cli.Command{
+	Name:        "reset",
+	Usage:       "Remove all unstaged changes from recipe config",
+	Description: "WARNING, this will delete your changes. Be Careful.",
+	Aliases:     []string{"rs"},
+	ArgsUsage:   "<recipe>",
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		internal.DebugFlag,
+		internal.NoInputFlag,
+	},
+	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete,
+	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+		recipeName := c.Args().First()
+
+		if recipeName != "" {
+			internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
+		}
+
+		repoPath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipeName)
+		repo, err := git.PlainOpen(repoPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		ref, err := repo.Head()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		worktree, err := repo.Worktree()
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		opts := &git.ResetOptions{Commit: ref.Hash(), Mode: git.HardReset}
+		if err := worktree.Reset(opts); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	},
+}

cli/recipe/sync.go

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
+	gitPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/git"
 	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
 	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
 	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ var recipeSyncCommand = cli.Command{
 		internal.MajorFlag,
 		internal.MinorFlag,
 		internal.PatchFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before: internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	Description: `
@@ -42,9 +41,9 @@ Where <version> can be specifed on the command-line or Abra can attempt to
 auto-generate it for you. The <recipe> configuration will be updated on the
 local file system.
 `,
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
-		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipeWithPrompt(c, conf)
 
 		mainApp, err := internal.GetMainAppImage(recipe)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -66,6 +65,9 @@ local file system.
 		nextTag := c.Args().Get(1)
 		if len(tags) == 0 && nextTag == "" {
 			logrus.Warnf("no git tags found for %s", recipe.Name)
+			if internal.NoInput {
+				logrus.Fatalf("unable to continue, input required for initial version")
+			}
 			fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf(`
 The following options are two types of initial semantic version that you can
 pick for %s that will be published in the recipe catalogue. This follows the
@@ -197,7 +199,17 @@ likely to change.
 			logrus.Infof("dry run: not syncing label %s for recipe %s", nextTag, recipe.Name)
 		}
 
+		isClean, err := gitPkg.IsClean(recipe.Dir())
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if !isClean {
+			logrus.Infof("%s currently has these unstaged changes 👇", recipe.Name)
+			if err := gitPkg.DiffUnstaged(recipe.Dir()); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
 		return nil
 	},
-	BashComplete: autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete,
 }

cli/recipe/upgrade.go

@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
+	gitPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/git"
 	recipePkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
 	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
-	"github.com/docker/distribution/reference"
+	"github.com/distribution/reference"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ You may invoke this command in "wizard" mode and be prompted for input:
 
     abra recipe upgrade
 `,
-	BashComplete: autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete,
 	ArgsUsage: "<recipe>",
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
@@ -68,14 +67,25 @@ You may invoke this command in "wizard" mode and be prompted for input:
 		internal.MajorFlag,
 		internal.MachineReadableFlag,
 		internal.AllTagsFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
+	BashComplete: autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
-		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipeWithPrompt(c, conf)
 
-		if err := recipePkg.EnsureUpToDate(recipe.Name, conf); err != nil {
+		if err := recipePkg.EnsureIsClean(recipe.Name); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if err := recipePkg.EnsureExists(recipe.Name); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if err := recipePkg.EnsureUpToDate(recipe.Name); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if err := recipePkg.EnsureLatest(recipe.Name); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
@@ -185,7 +195,7 @@ You may invoke this command in "wizard" mode and be prompted for input:
 				continue // skip on to the next tag and don't update any compose files
 			}
 
-			catlVersions, err := recipePkg.VersionsOfService(recipe.Name, service.Name, conf)
+			catlVersions, err := recipePkg.VersionsOfService(recipe.Name, service.Name, internal.Offline)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -317,6 +327,7 @@ You may invoke this command in "wizard" mode and be prompted for input:
 				}
 
 				fmt.Println(string(jsonstring))
+
 				return nil
 			}
 
@@ -327,6 +338,18 @@ You may invoke this command in "wizard" mode and be prompted for input:
 				}
 			}
 		}
+
+		isClean, err := gitPkg.IsClean(recipeDir)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if !isClean {
+			logrus.Infof("%s currently has these unstaged changes 👇", recipe.Name)
+			if err := gitPkg.DiffUnstaged(recipeDir); err != nil {
+				logrus.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+
 		return nil
 	},
 }

cli/recipe/version.go

@@ -1,57 +1,86 @@
 package recipe
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
 	recipePkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
+	"github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
 
+func sortServiceByName(versions [][]string) func(i, j int) bool {
+	return func(i, j int) bool {
+		// NOTE(d1): corresponds to the `tableCol` definition below
+		if versions[i][1] == "app" {
+			return true
+		}
+		return versions[i][1] < versions[j][1]
+	}
+}
+
 var recipeVersionCommand = cli.Command{
 	Name:        "versions",
 	Aliases:     []string{"v"},
 	Usage:       "List recipe versions",
 	ArgsUsage:   "<recipe>",
+	Description: "Versions are read from the recipe catalogue.",
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		internal.NoInputFlag,
+		internal.MachineReadableFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.RecipeNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
+		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipe(c)
-		recipe := internal.ValidateRecipe(c, conf)
 
-		catalogue, err := recipePkg.ReadRecipeCatalogue(conf)
+		catl, err := recipePkg.ReadRecipeCatalogue(internal.Offline)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		recipeMeta, ok := catalogue[recipe.Name]
+		recipeMeta, ok := catl[recipe.Name]
 		if !ok {
-			logrus.Fatalf("%s recipe doesn't exist?", recipe.Name)
+			logrus.Fatalf("%s is not published on the catalogue?", recipe.Name)
 		}
 
-		tableCol := []string{"Version", "Service", "Image", "Tag"}
+		if len(recipeMeta.Versions) == 0 {
-		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
+			logrus.Fatalf("%s has no catalogue published versions?", recipe.Name)
+		}
 
+		tableCols := []string{"version", "service", "image", "tag"}
+		aggregated_table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCols)
 		for i := len(recipeMeta.Versions) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
-			for tag, meta := range recipeMeta.Versions[i] {
+			table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCols)
+			for version, meta := range recipeMeta.Versions[i] {
+				var versions [][]string
 				for service, serviceMeta := range meta {
-					table.Append([]string{tag, service, serviceMeta.Image, serviceMeta.Tag})
+					versions = append(versions, []string{version, service, serviceMeta.Image, serviceMeta.Tag})
-				}
-			}
 				}
 
-		table.SetAutoMergeCells(true)
+				sort.Slice(versions, sortServiceByName(versions))
 
-		if table.NumLines() > 0 {
+				for _, version := range versions {
+					table.Append(version)
+					aggregated_table.Append(version)
+				}
+
+				if !internal.MachineReadable {
+					table.SetAutoMergeCellsByColumnIndex([]int{0})
+					table.SetAlignment(tablewriter.ALIGN_LEFT)
 					table.Render()
-		} else {
+					fmt.Println()
-			logrus.Fatalf("%s has no published versions?", recipe.Name)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if internal.MachineReadable {
+			aggregated_table.JSONRender()
 		}
 
 		return nil

cli/record/list.go

@@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
-package record
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"strconv"
-
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
-	gandiPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/dns/gandi"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
-	"github.com/libdns/gandi"
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	"github.com/urfave/cli"
-)
-
-// RecordListCommand lists domains.
-var RecordListCommand = cli.Command{
-	Name:      "list",
-	Usage:     "List domain name records",
-	Aliases:   []string{"ls"},
-	ArgsUsage: "<zone>",
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
-		internal.DebugFlag,
-		internal.DNSProviderFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
-	},
-	Before: internal.SubCommandBefore,
-	Description: `
-List all domain name records managed by a 3rd party provider for a specific
-zone.
-
-You must specify a zone (e.g. example.com) under which your domain name records
-are listed. This zone must already be created on your provider account.
-`,
-	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		if err := internal.EnsureDNSProvider(); err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		zone, err := internal.EnsureZoneArgument(c)
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		var provider gandi.Provider
-		switch internal.DNSProvider {
-		case "gandi":
-			provider, err = gandiPkg.New()
-			if err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-		default:
-			logrus.Fatalf("%s is not a supported DNS provider", internal.DNSProvider)
-		}
-
-		records, err := provider.GetRecords(context.Background(), zone)
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		tableCol := []string{"type", "name", "value", "TTL", "priority"}
-		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
-
-		for _, record := range records {
-			value := record.Value
-			if len(record.Value) > 30 {
-				value = fmt.Sprintf("%s...", record.Value[:30])
-			}
-
-			table.Append([]string{
-				record.Type,
-				record.Name,
-				value,
-				record.TTL.String(),
-				strconv.Itoa(record.Priority),
-			})
-		}
-
-		table.Render()
-
-		return nil
-	},
-}

cli/record/new.go

@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
-package record
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"strconv"
-
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/dns"
-	gandiPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/dns/gandi"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
-	"github.com/libdns/gandi"
-	"github.com/libdns/libdns"
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	"github.com/urfave/cli"
-)
-
-// RecordNewCommand creates a new domain name record.
-var RecordNewCommand = cli.Command{
-	Name:      "new",
-	Usage:     "Create a new domain record",
-	Aliases:   []string{"n"},
-	ArgsUsage: "<zone>",
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
-		internal.DebugFlag,
-		internal.NoInputFlag,
-		internal.DNSProviderFlag,
-		internal.DNSTypeFlag,
-		internal.DNSNameFlag,
-		internal.DNSValueFlag,
-		internal.DNSTTLFlag,
-		internal.DNSPriorityFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
-	},
-	Before: internal.SubCommandBefore,
-	Description: `
-Create a new domain name record for a specific zone.
-
-You must specify a zone (e.g. example.com) under which your domain name records
-are listed. This zone must already be created on your provider account.
-
-Example:
-
-    abra record new foo.com -p gandi -t A -n myapp -v 192.168.178.44
-
-You may also invoke this command in "wizard" mode and be prompted for input:
-
-    abra record new
-`,
-	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		zone, err := internal.EnsureZoneArgument(c)
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if err := internal.EnsureDNSProvider(); err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		var provider gandi.Provider
-		switch internal.DNSProvider {
-		case "gandi":
-			provider, err = gandiPkg.New()
-			if err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-		default:
-			logrus.Fatalf("%s is not a supported DNS provider", internal.DNSProvider)
-		}
-
-		if err := internal.EnsureDNSTypeFlag(c); err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if err := internal.EnsureDNSNameFlag(c); err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if err := internal.EnsureDNSValueFlag(c); err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		ttl, err := dns.GetTTL(internal.DNSTTL)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		record := libdns.Record{
-			Type:  internal.DNSType,
-			Name:  internal.DNSName,
-			Value: internal.DNSValue,
-			TTL:   ttl,
-		}
-
-		if internal.DNSType == "MX" || internal.DNSType == "SRV" || internal.DNSType == "URI" {
-			record.Priority = internal.DNSPriority
-		}
-
-		records, err := provider.GetRecords(context.Background(), zone)
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		for _, existingRecord := range records {
-			if existingRecord.Type == record.Type &&
-				existingRecord.Name == record.Name &&
-				existingRecord.Value == record.Value {
-				logrus.Fatalf("%s record for %s already exists?", record.Type, zone)
-			}
-		}
-
-		createdRecords, err := provider.SetRecords(
-			context.Background(),
-			zone,
-			[]libdns.Record{record},
-		)
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if len(createdRecords) == 0 {
-			logrus.Fatal("provider library reports that no record was created?")
-		}
-
-		createdRecord := createdRecords[0]
-
-		tableCol := []string{"type", "name", "value", "TTL", "priority"}
-		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
-
-		value := createdRecord.Value
-		if len(createdRecord.Value) > 30 {
-			value = fmt.Sprintf("%s...", createdRecord.Value[:30])
-		}
-
-		table.Append([]string{
-			createdRecord.Type,
-			createdRecord.Name,
-			value,
-			createdRecord.TTL.String(),
-			strconv.Itoa(createdRecord.Priority),
-		})
-
-		table.Render()
-
-		logrus.Info("record created")
-
-		return nil
-	},
-}

cli/record/record.go

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-package record
-
-import (
-	"github.com/urfave/cli"
-)
-
-// RecordCommand supports managing DNS entries.
-var RecordCommand = cli.Command{
-	Name:      "record",
-	Usage:     "Manage domain name records",
-	Aliases:   []string{"rc"},
-	ArgsUsage: "<record>",
-	Description: `
-Manage domain name records via 3rd party providers such as Gandi DNS. It
-supports listing, creating and removing all types of records that you might
-need for managing Co-op Cloud apps.
-
-The following providers are supported:
-
-    Gandi DNS https://www.gandi.net
-
-You need an account with such a provider already. Typically, you need to
-provide an API token on the Abra command-line when using these commands so that
-you can authenticate with your provider account.
-
-New providers can be integrated, we welcome change sets. See the underlying DNS
-library documentation for more. It supports many existing providers and allows
-to implement new provider support easily.
-
-    https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/libdns/libdns
-`,
-	Subcommands: []cli.Command{
-		RecordListCommand,
-		RecordNewCommand,
-		RecordRemoveCommand,
-	},
-}

cli/record/remove.go

@@ -1,137 +0,0 @@
-package record
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"strconv"
-
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
-	gandiPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/dns/gandi"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
-	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
-	"github.com/libdns/gandi"
-	"github.com/libdns/libdns"
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	"github.com/urfave/cli"
-)
-
-// RecordRemoveCommand lists domains.
-var RecordRemoveCommand = cli.Command{
-	Name:      "remove",
-	Usage:     "Remove a domain name record",
-	Aliases:   []string{"rm"},
-	ArgsUsage: "<zone>",
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
-		internal.DebugFlag,
-		internal.NoInputFlag,
-		internal.DNSProviderFlag,
-		internal.DNSTypeFlag,
-		internal.DNSNameFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
-	},
-	Before: internal.SubCommandBefore,
-	Description: `
-Remove a domain name record for a specific zone.
-
-It uses the type of record and name to match existing records and choose one
-for deletion. You must specify a zone (e.g. example.com) under which your
-domain name records are listed. This zone must already be created on your
-provider account.
-
-Example:
-
-    abra record remove foo.com -p gandi -t A -n myapp
-
-You may also invoke this command in "wizard" mode and be prompted for input:
-
-    abra record rm
-`,
-	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		zone, err := internal.EnsureZoneArgument(c)
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if err := internal.EnsureDNSProvider(); err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		var provider gandi.Provider
-		switch internal.DNSProvider {
-		case "gandi":
-			provider, err = gandiPkg.New()
-			if err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-		default:
-			logrus.Fatalf("%s is not a supported DNS provider", internal.DNSProvider)
-		}
-
-		if err := internal.EnsureDNSTypeFlag(c); err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if err := internal.EnsureDNSNameFlag(c); err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		records, err := provider.GetRecords(context.Background(), zone)
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		var toDelete libdns.Record
-		for _, record := range records {
-			if record.Type == internal.DNSType && record.Name == internal.DNSName {
-				toDelete = record
-				break
-			}
-		}
-
-		if (libdns.Record{}) == toDelete {
-			logrus.Fatal("provider library reports no matching record?")
-		}
-
-		tableCol := []string{"type", "name", "value", "TTL", "priority"}
-		table := formatter.CreateTable(tableCol)
-
-		value := toDelete.Value
-		if len(toDelete.Value) > 30 {
-			value = fmt.Sprintf("%s...", toDelete.Value[:30])
-		}
-
-		table.Append([]string{
-			toDelete.Type,
-			toDelete.Name,
-			value,
-			toDelete.TTL.String(),
-			strconv.Itoa(toDelete.Priority),
-		})
-
-		table.Render()
-
-		if !internal.NoInput {
-			response := false
-			prompt := &survey.Confirm{
-				Message: "continue with record deletion?",
-			}
-
-			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-
-			if !response {
-				logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
-			}
-		}
-
-		_, err = provider.DeleteRecords(context.Background(), zone, []libdns.Record{toDelete})
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		logrus.Info("record successfully deleted")
-
-		return nil
-	},
-}

cli/server/add.go

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func cleanUp(domainName string) {
 // Docker manages SSH connection details. These are stored to disk in
 // ~/.docker. Abra can manage this completely for the user, so it's an
 // implementation detail.
-func newContext(c *cli.Context, domainName, username, port string) error {
+func newContext(c *cli.Context, domainName string) error {
 	store := contextPkg.NewDefaultDockerContextStore()
 	contexts, err := store.Store.List()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -67,9 +67,9 @@ func newContext(c *cli.Context, domainName, username, port string) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	logrus.Debugf("creating context with domain %s, username %s and port %s", domainName, username, port)
+	logrus.Debugf("creating context with domain %s", domainName)
 
-	if err := client.CreateContext(domainName, username, port); err != nil {
+	if err := client.CreateContext(domainName); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -118,7 +118,6 @@ developer machine.
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.NoInputFlag,
 		localFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
 	},
 	Before:    internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	ArgsUsage: "<domain>",
@@ -159,12 +158,7 @@ developer machine.
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
-		hostConfig, err := sshPkg.GetHostConfig(domainName)
+		if err := newContext(c, domainName); err != nil {
-		if err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if err := newContext(c, domainName, hostConfig.User, hostConfig.Port); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 

cli/server/list.go

@@ -60,6 +60,17 @@ var serverListCommand = cli.Command{
 					if err != nil {
 						logrus.Fatal(err)
 					}
+
+					if sp.Host == "" {
+						sp.Host = "unknown"
+					}
+					if sp.User == "" {
+						sp.User = "unknown"
+					}
+					if sp.Port == "" {
+						sp.Port = "unknown"
+					}
+
 					row = []string{serverName, sp.Host, sp.User, sp.Port}
 				}
 			}
@@ -73,8 +84,11 @@ var serverListCommand = cli.Command{
 			}
 
 			if problemsFilter {
-				if row[1] == "unknown" {
+				for _, val := range row {
+					if val == "unknown" {
 						table.Append(row)
+						break
+					}
 				}
 			} else {
 				table.Append(row)

cli/server/new.go

@@ -1,261 +0,0 @@
-package server
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
-
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/cli/internal"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
-	"coopcloud.tech/libcapsul"
-	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
-	"github.com/hetznercloud/hcloud-go/hcloud"
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	"github.com/urfave/cli"
-)
-
-func newHetznerCloudVPS(c *cli.Context) error {
-	if err := internal.EnsureNewHetznerCloudVPSFlags(c); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	client := hcloud.NewClient(hcloud.WithToken(internal.HetznerCloudAPIToken))
-
-	var sshKeysRaw []string
-	var sshKeys []*hcloud.SSHKey
-	for _, sshKey := range c.StringSlice("hetzner-ssh-keys") {
-		if sshKey == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		sshKey, _, err := client.SSHKey.GetByName(context.Background(), sshKey)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		sshKeys = append(sshKeys, sshKey)
-		sshKeysRaw = append(sshKeysRaw, sshKey.Name)
-	}
-
-	serverOpts := hcloud.ServerCreateOpts{
-		Name:       internal.HetznerCloudName,
-		ServerType: &hcloud.ServerType{Name: internal.HetznerCloudType},
-		Image:      &hcloud.Image{Name: internal.HetznerCloudImage},
-		SSHKeys:    sshKeys,
-		Location:   &hcloud.Location{Name: internal.HetznerCloudLocation},
-	}
-
-	sshKeyIDs := strings.Join(sshKeysRaw, "\n")
-	if sshKeyIDs == "" {
-		sshKeyIDs = "N/A (password auth)"
-	}
-
-	tableColumns := []string{"name", "type", "image", "ssh-keys", "location"}
-	table := formatter.CreateTable(tableColumns)
-	table.Append([]string{
-		internal.HetznerCloudName,
-		internal.HetznerCloudType,
-		internal.HetznerCloudImage,
-		sshKeyIDs,
-		internal.HetznerCloudLocation,
-	})
-	table.Render()
-
-	response := false
-	prompt := &survey.Confirm{
-		Message: "continue with hetzner cloud VPS creation?",
-	}
-
-	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if !response {
-		logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
-	}
-
-	res, _, err := client.Server.Create(context.Background(), serverOpts)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	var rootPassword string
-	if len(sshKeys) > 0 {
-		rootPassword = "N/A (using SSH keys)"
-	} else {
-		rootPassword = res.RootPassword
-	}
-
-	ip := res.Server.PublicNet.IPv4.IP.String()
-
-	fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf(`
-Your new Hetzner Cloud VPS has successfully been created! Here are the details:
-
-    name: %s
-    IP address: %s
-    root password: %s
-
-You can access this new VPS via SSH using the following command:
-
-    ssh root@%s
-
-Please note, this server is not managed by Abra yet (i.e. "abra server ls" will
-not list this server)! You will need to assign a domain name record (manually
-or by using "abra record new") and add the server to your Abra configuration
-("abra server add") to have a working server that you can deploy Co-op Cloud
-apps to.
-
-When setting up domain name records, you probably want to set up the following
-2 A records. This supports deploying apps to your root domain (e.g.
-example.com) and other apps on sub-domains (e.g. foo.example.com,
-bar.example.com).
-
-    @  1800 IN A %s
-    *  1800 IN A %s
-	`,
-		internal.HetznerCloudName, ip, rootPassword,
-		ip, ip, ip,
-	))
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func newCapsulVPS(c *cli.Context) error {
-	if err := internal.EnsureNewCapsulVPSFlags(c); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	capsulCreateURL := fmt.Sprintf("https://%s/api/capsul/create", internal.CapsulInstanceURL)
-
-	var sshKeys []string
-	for _, sshKey := range c.StringSlice("capsul-ssh-keys") {
-		if sshKey == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		sshKeys = append(sshKeys, sshKey)
-	}
-
-	tableColumns := []string{"instance", "name", "type", "image", "ssh-keys"}
-	table := formatter.CreateTable(tableColumns)
-	table.Append([]string{
-		internal.CapsulInstanceURL,
-		internal.CapsulName,
-		internal.CapsulType,
-		internal.CapsulImage,
-		strings.Join(sshKeys, "\n"),
-	})
-	table.Render()
-
-	response := false
-	prompt := &survey.Confirm{
-		Message: "continue with capsul creation?",
-	}
-
-	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if !response {
-		logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
-	}
-
-	capsulClient := libcapsul.New(capsulCreateURL, internal.CapsulAPIToken)
-	resp, err := capsulClient.Create(
-		internal.CapsulName,
-		internal.CapsulType,
-		internal.CapsulImage,
-		sshKeys,
-	)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf(`
-Your new Capsul has successfully been created! Here are the details:
-
-    Capsul name: %s
-    Capsul ID:   %v
-
-You will need to log into your Capsul instance web interface to retrieve the IP
-address. You can learn all about how to get SSH access to your new Capsul on:
-
-    %s/about-ssh
-
-Please note, this server is not managed by Abra yet (i.e. "abra server ls" will
-not list this server)! You will need to assign a domain name record (manually
-or by using "abra record new") and add the server to your Abra configuration
-("abra server add") to have a working server that you can deploy Co-op Cloud
-apps to.
-
-When setting up domain name records, you probably want to set up the following
-2 A records. This supports deploying apps to your root domain (e.g.
-example.com) and other apps on sub-domains (e.g. foo.example.com,
-bar.example.com).
-
-    @  1800 IN A <your-capsul-ip>
-    *  1800 IN A <your-capsul-ip>
-	`, internal.CapsulName, resp.ID, internal.CapsulInstanceURL))
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-var serverNewCommand = cli.Command{
-	Name:    "new",
-	Aliases: []string{"n"},
-	Usage:   "Create a new server using a 3rd party provider",
-	Description: `
-Create a new server via a 3rd party provider.
-
-The following providers are supported:
-
-		Capsul https://git.cyberia.club/Cyberia/capsul-flask
-    Hetzner Cloud https://docs.hetzner.com/cloud
-
-You may invoke this command in "wizard" mode and be prompted for input:
-
-    abra record new
-
-API tokens are read from the environment if specified, e.g.
-
-    export HCLOUD_TOKEN=...
-`,
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
-		internal.DebugFlag,
-		internal.NoInputFlag,
-		internal.ServerProviderFlag,
-		internal.OfflineFlag,
-
-		// Capsul
-		internal.CapsulInstanceURLFlag,
-		internal.CapsulTypeFlag,
-		internal.CapsulImageFlag,
-		internal.CapsulSSHKeysFlag,
-		internal.CapsulAPITokenFlag,
-
-		// Hetzner
-		internal.HetznerCloudNameFlag,
-		internal.HetznerCloudTypeFlag,
-		internal.HetznerCloudImageFlag,
-		internal.HetznerCloudSSHKeysFlag,
-		internal.HetznerCloudLocationFlag,
-		internal.HetznerCloudAPITokenFlag,
-	},
-	Before: internal.SubCommandBefore,
-	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		if err := internal.EnsureServerProvider(); err != nil {
-			logrus.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		switch internal.ServerProvider {
-		case "capsul":
-			if err := newCapsulVPS(c); err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-		case "hetzner-cloud":
-			if err := newHetznerCloudVPS(c); err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-		}
-
-		return nil
-	},
-}

cli/server/prune.go

@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ var allFilterFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 	Destination: &allFilter,
 }
 
-var volunesFilter bool
+var volumesFilter bool
 
 var volumesFilterFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 	Name:        "volumes, v",
 	Usage:       "Prune volumes. This will remove app data, Be Careful!",
-	Destination: &volunesFilter,
+	Destination: &volumesFilter,
 }
 
 var serverPruneCommand = cli.Command{
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ var serverPruneCommand = cli.Command{
 	Description: `
 Prunes unused containers, networks, and dangling images.
 
-If passing "-v/--volumes" then volumes not connected with a deployed app will
+If passing "-v/--volumes" then volumes not connected to a deployed app will
 also be removed. This can result in unwanted data loss if not used carefully.
 	`,
 	ArgsUsage: "[<server>]",
@@ -44,12 +44,11 @@ also be removed. This can result in unwanted data loss if not used carefully.
 		volumesFilterFlag,
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
+		internal.NoInputFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.ServerNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		var args filters.Args
-
 		serverName := internal.ValidateServer(c)
 
 		cl, err := client.New(serverName)
@@ -57,6 +56,8 @@ also be removed. This can result in unwanted data loss if not used carefully.
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
+		var args filters.Args
+
 		ctx := context.Background()
 		cr, err := cl.ContainersPrune(ctx, args)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -75,6 +76,7 @@ also be removed. This can result in unwanted data loss if not used carefully.
 
 		pruneFilters := filters.NewArgs()
 		if allFilter {
+			logrus.Debugf("removing all images, not only dangling ones")
 			pruneFilters.Add("dangling", "false")
 		}
 
@@ -86,7 +88,7 @@ also be removed. This can result in unwanted data loss if not used carefully.
 		imgSpaceReclaimed := formatter.ByteCountSI(ir.SpaceReclaimed)
 		logrus.Infof("images pruned: %d; space reclaimed: %s", len(ir.ImagesDeleted), imgSpaceReclaimed)
 
-		if volunesFilter {
+		if volumesFilter {
 			vr, err := cl.VolumesPrune(ctx, args)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)

cli/server/remove.go

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 package server
 
 import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 
@@ -10,168 +8,31 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/autocomplete"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
-	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
-	"github.com/hetznercloud/hcloud-go/hcloud"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
 
-var rmServer bool
-var rmServerFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
-	Name:        "server, s",
-	Usage:       "remove the actual server also",
-	Destination: &rmServer,
-}
-
-func rmHetznerCloudVPS(c *cli.Context) error {
-	if internal.HetznerCloudName == "" && !internal.NoInput {
-		prompt := &survey.Input{
-			Message: "specify hetzner cloud VPS name",
-		}
-		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &internal.HetznerCloudName); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if internal.HetznerCloudAPIToken == "" && !internal.NoInput {
-		token, ok := os.LookupEnv("HCLOUD_TOKEN")
-		if !ok {
-			prompt := &survey.Input{
-				Message: "specify hetzner cloud API token",
-			}
-			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &internal.HetznerCloudAPIToken); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-		} else {
-			internal.HetznerCloudAPIToken = token
-		}
-	}
-
-	client := hcloud.NewClient(hcloud.WithToken(internal.HetznerCloudAPIToken))
-
-	server, _, err := client.Server.Get(context.Background(), internal.HetznerCloudName)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if server == nil {
-		logrus.Fatalf("library provider reports that %s doesn't exist?", internal.HetznerCloudName)
-	}
-
-	fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf(`
-You have requested that Abra delete the following server (%s). Please be
-absolutely sure that this is indeed the server that you would like to have
-removed. There will be no going back once you confirm, the server will be
-destroyed.
-`, server.Name))
-
-	tableColumns := []string{"name", "type", "image", "location"}
-	table := formatter.CreateTable(tableColumns)
-	table.Append([]string{
-		server.Name,
-		server.ServerType.Name,
-		server.Image.Name,
-		server.Datacenter.Name,
-	})
-	table.Render()
-
-	response := false
-	prompt := &survey.Confirm{
-		Message: "continue with hetzner cloud VPS removal?",
-	}
-
-	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if !response {
-		logrus.Fatal("exiting as requested")
-	}
-
-	_, err = client.Server.Delete(context.Background(), server)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	logrus.Infof("%s has been deleted from your hetzner cloud account", internal.HetznerCloudName)
-
-	return nil
-}
-
 var serverRemoveCommand = cli.Command{
 	Name:      "remove",
 	Aliases:   []string{"rm"},
-	ArgsUsage: "[<server>]",
+	ArgsUsage: "<server>",
 	Usage:     "Remove a managed server",
-	Description: `
+	Description: `Remove a managed server.
-Remova a server from Abra management.
 
-Depending on whether you used a 3rd party provider to create this server ("abra
+Abra will remove the internal bookkeeping (~/.abra/servers/...) and underlying
-server new"), you can also destroy the virtual server as well. Pass
+client connection context. This server will then be lost in time, like tears in
-"--server/-s" to tell Abra to try to delete this VPS.
+rain.
-
-Otherwise, Abra will remove the internal bookkeeping (~/.abra/servers/...) and
-underlying client connection context. This server will then be lost in time,
-like tears in rain.
 `,
 	Flags: []cli.Flag{
 		internal.DebugFlag,
 		internal.NoInputFlag,
-		rmServerFlag,
-		internal.ServerProviderFlag,
 		internal.OfflineFlag,
-
-		// Hetzner
-		internal.HetznerCloudNameFlag,
-		internal.HetznerCloudAPITokenFlag,
 	},
 	Before:       internal.SubCommandBefore,
 	BashComplete: autocomplete.ServerNameComplete,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
 		serverName := internal.ValidateServer(c)
 
-		warnMsg := `Did not pass -s/--server for actual server deletion, prompting!
-
-Abra doesn't currently know if it helped you create this server with one of the
-3rd party integrations (e.g. Capsul). You have a choice here to actually,
-really and finally destroy this server using those integrations. If you want to
-do this, choose Yes.
-
-If you just want to remove the server config files & context, choose No.
-`
-
-		if !rmServer {
-			logrus.Warn(fmt.Sprintf(warnMsg))
-
-			response := false
-			prompt := &survey.Confirm{
-				Message: "delete actual live server?",
-			}
-			if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-			if response {
-				logrus.Info("setting -s/--server and attempting to remove actual server")
-				rmServer = true
-			}
-		}
-
-		if rmServer {
-			if err := internal.EnsureServerProvider(); err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-
-			switch internal.ServerProvider {
-			case "capsul":
-				logrus.Warn("capsul provider does not support automatic removal yet, sorry!")
-			case "hetzner-cloud":
-				if err := rmHetznerCloudVPS(c); err != nil {
-					logrus.Fatal(err)
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
 		if err := client.DeleteContext(serverName); err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
 		}

cli/server/server.go

@@ -9,16 +9,7 @@ var ServerCommand = cli.Command{
 	Name:    "server",
 	Aliases: []string{"s"},
 	Usage:   "Manage servers",
-	Description: `
-Create, manage and remove servers using 3rd party integrations. 
-
-Servers can be created from scratch using the "abra server new" command. If you
-already have a server, you can add it to your configuration using "abra server
-add". Abra can provision servers so that they are ready to deploy Co-op Cloud
-recipes, see available flags on "abra server add" for more.
-`,
 	Subcommands: []cli.Command{
-		serverNewCommand,
 		serverAddCommand,
 		serverListCommand,
 		serverRemoveCommand,

cli/updater/updater.go

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/lint"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/convert"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
@@ -58,8 +57,6 @@ catalogue. If a new patch/minor version is available, a notification is
 printed. To include major versions use the --major flag.
 `,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
-
 		cl, err := client.New("default")
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
@@ -78,7 +75,7 @@ printed. To include major versions use the --major flag.
 			}
 
 			if recipeName != "" {
-				_, err = getLatestUpgrade(cl, stackName, recipeName, conf)
+				_, err = getLatestUpgrade(cl, stackName, recipeName)
 				if err != nil {
 					logrus.Fatal(err)
 				}
@@ -113,8 +110,6 @@ break things. Only apps that are not deployed with "--chaos" are upgraded, to
 update chaos deployments use the "--chaos" flag. Use it with care.
 `,
 	Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
-		conf := runtime.New(runtime.WithOffline(internal.Offline))
-
 		cl, err := client.New("default")
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.Fatal(err)
@@ -123,7 +118,7 @@ update chaos deployments use the "--chaos" flag. Use it with care.
 		if !updateAll {
 			stackName := c.Args().Get(0)
 			recipeName := c.Args().Get(1)
-			err = tryUpgrade(cl, stackName, recipeName, conf)
+			err = tryUpgrade(cl, stackName, recipeName)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -143,7 +138,7 @@ update chaos deployments use the "--chaos" flag. Use it with care.
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 
-			err = tryUpgrade(cl, stackName, recipeName, conf)
+			err = tryUpgrade(cl, stackName, recipeName)
 			if err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -227,14 +222,13 @@ func getEnv(cl *dockerclient.Client, stackName string) (config.AppEnv, error) {
 
 // getLatestUpgrade returns the latest available version for an app respecting
 // the "--major" flag if it is newer than the currently deployed version.
-func getLatestUpgrade(cl *dockerclient.Client, stackName string,
+func getLatestUpgrade(cl *dockerclient.Client, stackName string, recipeName string) (string, error) {
-	recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) (string, error) {
 	deployedVersion, err := getDeployedVersion(cl, stackName, recipeName)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
 
-	availableUpgrades, err := getAvailableUpgrades(cl, stackName, recipeName, deployedVersion, conf)
+	availableUpgrades, err := getAvailableUpgrades(cl, stackName, recipeName, deployedVersion)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
@@ -277,8 +271,8 @@ func getDeployedVersion(cl *dockerclient.Client, stackName string, recipeName st
 // than the deployed version. It only includes major upgrades if the "--major"
 // flag is set.
 func getAvailableUpgrades(cl *dockerclient.Client, stackName string, recipeName string,
-	deployedVersion string, conf *runtime.Config) ([]string, error) {
+	deployedVersion string) ([]string, error) {
-	catl, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(conf)
+	catl, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(internal.Offline)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -322,12 +316,12 @@ func getAvailableUpgrades(cl *dockerclient.Client, stackName string, recipeName
 
 // processRecipeRepoVersion clones, pulls, checks out the version and lints the
 // recipe repository.
-func processRecipeRepoVersion(recipeName, version string, conf *runtime.Config) error {
+func processRecipeRepoVersion(recipeName, version string) error {
-	if err := recipe.EnsureExists(recipeName, conf); err != nil {
+	if err := recipe.EnsureExists(recipeName); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(recipeName, conf); err != nil {
+	if err := recipe.EnsureUpToDate(recipeName); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -335,7 +329,7 @@ func processRecipeRepoVersion(recipeName, version string, conf *runtime.Config)
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if r, err := recipe.Get(recipeName, conf); err != nil {
+	if r, err := recipe.Get(recipeName, internal.Offline); err != nil {
 		return err
 	} else if err := lint.LintForErrors(r); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -370,7 +364,7 @@ func createDeployConfig(recipeName string, stackName string, env config.AppEnv)
 		ResolveImage: stack.ResolveImageAlways,
 	}
 
-	composeFiles, err := config.GetAppComposeFiles(recipeName, env)
+	composeFiles, err := config.GetComposeFiles(recipeName, env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, deployOpts, err
 	}
@@ -392,7 +386,7 @@ func createDeployConfig(recipeName string, stackName string, env config.AppEnv)
 }
 
 // tryUpgrade performs the upgrade if all the requirements are fulfilled.
-func tryUpgrade(cl *dockerclient.Client, stackName, recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) error {
+func tryUpgrade(cl *dockerclient.Client, stackName, recipeName string) error {
 	if recipeName == "" {
 		logrus.Debugf("don't update %s due to missing recipe name", stackName)
 		return nil
@@ -418,7 +412,7 @@ func tryUpgrade(cl *dockerclient.Client, stackName, recipeName string, conf *run
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	upgradeVersion, err := getLatestUpgrade(cl, stackName, recipeName, conf)
+	upgradeVersion, err := getLatestUpgrade(cl, stackName, recipeName)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -428,14 +422,14 @@ func tryUpgrade(cl *dockerclient.Client, stackName, recipeName string, conf *run
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	err = upgrade(cl, stackName, recipeName, upgradeVersion, conf)
+	err = upgrade(cl, stackName, recipeName, upgradeVersion)
 
 	return err
 }
 
 // upgrade performs all necessary steps to upgrade an app.
 func upgrade(cl *dockerclient.Client, stackName, recipeName,
-	upgradeVersion string, conf *runtime.Config) error {
+	upgradeVersion string) error {
 	env, err := getEnv(cl, stackName)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -448,7 +442,7 @@ func upgrade(cl *dockerclient.Client, stackName, recipeName,
 		Env:    env,
 	}
 
-	if err = processRecipeRepoVersion(recipeName, upgradeVersion, conf); err != nil {
+	if err = processRecipeRepoVersion(recipeName, upgradeVersion); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 

go.mod

@@ -1,52 +1,133 @@
 module coopcloud.tech/abra
 
-go 1.16
+go 1.21
 
 require (
-	coopcloud.tech/tagcmp v0.0.0-20211103052201-885b22f77d52
+	coopcloud.tech/tagcmp v0.0.0-20230809071031-eb3e7758d4eb
+	git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/godotenv v1.5.2-0.20231130100509-01bff8284355
 	github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2 v2.3.7
-	github.com/Autonomic-Cooperative/godotenv v1.3.1-0.20210731094149-b031ea1211e7
 	github.com/Gurpartap/logrus-stack v0.0.0-20170710170904-89c00d8a28f4
-	github.com/docker/cli v24.0.5+incompatible
+	github.com/distribution/distribution v2.8.3+incompatible
-	github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.2+incompatible
+	github.com/docker/cli v26.1.4+incompatible
-	github.com/docker/docker v24.0.5+incompatible
+	github.com/docker/docker v26.1.4+incompatible
 	github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0
-	github.com/go-git/go-git/v5 v5.8.1
+	github.com/go-git/go-git/v5 v5.12.0
+	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.6.0
 	github.com/moby/sys/signal v0.7.0
 	github.com/moby/term v0.5.0
 	github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter v0.0.5
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1
-	github.com/schollz/progressbar/v3 v3.13.1
+	github.com/schollz/progressbar/v3 v3.14.4
 	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3
-	gotest.tools/v3 v3.5.0
+	gotest.tools/v3 v3.5.1
+)
+
+require (
+	dario.cat/mergo v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20230124172434-306776ec8161 // indirect
+	github.com/BurntSushi/toml v1.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.2 // indirect
+	github.com/ProtonMail/go-crypto v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/cloudflare/circl v1.3.9 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/log v0.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.4 // indirect
+	github.com/cyphar/filepath-securejoin v0.2.5 // indirect
+	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/distribution/reference v0.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/distribution v2.7.1+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/docker/go v1.5.1-1.0.20160303222718-d30aec9fd63c // indirect
+	github.com/docker/go-connections v0.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/go-metrics v0.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/libtrust v0.0.0-20160708172513-aabc10ec26b7 // indirect
+	github.com/emirpasic/gods v1.18.1 // indirect
+	github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4 // indirect
+	github.com/ghodss/yaml v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/go-git/gcfg v1.5.1-0.20230307220236-3a3c6141e376 // indirect
+	github.com/go-git/go-billy/v5 v5.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.2 // indirect
+	github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2 // indirect
+	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 // indirect
+	github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20210331224755-41bb18bfe9da // indirect
+	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.20.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 // indirect
+	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/jbenet/go-context v0.0.0-20150711004518-d14ea06fba99 // indirect
+	github.com/kballard/go-shellquote v0.0.0-20180428030007-95032a82bc51 // indirect
+	github.com/kevinburke/ssh_config v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.9 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.15 // indirect
+	github.com/mgutz/ansi v0.0.0-20200706080929-d51e80ef957d // indirect
+	github.com/miekg/pkcs11 v1.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/mitchellh/colorstring v0.0.0-20190213212951-d06e56a500db // indirect
+	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/docker-image-spec v1.3.1 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/sys/user v0.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/morikuni/aec v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/runc v1.1.13 // indirect
+	github.com/pjbgf/sha1cd v0.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.6.1 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/common v0.54.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.15.1 // indirect
+	github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7 // indirect
+	github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/skeema/knownhosts v1.2.2 // indirect
+	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5 // indirect
+	github.com/xanzy/ssh-agent v0.3.3 // indirect
+	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonreference v0.0.0-20180127040603-bd5ef7bd5415 // indirect
+	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonschema v1.2.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.52.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.27.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetricgrpc v1.27.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.27.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc v1.27.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.27.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.27.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric v1.27.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.27.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v1.3.1 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.24.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.26.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.7.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/term v0.21.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.16.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/time v0.5.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20240617180043-68d350f18fd4 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20240617180043-68d350f18fd4 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/grpc v1.64.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.34.2 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/warnings.v0 v0.1.2 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 )
 
 require (
-	coopcloud.tech/libcapsul v0.0.0-20230605070824-878af473f07b
-	github.com/AdaLogics/go-fuzz-headers v0.0.0-20230106234847-43070de90fa1 // indirect
 	github.com/buger/goterm v1.0.4
-	github.com/containerd/containerd v1.5.9 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/containerd v1.7.18 // indirect
 	github.com/containers/image v3.0.2+incompatible
 	github.com/containers/storage v1.38.2 // indirect
 	github.com/decentral1se/passgen v1.0.1
-	github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.6.4 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.8.2 // indirect
 	github.com/facebookgo/stack v0.0.0-20160209184415-751773369052 // indirect
-	github.com/fvbommel/sortorder v1.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/fvbommel/sortorder v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/google/shlex v0.0.0-20191202100458-e7afc7fbc510 // indirect
-	github.com/gorilla/mux v1.8.0 // indirect
+	github.com/gorilla/mux v1.8.1 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/go-retryablehttp v0.7.4
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-retryablehttp v0.7.7
-	github.com/hetznercloud/hcloud-go v1.48.0
+	github.com/moby/patternmatcher v0.6.0 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/pgzip v1.2.6
-	github.com/libdns/gandi v1.0.2
-	github.com/libdns/libdns v0.2.1
-	github.com/moby/patternmatcher v0.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/sys/sequential v0.5.0 // indirect
-	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.0.3-0.20211202193544-a5463b7f9c84 // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.11.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.19.1 // indirect
-	github.com/sergi/go-diff v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/sergi/go-diff v1.3.2-0.20230802210424-5b0b94c5c0d3 // indirect
-	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.8.1 // indirect
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.9.0
 	github.com/theupdateframework/notary v0.7.0 // indirect
-	github.com/urfave/cli v1.22.9
+	github.com/urfave/cli v1.22.15
-	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonpointer v0.0.0-20190809123943-df4f5c81cb3b // indirect
+	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonpointer v0.0.0-20190905194746-02993c407bfb // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.10.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.21.0
 )

pkg/autocomplete/autocomplete.go

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import (
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
@@ -26,14 +25,19 @@ func AppNameComplete(c *cli.Context) {
 	}
 }
 
+func ServiceNameComplete(appName string) {
+	serviceNames, err := config.GetAppServiceNames(appName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	for _, s := range serviceNames {
+		fmt.Println(s)
+	}
+}
+
 // RecipeNameComplete completes recipe names.
 func RecipeNameComplete(c *cli.Context) {
-	// defaults since we can't take arguments here... this means auto-completion
+	catl, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(false)
-	// of recipe names always access the network if e.g. the catalogue needs
-	// cloning / updating
-	conf := runtime.New()
-
-	catl, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(conf)
 	if err != nil {
 		logrus.Warn(err)
 	}
@@ -47,6 +51,20 @@ func RecipeNameComplete(c *cli.Context) {
 	}
 }
 
+// RecipeVersionComplete completes versions for the recipe.
+func RecipeVersionComplete(recipeName string) {
+	catl, err := recipe.ReadRecipeCatalogue(false)
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Warn(err)
+	}
+
+	for _, v := range catl[recipeName].Versions {
+		for v2 := range v {
+			fmt.Println(v2)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // ServerNameComplete completes server names.
 func ServerNameComplete(c *cli.Context) {
 	files, err := config.LoadAppFiles("")
@@ -74,7 +92,6 @@ func SubcommandComplete(c *cli.Context) {
 		"autocomplete",
 		"catalogue",
 		"recipe",
-		"record",
 		"server",
 		"upgrade",
 	}

pkg/catalogue/catalogue.go

@@ -8,58 +8,15 @@ import (
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	gitPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/git"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
-// CatalogueSkipList is all the repos that are not recipes.
-var CatalogueSkipList = map[string]bool{
-	"abra":                        true,
-	"abra-apps":                   true,
-	"abra-aur":                    true,
-	"abra-bash":                   true,
-	"abra-capsul":                 true,
-	"abra-gandi":                  true,
-	"abra-hetzner":                true,
-	"apps":                        true,
-	"aur-abra-git":                true,
-	"auto-recipes-catalogue-json": true,
-	"auto-mirror":                 true,
-	"backup-bot":                  true,
-	"backup-bot-two":              true,
-	"beta.coopcloud.tech":         true,
-	"comrade-renovate-bot":        true,
-	"coopcloud.tech":              true,
-	"coturn":                      true,
-	"docker-cp-deploy":            true,
-	"docker-dind-bats-kcov":       true,
-	"docs.coopcloud.tech":         true,
-	"drone-abra":                  true,
-	"example":                     true,
-	"gardening":                   true,
-	"go-abra":                     true,
-	"organising":                  true,
-	"pyabra":                      true,
-	"radicle-seed-node":           true,
-	"recipes-catalogue-json":      true,
-	"recipes-wishlist":            true,
-	"recipes.coopcloud.tech":      true,
-	"stack-ssh-deploy":            true,
-	"swarm-cronjob":               true,
-	"tagcmp":                      true,
-	"traefik-cert-dumper":         true,
-	"tyop":                        true,
-}
-
 // EnsureCatalogue ensures that the catalogue is cloned locally & present.
-func EnsureCatalogue(conf *runtime.Config) error {
+func EnsureCatalogue() error {
 	catalogueDir := path.Join(config.ABRA_DIR, "catalogue")
 	if _, err := os.Stat(catalogueDir); err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		if conf.Offline {
+		logrus.Warnf("local recipe catalogue is missing, retrieving now")
-			return fmt.Errorf("no local copy of the catalogue available, network access required")
-		}
-
 		url := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s.git", config.REPOS_BASE_URL, config.CATALOGUE_JSON_REPO_NAME)
 		if err := gitPkg.Clone(catalogueDir, url); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -71,9 +28,8 @@ func EnsureCatalogue(conf *runtime.Config) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// EnsureUpToDate ensures that the local catalogue has no unstaged changes as
+// EnsureIsClean makes sure that the catalogue has no unstaged changes.
-// is up to date. This is useful to run before doing catalogue generation.
+func EnsureIsClean() error {
-func EnsureUpToDate(conf *runtime.Config) error {
 	isClean, err := gitPkg.IsClean(config.CATALOGUE_DIR)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -84,11 +40,11 @@ func EnsureUpToDate(conf *runtime.Config) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf(msg, config.CATALOGUE_DIR)
 	}
 
-	if conf.Offline {
-		logrus.Debug("attempting to use local catalogue without access network (\"--offline\")")
 	return nil
 }
 
+// EnsureUpToDate ensures that the local catalogue is up to date.
+func EnsureUpToDate() error {
 	repo, err := git.PlainOpen(config.CATALOGUE_DIR)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err

pkg/client/context.go

@@ -14,19 +14,16 @@ import (
 
 type Context = contextStore.Metadata
 
-func CreateContext(contextName string, user string, port string) error {
+// CreateContext creates a new Docker context.
-	host := contextName
+func CreateContext(contextName string) error {
-	if user != "" {
+	host := fmt.Sprintf("ssh://%s", contextName)
-		host = fmt.Sprintf("%s@%s", user, host)
+
-	}
-	if port != "" {
-		host = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", host, port)
-	}
-	host = fmt.Sprintf("ssh://%s", host)
 	if err := createContext(contextName, host); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+
 	logrus.Debugf("created the %s context", contextName)
+
 	return nil
 }
 

pkg/client/registry.go

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/containers/image/docker"
 	"github.com/containers/image/types"
-	"github.com/docker/distribution/reference"
+	"github.com/distribution/reference"
 )
 
 // GetRegistryTags retrieves all tags of an image from a container registry.

pkg/client/volumes.go

@@ -2,15 +2,17 @@ package client
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/volume"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 func GetVolumes(cl *client.Client, ctx context.Context, server string, fs filters.Args) ([]*volume.Volume, error) {
-	volumeListOptions := volume.ListOptions{fs}
+	volumeListOKBody, err := cl.VolumeList(ctx, volume.ListOptions{Filters: fs})
-	volumeListOKBody, err := cl.VolumeList(ctx, volumeListOptions)
 	volumeList := volumeListOKBody.Volumes
 	if err != nil {
 		return volumeList, err
@@ -29,13 +31,32 @@ func GetVolumeNames(volumes []*volume.Volume) []string {
 	return volumeNames
 }
 
-func RemoveVolumes(cl *client.Client, ctx context.Context, server string, volumeNames []string, force bool) error {
+func RemoveVolumes(cl *client.Client, ctx context.Context, volumeNames []string, force bool, retries int) error {
 	for _, volName := range volumeNames {
-		err := cl.VolumeRemove(ctx, volName, force)
+		err := retryFunc(5, func() error {
+			return cl.VolumeRemove(context.Background(), volName, force)
+		})
 		if err != nil {
-			return err
+			return fmt.Errorf("volume %s: %s", volName, err)
 		}
 	}
-
 	return nil
 }
+
+// retryFunc retries the given function for the given retries. After the nth
+// retry it waits (n + 1)^2 seconds before the next retry (starting with n=0).
+// It returns an error if the function still failed after the last retry.
+func retryFunc(retries int, fn func() error) error {
+	for i := 0; i < retries; i++ {
+		err := fn()
+		if err == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if i+1 < retries {
+			sleep := time.Duration(i+1) * time.Duration(i+1)
+			logrus.Infof("%s: waiting %d seconds before next retry", err, sleep)
+			time.Sleep(sleep * time.Second)
+		}
+	}
+	return fmt.Errorf("%d retries failed", retries)
+}

pkg/client/volumes_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package client
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestRetryFunc(t *testing.T) {
+	err := retryFunc(1, func() error { return nil })
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("should not return an error: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	i := 0
+	fn := func() error {
+		i++
+		return fmt.Errorf("oh no, something went wrong!")
+	}
+	err = retryFunc(2, fn)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("should return an error")
+	}
+	if i != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("The function should have been called 1 times, got %d", i)
+	}
+}

pkg/compose/compose.go

@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	loader "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
+	"github.com/distribution/reference"
 	composetypes "github.com/docker/cli/cli/compose/types"
-	"github.com/docker/distribution/reference"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ func UpdateLabel(pattern, serviceName, label, recipeName string) error {
 
 		discovered := false
 		for oldLabel, value := range service.Deploy.Labels {
-			if strings.HasPrefix(oldLabel, "coop-cloud") {
+			if strings.HasPrefix(oldLabel, "coop-cloud") && strings.Contains(oldLabel, "version") {
 				discovered = true
 
 				bytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(composeFile)

pkg/config/app.go

@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ import (
 // AppEnv is a map of the values in an apps env config
 type AppEnv = map[string]string
 
+// AppModifiers is a map of modifiers in an apps env config
+type AppModifiers = map[string]map[string]string
+
 // AppName is AppName
 type AppName = string
 
@@ -47,36 +50,63 @@ type App struct {
 	Path   string
 }
 
-// StackName gets whatever the docker safe (uses the right delimiting
+// See documentation of config.StackName
-// character, e.g. "_") stack name is for the app. In general, you don't want
-// to use this to show anything to end-users, you want use a.Name instead.
 func (a App) StackName() string {
 	if _, exists := a.Env["STACK_NAME"]; exists {
 		return a.Env["STACK_NAME"]
 	}
 
-	stackName := SanitiseAppName(a.Name)
+	stackName := StackName(a.Name)
-
-	if len(stackName) > 45 {
-		logrus.Debugf("trimming %s to %s to avoid runtime limits", stackName, stackName[:45])
-		stackName = stackName[:45]
-	}
 
 	a.Env["STACK_NAME"] = stackName
 
 	return stackName
 }
 
-// Filters retrieves exact app filters for querying the container runtime. Due
+// StackName gets whatever the docker safe (uses the right delimiting
-// to upstream issues, filtering works different depending on what you're
+// character, e.g. "_") stack name is for the app. In general, you don't want
+// to use this to show anything to end-users, you want use a.Name instead.
+func StackName(appName string) string {
+	stackName := SanitiseAppName(appName)
+
+	if len(stackName) > MAX_SANITISED_APP_NAME_LENGTH {
+		logrus.Debugf("trimming %s to %s to avoid runtime limits", stackName, stackName[:MAX_SANITISED_APP_NAME_LENGTH])
+		stackName = stackName[:MAX_SANITISED_APP_NAME_LENGTH]
+	}
+
+	return stackName
+}
+
+// Filters retrieves app filters for querying the container runtime. By default
+// it filters on all services in the app. It is also possible to pass an
+// otional list of service names, which get filtered instead.
+//
+// Due to upstream issues, filtering works different depending on what you're
 // querying. So, for example, secrets don't work with regex! The caller needs
 // to implement their own validation that the right secrets are matched. In
 // order to handle these cases, we provide the `appendServiceNames` /
 // `exactMatch` modifiers.
-func (a App) Filters(appendServiceNames, exactMatch bool) (filters.Args, error) {
+func (a App) Filters(appendServiceNames, exactMatch bool, services ...string) (filters.Args, error) {
 	filters := filters.NewArgs()
+	if len(services) > 0 {
+		for _, serviceName := range services {
+			filters.Add("name", ServiceFilter(a.StackName(), serviceName, exactMatch))
+		}
+		return filters, nil
+	}
 
-	composeFiles, err := GetAppComposeFiles(a.Recipe, a.Env)
+	// When not appending the service name, just add one filter for the whole
+	// stack.
+	if !appendServiceNames {
+		f := fmt.Sprintf("%s", a.StackName())
+		if exactMatch {
+			f = fmt.Sprintf("^%s", f)
+		}
+		filters.Add("name", f)
+		return filters, nil
+	}
+
+	composeFiles, err := GetComposeFiles(a.Recipe, a.Env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return filters, err
 	}
@@ -88,28 +118,23 @@ func (a App) Filters(appendServiceNames, exactMatch bool) (filters.Args, error)
 	}
 
 	for _, service := range compose.Services {
-		var filter string
+		f := ServiceFilter(a.StackName(), service.Name, exactMatch)
-
+		filters.Add("name", f)
-		if appendServiceNames {
-			if exactMatch {
-				filter = fmt.Sprintf("^%s_%s", a.StackName(), service.Name)
-			} else {
-				filter = fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", a.StackName(), service.Name)
-			}
-		} else {
-			if exactMatch {
-				filter = fmt.Sprintf("^%s", a.StackName())
-			} else {
-				filter = fmt.Sprintf("%s", a.StackName())
-			}
-		}
-
-		filters.Add("name", filter)
 	}
 
 	return filters, nil
 }
 
+// ServiceFilter creates a filter string for filtering a service in the docker
+// container runtime. When exact match is true, it uses regex to match the
+// string exactly.
+func ServiceFilter(stack, service string, exact bool) string {
+	if exact {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("^%s_%s", stack, service)
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", stack, service)
+}
+
 // ByServer sort a slice of Apps
 type ByServer []App
 
@@ -149,7 +174,7 @@ func (a ByName) Less(i, j int) bool {
 	return strings.ToLower(a[i].Name) < strings.ToLower(a[j].Name)
 }
 
-func readAppEnvFile(appFile AppFile, name AppName) (App, error) {
+func ReadAppEnvFile(appFile AppFile, name AppName) (App, error) {
 	env, err := ReadEnv(appFile.Path)
 	if err != nil {
 		return App{}, fmt.Errorf("env file for %s couldn't be read: %s", name, err.Error())
@@ -157,7 +182,7 @@ func readAppEnvFile(appFile AppFile, name AppName) (App, error) {
 
 	logrus.Debugf("read env %s from %s", env, appFile.Path)
 
-	app, err := newApp(env, name, appFile)
+	app, err := NewApp(env, name, appFile)
 	if err != nil {
 		return App{}, fmt.Errorf("env file for %s has issues: %s", name, err.Error())
 	}
@@ -165,8 +190,8 @@ func readAppEnvFile(appFile AppFile, name AppName) (App, error) {
 	return app, nil
 }
 
-// newApp creates new App object
+// NewApp creates new App object
-func newApp(env AppEnv, name string, appFile AppFile) (App, error) {
+func NewApp(env AppEnv, name string, appFile AppFile) (App, error) {
 	domain := env["DOMAIN"]
 
 	recipe, exists := env["RECIPE"]
@@ -232,7 +257,7 @@ func GetApp(apps AppFiles, name AppName) (App, error) {
 		return App{}, fmt.Errorf("cannot find app with name %s", name)
 	}
 
-	app, err := readAppEnvFile(appFile, name)
+	app, err := ReadAppEnvFile(appFile, name)
 	if err != nil {
 		return App{}, err
 	}
@@ -277,7 +302,7 @@ func GetAppServiceNames(appName string) ([]string, error) {
 		return serviceNames, err
 	}
 
-	composeFiles, err := GetAppComposeFiles(app.Recipe, app.Env)
+	composeFiles, err := GetComposeFiles(app.Recipe, app.Env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return serviceNames, err
 	}
@@ -326,11 +351,11 @@ func TemplateAppEnvSample(recipeName, appName, server, domain string) error {
 	}
 
 	appEnvPath := path.Join(ABRA_DIR, "servers", server, fmt.Sprintf("%s.env", appName))
-	if _, err := os.Stat(appEnvPath); os.IsExist(err) {
+	if _, err := os.Stat(appEnvPath); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("%s already exists?", appEnvPath)
 	}
 
-	err = ioutil.WriteFile(appEnvPath, envSample, 0664)
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(appEnvPath, envSample, 0o664)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -437,26 +462,56 @@ func GetAppStatuses(apps []App, MachineReadable bool) (map[string]map[string]str
 	return statuses, nil
 }
 
-// GetAppComposeFiles gets the list of compose files for an app which should be
+// ensurePathExists ensures that a path exists.
-// merged into a composetypes.Config while respecting the COMPOSE_FILE env var.
+func ensurePathExists(path string) error {
-func GetAppComposeFiles(recipe string, appEnv AppEnv) ([]string, error) {
+	if _, err := os.Stat(path); err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GetComposeFiles gets the list of compose files for an app (or recipe if you
+// don't already have an app) which should be merged into a composetypes.Config
+// while respecting the COMPOSE_FILE env var.
+func GetComposeFiles(recipe string, appEnv AppEnv) ([]string, error) {
 	var composeFiles []string
 
-	if _, ok := appEnv["COMPOSE_FILE"]; !ok {
+	composeFileEnvVar, ok := appEnv["COMPOSE_FILE"]
-		logrus.Debug("no COMPOSE_FILE detected, loading compose.yml")
+	if !ok {
 		path := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/compose.yml", RECIPES_DIR, recipe)
+		if err := ensurePathExists(path); err != nil {
+			return composeFiles, err
+		}
+		logrus.Debugf("no COMPOSE_FILE detected, loading default: %s", path)
 		composeFiles = append(composeFiles, path)
 		return composeFiles, nil
 	}
 
-	composeFileEnvVar := appEnv["COMPOSE_FILE"]
+	if !strings.Contains(composeFileEnvVar, ":") {
-	envVars := strings.Split(composeFileEnvVar, ":")
+		path := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/%s", RECIPES_DIR, recipe, composeFileEnvVar)
-	logrus.Debugf("COMPOSE_FILE detected (%s), loading %s", composeFileEnvVar, strings.Join(envVars, ", "))
+		if err := ensurePathExists(path); err != nil {
-	for _, file := range strings.Split(composeFileEnvVar, ":") {
+			return composeFiles, err
+		}
+		logrus.Debugf("COMPOSE_FILE detected, loading %s", path)
+		composeFiles = append(composeFiles, path)
+		return composeFiles, nil
+	}
+
+	numComposeFiles := strings.Count(composeFileEnvVar, ":") + 1
+	envVars := strings.SplitN(composeFileEnvVar, ":", numComposeFiles)
+	if len(envVars) != numComposeFiles {
+		return composeFiles, fmt.Errorf("COMPOSE_FILE (=\"%s\") parsing failed?", composeFileEnvVar)
+	}
+
+	for _, file := range envVars {
 		path := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/%s", RECIPES_DIR, recipe, file)
+		if err := ensurePathExists(path); err != nil {
+			return composeFiles, err
+		}
 		composeFiles = append(composeFiles, path)
 	}
 
+	logrus.Debugf("COMPOSE_FILE detected (%s), loading %s", composeFileEnvVar, strings.Join(envVars, ", "))
 	logrus.Debugf("retrieved %s configs for %s", strings.Join(composeFiles, ", "), recipe)
 
 	return composeFiles, nil
@@ -562,7 +617,7 @@ func GetLabel(compose *composetypes.Config, stackName string, label string) stri
 
 // GetTimeoutFromLabel reads the timeout value from docker label "coop-cloud.${STACK_NAME}.TIMEOUT" and returns 50 as default value
 func GetTimeoutFromLabel(compose *composetypes.Config, stackName string) (int, error) {
-	var timeout = 50 // Default Timeout
+	timeout := 50 // Default Timeout
 	var err error = nil
 	if timeoutLabel := GetLabel(compose, stackName, "timeout"); timeoutLabel != "" {
 		logrus.Debugf("timeout label: %s", timeoutLabel)

pkg/config/app_test.go

@@ -1,36 +1,197 @@
-package config
+package config_test
 
 import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
 	"reflect"
 	"testing"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
+	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
 
 func TestNewApp(t *testing.T) {
-	app, err := newApp(expectedAppEnv, appName, expectedAppFile)
+	app, err := config.NewApp(ExpectedAppEnv, AppName, ExpectedAppFile)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(app, expectedApp) {
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(app, ExpectedApp) {
-		t.Fatalf("did not get expected app type. Expected: %s; Got: %s", app, expectedApp)
+		t.Fatalf("did not get expected app type. Expected: %s; Got: %s", app, ExpectedApp)
 	}
 }
 
 func TestReadAppEnvFile(t *testing.T) {
-	app, err := readAppEnvFile(expectedAppFile, appName)
+	app, err := config.ReadAppEnvFile(ExpectedAppFile, AppName)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(app, expectedApp) {
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(app, ExpectedApp) {
-		t.Fatalf("did not get expected app type. Expected: %s; Got: %s", app, expectedApp)
+		t.Fatalf("did not get expected app type. Expected: %s; Got: %s", app, ExpectedApp)
 	}
 }
 
 func TestGetApp(t *testing.T) {
-	app, err := GetApp(expectedAppFiles, appName)
+	app, err := config.GetApp(ExpectedAppFiles, AppName)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(app, expectedApp) {
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(app, ExpectedApp) {
-		t.Fatalf("did not get expected app type. Expected: %s; Got: %s", app, expectedApp)
+		t.Fatalf("did not get expected app type. Expected: %s; Got: %s", app, ExpectedApp)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetComposeFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	offline := true
+	r, err := recipe.Get("abra-test-recipe", offline)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		appEnv       map[string]string
+		composeFiles []string
+	}{
+		{
+			map[string]string{},
+			[]string{
+				fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/compose.yml", config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			map[string]string{"COMPOSE_FILE": "compose.yml"},
+			[]string{
+				fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/compose.yml", config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			map[string]string{"COMPOSE_FILE": "compose.extra_secret.yml"},
+			[]string{
+				fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/compose.extra_secret.yml", config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			map[string]string{"COMPOSE_FILE": "compose.yml:compose.extra_secret.yml"},
+			[]string{
+				fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/compose.yml", config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name),
+				fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/compose.extra_secret.yml", config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name),
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		composeFiles, err := config.GetComposeFiles(r.Name, test.appEnv)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		assert.Equal(t, composeFiles, test.composeFiles)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetComposeFilesError(t *testing.T) {
+	offline := true
+	r, err := recipe.Get("abra-test-recipe", offline)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct{ appEnv map[string]string }{
+		{map[string]string{"COMPOSE_FILE": "compose.yml::compose.foo.yml"}},
+		{map[string]string{"COMPOSE_FILE": "doesnt.exist.yml"}},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		_, err := config.GetComposeFiles(r.Name, test.appEnv)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("should have failed: %v", test.appEnv)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFilters(t *testing.T) {
+	oldDir := config.RECIPES_DIR
+	config.RECIPES_DIR = "./testdir"
+	defer func() {
+		config.RECIPES_DIR = oldDir
+	}()
+
+	app, err := config.NewApp(config.AppEnv{
+		"DOMAIN": "test.example.com",
+		"RECIPE": "test-recipe",
+	}, "test_example_com", config.AppFile{
+		Path:   "./testdir/filtertest.end",
+		Server: "local",
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	f, err := app.Filters(false, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	compareFilter(t, f, map[string]map[string]bool{
+		"name": {
+			"test_example_com": true,
+		},
+	})
+
+	f2, err := app.Filters(false, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	compareFilter(t, f2, map[string]map[string]bool{
+		"name": {
+			"^test_example_com": true,
+		},
+	})
+
+	f3, err := app.Filters(true, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	compareFilter(t, f3, map[string]map[string]bool{
+		"name": {
+			"test_example_com_bar": true,
+			"test_example_com_foo": true,
+		},
+	})
+
+	f4, err := app.Filters(true, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	compareFilter(t, f4, map[string]map[string]bool{
+		"name": {
+			"^test_example_com_bar": true,
+			"^test_example_com_foo": true,
+		},
+	})
+
+	f5, err := app.Filters(false, false, "foo")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	compareFilter(t, f5, map[string]map[string]bool{
+		"name": {
+			"test_example_com_foo": true,
+		},
+	})
+}
+
+func compareFilter(t *testing.T, f1 filters.Args, f2 map[string]map[string]bool) {
+	t.Helper()
+	j1, err := f1.MarshalJSON()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	j2, err := json.Marshal(f2)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	if diff := cmp.Diff(string(j2), string(j1)); diff != "" {
+		t.Errorf("filters mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
 	}
 }

pkg/config/env.go

@@ -8,13 +8,24 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"path"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"regexp"
+	"sort"
 	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/Autonomic-Cooperative/godotenv"
+	"git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/godotenv"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
-var ABRA_DIR = os.ExpandEnv("$HOME/.abra")
+// getBaseDir retrieves the Abra base directory.
+func getBaseDir() string {
+	home := os.ExpandEnv("$HOME/.abra")
+	if customAbraDir, exists := os.LookupEnv("ABRA_DIR"); exists && customAbraDir != "" {
+		home = customAbraDir
+	}
+	return home
+}
+
+var ABRA_DIR = getBaseDir()
 var SERVERS_DIR = path.Join(ABRA_DIR, "servers")
 var RECIPES_DIR = path.Join(ABRA_DIR, "recipes")
 var VENDOR_DIR = path.Join(ABRA_DIR, "vendor")
@@ -25,6 +36,16 @@ var REPOS_BASE_URL = "https://git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud"
 var CATALOGUE_JSON_REPO_NAME = "recipes-catalogue-json"
 var SSH_URL_TEMPLATE = "ssh://git@git.coopcloud.tech:2222/coop-cloud/%s.git"
 
+const MAX_SANITISED_APP_NAME_LENGTH = 45
+const MAX_DOCKER_SECRET_LENGTH = 64
+
+var BackupbotLabel = "coop-cloud.backupbot.enabled"
+
+// envVarModifiers is a list of env var modifier strings. These are added to
+// env vars as comments and modify their processing by Abra, e.g. determining
+// how long secrets should be.
+var envVarModifiers = []string{"length"}
+
 // GetServers retrieves all servers.
 func GetServers() ([]string, error) {
 	var servers []string
@@ -41,16 +62,30 @@ func GetServers() ([]string, error) {
 
 // ReadEnv loads an app envivornment into a map.
 func ReadEnv(filePath string) (AppEnv, error) {
-	var envFile AppEnv
+	var envVars AppEnv
 
-	envFile, err := godotenv.Read(filePath)
+	envVars, _, err := godotenv.Read(filePath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	logrus.Debugf("read %s from %s", envFile, filePath)
+	logrus.Debugf("read %s from %s", envVars, filePath)
 
-	return envFile, nil
+	return envVars, nil
+}
+
+// ReadEnv loads an app envivornment and their modifiers in two different maps.
+func ReadEnvWithModifiers(filePath string) (AppEnv, AppModifiers, error) {
+	var envVars AppEnv
+
+	envVars, mods, err := godotenv.Read(filePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, mods, err
+	}
+
+	logrus.Debugf("read %s from %s", envVars, filePath)
+
+	return envVars, mods, nil
 }
 
 // ReadServerNames retrieves all server names.
@@ -140,22 +175,107 @@ func ReadAbraShEnvVars(abraSh string) (map[string]string, error) {
 		}
 		return envVars, err
 	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	exportRegex, err := regexp.Compile(`^export\s+(\w+=\w+)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		return envVars, err
+	}
 
 	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(file)
 	for scanner.Scan() {
-		line := scanner.Text()
+		txt := scanner.Text()
-		if strings.Contains(line, "export") {
+		if exportRegex.MatchString(txt) {
-			splitVals := strings.Split(line, "export ")
+			splitVals := strings.Split(txt, "export ")
 			envVarDef := splitVals[len(splitVals)-1]
 			keyVal := strings.Split(envVarDef, "=")
 			if len(keyVal) != 2 {
-				return envVars, fmt.Errorf("couldn't parse %s", line)
+				return envVars, fmt.Errorf("couldn't parse %s", txt)
 			}
 			envVars[keyVal[0]] = keyVal[1]
 		}
 	}
 
+	if len(envVars) > 0 {
 		logrus.Debugf("read %s from %s", envVars, abraSh)
+	} else {
+		logrus.Debugf("read 0 env var exports from %s", abraSh)
+	}
 
 	return envVars, nil
 }
+
+type EnvVar struct {
+	Name    string
+	Present bool
+}
+
+func CheckEnv(app App) ([]EnvVar, error) {
+	var envVars []EnvVar
+
+	envSamplePath := path.Join(RECIPES_DIR, app.Recipe, ".env.sample")
+	if _, err := os.Stat(envSamplePath); err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return envVars, fmt.Errorf("%s does not exist?", envSamplePath)
+		}
+		return envVars, err
+	}
+
+	envSample, err := ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return envVars, err
+	}
+
+	var keys []string
+	for key := range envSample {
+		keys = append(keys, key)
+	}
+
+	sort.Strings(keys)
+
+	for _, key := range keys {
+		if _, ok := app.Env[key]; ok {
+			envVars = append(envVars, EnvVar{Name: key, Present: true})
+		} else {
+			envVars = append(envVars, EnvVar{Name: key, Present: false})
+		}
+	}
+
+	return envVars, nil
+}
+
+// ReadAbraShCmdNames reads the names of commands.
+func ReadAbraShCmdNames(abraSh string) ([]string, error) {
+	var cmdNames []string
+
+	file, err := os.Open(abraSh)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return cmdNames, nil
+		}
+		return cmdNames, err
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	cmdNameRegex, err := regexp.Compile(`(\w+)(\(\).*\{)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		return cmdNames, err
+	}
+
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(file)
+	for scanner.Scan() {
+		line := scanner.Text()
+		matches := cmdNameRegex.FindStringSubmatch(line)
+		if len(matches) > 0 {
+			cmdNames = append(cmdNames, matches[1])
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(cmdNames) > 0 {
+		logrus.Debugf("read %s from %s", strings.Join(cmdNames, " "), abraSh)
+	} else {
+		logrus.Debugf("read 0 command names from %s", abraSh)
+	}
+
+	return cmdNames, nil
+}

pkg/config/env_test.go

@@ -1,60 +1,69 @@
-package config
+package config_test
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path"
 	"reflect"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
+
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
 )
 
-var testFolder = os.ExpandEnv("$PWD/../../tests/resources/test_folder")
+var (
-var validAbraConf = os.ExpandEnv("$PWD/../../tests/resources/valid_abra_config")
+	TestFolder    = os.ExpandEnv("$PWD/../../tests/resources/test_folder")
+	ValidAbraConf = os.ExpandEnv("$PWD/../../tests/resources/valid_abra_config")
+)
 
 // make sure these are in alphabetical order
-var tFolders = []string{"folder1", "folder2"}
+var (
-var tFiles = []string{"bar.env", "foo.env"}
+	TFolders = []string{"folder1", "folder2"}
+	TFiles   = []string{"bar.env", "foo.env"}
+)
 
-var appName = "ecloud"
+var (
-var serverName = "evil.corp"
+	AppName    = "ecloud"
+	ServerName = "evil.corp"
+)
 
-var expectedAppEnv = AppEnv{
+var ExpectedAppEnv = config.AppEnv{
 	"DOMAIN": "ecloud.evil.corp",
 	"RECIPE": "ecloud",
 }
 
-var expectedApp = App{
+var ExpectedApp = config.App{
-	Name:   appName,
+	Name:   AppName,
-	Recipe: expectedAppEnv["RECIPE"],
+	Recipe: ExpectedAppEnv["RECIPE"],
-	Domain: expectedAppEnv["DOMAIN"],
+	Domain: ExpectedAppEnv["DOMAIN"],
-	Env:    expectedAppEnv,
+	Env:    ExpectedAppEnv,
-	Path:   expectedAppFile.Path,
+	Path:   ExpectedAppFile.Path,
-	Server: expectedAppFile.Server,
+	Server: ExpectedAppFile.Server,
 }
 
-var expectedAppFile = AppFile{
+var ExpectedAppFile = config.AppFile{
-	Path:   path.Join(validAbraConf, "servers", serverName, appName+".env"),
+	Path:   path.Join(ValidAbraConf, "servers", ServerName, AppName+".env"),
-	Server: serverName,
+	Server: ServerName,
 }
 
-var expectedAppFiles = map[string]AppFile{
+var ExpectedAppFiles = map[string]config.AppFile{
-	appName: expectedAppFile,
+	AppName: ExpectedAppFile,
 }
 
-// var expectedServerNames = []string{"evil.corp"}
-
 func TestGetAllFoldersInDirectory(t *testing.T) {
-	folders, err := GetAllFoldersInDirectory(testFolder)
+	folders, err := config.GetAllFoldersInDirectory(TestFolder)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(folders, tFolders) {
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(folders, TFolders) {
-		t.Fatalf("did not get expected folders. Expected: (%s), Got: (%s)", strings.Join(tFolders, ","), strings.Join(folders, ","))
+		t.Fatalf("did not get expected folders. Expected: (%s), Got: (%s)", strings.Join(TFolders, ","), strings.Join(folders, ","))
 	}
 }
 
 func TestGetAllFilesInDirectory(t *testing.T) {
-	files, err := GetAllFilesInDirectory(testFolder)
+	files, err := config.GetAllFilesInDirectory(TestFolder)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -62,23 +71,205 @@ func TestGetAllFilesInDirectory(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, file := range files {
 		fileNames = append(fileNames, file.Name())
 	}
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(fileNames, tFiles) {
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(fileNames, TFiles) {
-		t.Fatalf("did not get expected files. Expected: (%s), Got: (%s)", strings.Join(tFiles, ","), strings.Join(fileNames, ","))
+		t.Fatalf("did not get expected files. Expected: (%s), Got: (%s)", strings.Join(TFiles, ","), strings.Join(fileNames, ","))
 	}
 }
 
 func TestReadEnv(t *testing.T) {
-	env, err := ReadEnv(expectedAppFile.Path)
+	env, err := config.ReadEnv(ExpectedAppFile.Path)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(env, expectedAppEnv) {
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(env, ExpectedAppEnv) {
 		t.Fatalf(
 			"did not get expected application settings. Expected: DOMAIN=%s RECIPE=%s; Got: DOMAIN=%s RECIPE=%s",
-			expectedAppEnv["DOMAIN"],
+			ExpectedAppEnv["DOMAIN"],
-			expectedAppEnv["RECIPE"],
+			ExpectedAppEnv["RECIPE"],
 			env["DOMAIN"],
 			env["RECIPE"],
 		)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestReadAbraShEnvVars(t *testing.T) {
+	offline := true
+	r, err := recipe.Get("abra-test-recipe", offline)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	abraShPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/%s", config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name, "abra.sh")
+	abraShEnv, err := config.ReadAbraShEnvVars(abraShPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if len(abraShEnv) == 0 {
+		t.Error("at least one env var should be exported")
+	}
+
+	if _, ok := abraShEnv["INNER_FOO"]; ok {
+		t.Error("INNER_FOO should not be exported")
+	}
+
+	if _, ok := abraShEnv["INNER_BAZ"]; ok {
+		t.Error("INNER_BAZ should not be exported")
+	}
+
+	if _, ok := abraShEnv["OUTER_FOO"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("OUTER_FOO should be exported")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestReadAbraShCmdNames(t *testing.T) {
+	offline := true
+	r, err := recipe.Get("abra-test-recipe", offline)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	abraShPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/%s", config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name, "abra.sh")
+	cmdNames, err := config.ReadAbraShCmdNames(abraShPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if len(cmdNames) == 0 {
+		t.Error("at least one command name should be found")
+	}
+
+	expectedCmdNames := []string{"test_cmd", "test_cmd_args"}
+	for _, cmdName := range expectedCmdNames {
+		if !slices.Contains(cmdNames, cmdName) {
+			t.Fatalf("%s should have been found in %s", cmdName, abraShPath)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCheckEnv(t *testing.T) {
+	offline := true
+	r, err := recipe.Get("abra-test-recipe", offline)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name, ".env.sample")
+	envSample, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	app := config.App{
+		Name:   "test-app",
+		Recipe: r.Name,
+		Domain: "example.com",
+		Env:    envSample,
+		Path:   "example.com.env",
+		Server: "example.com",
+	}
+
+	envVars, err := config.CheckEnv(app)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	for _, envVar := range envVars {
+		if !envVar.Present {
+			t.Fatalf("%s should be present", envVar.Name)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCheckEnvError(t *testing.T) {
+	offline := true
+	r, err := recipe.Get("abra-test-recipe", offline)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name, ".env.sample")
+	envSample, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	delete(envSample, "DOMAIN")
+
+	app := config.App{
+		Name:   "test-app",
+		Recipe: r.Name,
+		Domain: "example.com",
+		Env:    envSample,
+		Path:   "example.com.env",
+		Server: "example.com",
+	}
+
+	envVars, err := config.CheckEnv(app)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	for _, envVar := range envVars {
+		if envVar.Name == "DOMAIN" && envVar.Present {
+			t.Fatalf("%s should not be present", envVar.Name)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEnvVarCommentsRemoved(t *testing.T) {
+	offline := true
+	r, err := recipe.Get("abra-test-recipe", offline)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name, ".env.sample")
+	envSample, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	envVar, exists := envSample["WITH_COMMENT"]
+	if !exists {
+		t.Fatal("WITH_COMMENT env var should be present in .env.sample")
+	}
+
+	if strings.Contains(envVar, "should be removed") {
+		t.Fatalf("comment from '%s' should be removed", envVar)
+	}
+
+	envVar, exists = envSample["SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION"]
+	if !exists {
+		t.Fatal("WITH_COMMENT env var should be present in .env.sample")
+	}
+
+	if strings.Contains(envVar, "length") {
+		t.Fatal("comment from env var SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION should have been removed")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEnvVarModifiersIncluded(t *testing.T) {
+	offline := true
+	r, err := recipe.Get("abra-test-recipe", offline)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name, ".env.sample")
+	envSample, modifiers, err := config.ReadEnvWithModifiers(envSamplePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if !strings.Contains(envSample["SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION"], "v1") {
+		t.Errorf("value should be 'v1', got: '%s'", envSample["SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION"])
+	}
+	if modifiers == nil || modifiers["SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION"] == nil {
+		t.Errorf("no modifiers included")
+	} else {
+		if modifiers["SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION"]["length"] != "10" {
+			t.Errorf("length modifier should be '10', got: '%s'", modifiers["SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION"]["length"])
+		}
+	}
+}

pkg/config/testdir/filtertest.env

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+RECIPE=test-recipe
+DOMAIN=test.example.com

pkg/config/testdir/test-recipe/compose.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+version: "3.8"
+services:
+  foo:
+    image: debian
+  bar:
+    image: debian

pkg/container/container.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
 	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
+	containerTypes "github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/client"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ import (
 // count of containers does not match 1, then a prompt is presented to let the
 // user choose. A count of 0 is handled gracefully.
 func GetContainer(c context.Context, cl *client.Client, filters filters.Args, noInput bool) (types.Container, error) {
-	containerOpts := types.ContainerListOptions{Filters: filters}
+	containerOpts := containerTypes.ListOptions{Filters: filters}
 	containers, err := cl.ContainerList(c, containerOpts)
 	if err != nil {
 		return types.Container{}, err
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ func GetContainer(c context.Context, cl *client.Client, filters filters.Args, no
 		return types.Container{}, fmt.Errorf("no containers matching the %v filter found?", filter)
 	}
 
-	if len(containers) != 1 {
+	if len(containers) > 1 {
 		var containersRaw []string
 		for _, container := range containers {
 			containerName := strings.Join(container.Names, " ")
@@ -68,3 +69,15 @@ func GetContainer(c context.Context, cl *client.Client, filters filters.Args, no
 
 	return containers[0], nil
 }
+
+// GetContainerFromStackAndService retrieves the container for the given stack and service.
+func GetContainerFromStackAndService(cl *client.Client, stack, service string) (types.Container, error) {
+	filters := filters.NewArgs()
+	filters.Add("name", fmt.Sprintf("^%s_%s", stack, service))
+
+	container, err := GetContainer(context.Background(), cl, filters, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		return types.Container{}, err
+	}
+	return container, nil
+}

pkg/dns/dns.go

@@ -3,39 +3,20 @@ package dns
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
-	"os"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
-// NewToken constructs a new DNS provider token.
-func NewToken(provider, providerTokenEnvVar string) (string, error) {
-	if token, present := os.LookupEnv(providerTokenEnvVar); present {
-		return token, nil
-	}
-
-	logrus.Debugf("no %s in environment, asking via stdin", providerTokenEnvVar)
-
-	var token string
-	prompt := &survey.Input{
-		Message: fmt.Sprintf("%s API token?", provider),
-	}
-	if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &token); err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-
-	return token, nil
-}
-
 // EnsureIPv4 ensures that an ipv4 address is set for a domain name
 func EnsureIPv4(domainName string) (string, error) {
-	ipv4, err := net.ResolveIPAddr("ip", domainName)
+	ipv4, err := net.ResolveIPAddr("ip4", domainName)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
 
+	// NOTE(d1): e.g. when there is only an ipv6 record available
+	if ipv4 == nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("unable to resolve ipv4 address for %s", domainName)
+	}
+
 	return ipv4.String(), nil
 }
 
@@ -72,12 +53,3 @@ func EnsureDomainsResolveSameIPv4(domainName, server string) (string, error) {
 
 	return ipv4, nil
 }
-
-// GetTTL parses a ttl string into a duration
-func GetTTL(ttl string) (time.Duration, error) {
-	val, err := time.ParseDuration(ttl)
-	if err != nil {
-		return val, err
-	}
-	return val, nil
-}

pkg/dns/dns_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+package dns
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gotest.tools/v3/assert"
+)
+
+func TestEnsureDomainsResolveSameIPv4(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		domainName     string
+		serverName     string
+		shouldValidate bool
+	}{
+		// NOTE(d1): DNS records get checked, so use something that is maintained
+		// within the federation. if you're here because of a failing test, try
+		// `dig +short <domain>` to ensure stuff matches first! If flakyness
+		// becomes an issue we can look into mocking
+		{"docs.coopcloud.tech", "coopcloud.tech", true},
+		{"docs.coopcloud.tech", "swarm.autonomic.zone", true},
+
+		// NOTE(d1): special case handling for "--local"
+		{"", "default", true},
+		{"", "local", true},
+
+		{"", "", false},
+		{"123", "", false},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		_, err := EnsureDomainsResolveSameIPv4(test.domainName, test.serverName)
+		if err != nil && test.shouldValidate {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if err == nil && !test.shouldValidate {
+			t.Fatal(fmt.Errorf("should have failed but did not: %v", test))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEnsureIpv4(t *testing.T) {
+	// NOTE(d1): DNS records get checked, so use something that is maintained
+	// within the federation. if you're here because of a failing test, try `dig
+	// +short <domain>` to ensure stuff matches first! If flakyness becomes an
+	// issue we can look into mocking
+	domainName := "collabora.ostrom.collective.tools"
+	serverName := "ostrom.collective.tools"
+
+	for i := 0; i < 15; i++ {
+		domainIpv4, err := EnsureIPv4(domainName)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		serverIpv4, err := EnsureIPv4(serverName)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		assert.Equal(t, domainIpv4, serverIpv4)
+	}
+}

pkg/dns/gandi/gandi.go

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-package gandi
-
-import (
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/dns"
-	"github.com/libdns/gandi"
-)
-
-// New constructs a new DNs provider.
-func New() (gandi.Provider, error) {
-	token, err := dns.NewToken("Gandi", "GANDI_TOKEN")
-	if err != nil {
-		return gandi.Provider{}, err
-	}
-	return gandi.Provider{APIToken: token}, nil
-}

pkg/git/add.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package git
+
+import (
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// Add adds a file to the git index.
+func Add(repoPath, path string, dryRun bool) error {
+	repo, err := git.PlainOpen(repoPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	worktree, err := repo.Worktree()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if dryRun {
+		logrus.Debugf("dry run: adding %s", path)
+	} else {
+		worktree.Add(path)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

pkg/git/commit.go

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 // Commit runs a git commit
-func Commit(repoPath, glob, commitMessage string, dryRun bool) error {
+func Commit(repoPath, commitMessage string, dryRun bool) error {
 	if commitMessage == "" {
 		return fmt.Errorf("no commit message specified?")
 	}
@@ -33,17 +33,8 @@ func Commit(repoPath, glob, commitMessage string, dryRun bool) error {
 	}
 
 	if !dryRun {
-		err = commitWorktree.AddGlob(glob)
+		// NOTE(d1): `All: true` does not include untracked files
-		if err != nil {
+		_, err = commitWorktree.Commit(commitMessage, &git.CommitOptions{All: true})
-			return err
-		}
-		logrus.Debugf("staged %s for commit", glob)
-	} else {
-		logrus.Debugf("dry run: did not stage %s for commit", glob)
-	}
-
-	if !dryRun {
-		_, err = commitWorktree.Commit(commitMessage, &git.CommitOptions{})
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}

pkg/git/diff.go

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package git
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os/exec"
+
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// getGitDiffArgs builds the `git diff` invocation args. It removes the usage
+// of a pager and ensures that colours are specified even when Git might detect
+// otherwise.
+func getGitDiffArgs(repoPath string) []string {
+	return []string{
+		"-C",
+		repoPath,
+		"--no-pager",
+		"-c",
+		"color.diff=always",
+		"diff",
+	}
+}
+
+// DiffUnstaged shows a `git diff`. Due to limitations in the underlying go-git
+// library, this implementation requires the /usr/bin/git binary. It gracefully
+// skips if it cannot find the command on the system.
+func DiffUnstaged(path string) error {
+	if _, err := exec.LookPath("git"); err != nil {
+		logrus.Warnf("unable to locate git command, cannot output diff")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	gitDiffArgs := getGitDiffArgs(path)
+	diff, err := exec.Command("git", gitDiffArgs...).Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	fmt.Print(string(diff))
+
+	return nil
+}

pkg/jsontable/jsontable.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package jsontable
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter"
 )
@@ -109,6 +110,9 @@ func (t *JSONTable) _JSONRenderInner() {
 		}
 		writeChar(t.out, '{')
 		for keyidx, key := range t.keys {
+			key := strings.ToLower(key)
+			key = strings.ReplaceAll(key, " ", "-")
+
 			value := "nil"
 			if keyidx < len(row) {
 				value = row[keyidx]
@@ -138,10 +142,8 @@ func (t *JSONTable) JSONRender() {
 
 		if t.hasCaption {
 			fmt.Fprintf(t.out, "\"%s\":\"%s\",", t.captionLabel, t.caption)
-
 		}
 		fmt.Fprintf(t.out, "\"%s\":", t.dataLabel)
-
 	}
 
 	// write list
@@ -191,6 +193,12 @@ func (t *JSONTable) SetAutoMergeCellsByColumnIndex(cols []int) {
 	t.tbl.SetAutoMergeCellsByColumnIndex(cols)
 }
 
+// Stuff we should implement but we just proxy for now.
+func (t *JSONTable) SetAlignment(align int) {
+	// FIXME
+	t.tbl.SetAlignment(align)
+}
+
 func (t *JSONTable) SetAutoMergeCells(auto bool) {
 	// FIXME
 	t.tbl.SetAutoMergeCells(auto)

pkg/lint/recipe.go

@@ -9,9 +9,8 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
 	recipePkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/recipe"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
-	"github.com/docker/distribution/reference"
+	"github.com/distribution/reference"
 	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
 	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/plumbing"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
@@ -116,6 +115,13 @@ var LintRules = map[string][]LintRule{
 			HowToResolve: "upload your recipe to git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/...",
 			Function:     LintHasRecipeRepo,
 		},
+		{
+			Ref:          "R015",
+			Level:        "warn",
+			Description:  "long secret names",
+			HowToResolve: "reduce length of secret names to 12 chars",
+			Function:     LintSecretLengths,
+		},
 	},
 	"error": {
 		{
@@ -334,11 +340,7 @@ func LintImagePresent(recipe recipe.Recipe) (bool, error) {
 }
 
 func LintHasPublishedVersion(recipe recipe.Recipe) (bool, error) {
-	// defaults since we can't take arguments here... this means this lint rule
+	catl, err := recipePkg.ReadRecipeCatalogue(false)
-	// always access the network if e.g. the catalogue needs cloning / updating
-	conf := runtime.New()
-
-	catl, err := recipePkg.ReadRecipeCatalogue(conf)
 	if err != nil {
 		logrus.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -406,6 +408,16 @@ func LintHasRecipeRepo(recipe recipe.Recipe) (bool, error) {
 	return true, nil
 }
 
+func LintSecretLengths(recipe recipe.Recipe) (bool, error) {
+	for name := range recipe.Config.Secrets {
+		if len(name) > 12 {
+			return false, fmt.Errorf("secret %s is longer than 12 characters", name)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true, nil
+}
+
 func LintValidTags(recipe recipe.Recipe) (bool, error) {
 	recipeDir := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipe.Name)
 

pkg/recipe/recipe.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"path"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"slices"
 	"sort"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
@@ -17,15 +18,13 @@ import (
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/formatter"
 	gitPkg "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/git"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/limit"
-	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/runtime"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	loader "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/web"
 	"coopcloud.tech/tagcmp"
+	"github.com/distribution/reference"
 	composetypes "github.com/docker/cli/cli/compose/types"
-	"github.com/docker/distribution/reference"
 	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
-	gitConfig "github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/config"
 	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/plumbing"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
@@ -33,7 +32,7 @@ import (
 // RecipeCatalogueURL is the only current recipe catalogue available.
 const RecipeCatalogueURL = "https://recipes.coopcloud.tech/recipes.json"
 
-// ReposMetadataURL is the recipe repository metadata
+// ReposMetadataURL is the recipe repository metadata.
 const ReposMetadataURL = "https://git.coopcloud.tech/api/v1/orgs/coop-cloud/repos"
 
 // tag represents a git tag.
@@ -65,6 +64,11 @@ type RecipeMeta struct {
 	Website       string         `json:"website"`
 }
 
+// TopicMeta represents a list of topics for a repository.
+type TopicMeta struct {
+	Topics []string `json:"topics"`
+}
+
 // LatestVersion returns the latest version of a recipe.
 func (r RecipeMeta) LatestVersion() string {
 	var version string
@@ -207,8 +211,8 @@ func (r Recipe) Tags() ([]string, error) {
 }
 
 // Get retrieves a recipe.
-func Get(recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) (Recipe, error) {
+func Get(recipeName string, offline bool) (Recipe, error) {
-	if err := EnsureExists(recipeName, conf); err != nil {
+	if err := EnsureExists(recipeName); err != nil {
 		return Recipe{}, err
 	}
 
@@ -234,11 +238,12 @@ func Get(recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) (Recipe, error) {
 		return Recipe{}, err
 	}
 
-	meta, err := GetRecipeMeta(recipeName, conf)
+	meta, err := GetRecipeMeta(recipeName, offline)
 	if err != nil {
-		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "does not exist") {
+		switch err.(type) {
+		case RecipeMissingFromCatalogue:
 			meta = RecipeMeta{}
-		} else {
+		default:
 			return Recipe{}, err
 		}
 	}
@@ -250,15 +255,34 @@ func Get(recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) (Recipe, error) {
 	}, nil
 }
 
+func (r Recipe) SampleEnv() (map[string]string, error) {
+	envSamplePath := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, r.Name, ".env.sample")
+	sampleEnv, err := config.ReadEnv(envSamplePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return sampleEnv, fmt.Errorf("unable to discover .env.sample for %s", r.Name)
+	}
+	return sampleEnv, nil
+}
+
+// Ensure makes sure the recipe exists, is up to date and has the latest version checked out.
+func Ensure(recipeName string) error {
+	if err := EnsureExists(recipeName); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := EnsureUpToDate(recipeName); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := EnsureLatest(recipeName); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // EnsureExists ensures that a recipe is locally cloned
-func EnsureExists(recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) error {
+func EnsureExists(recipeName string) error {
 	recipeDir := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipeName)
 
 	if _, err := os.Stat(recipeDir); os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		if conf.Offline {
-			return fmt.Errorf("no local copy of %s available, network access required", recipeName)
-		}
-
 		logrus.Debugf("%s does not exist, attemmpting to clone", recipeDir)
 		url := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s.git", config.REPOS_BASE_URL, recipeName)
 		if err := gitPkg.Clone(recipeDir, url); err != nil {
@@ -277,15 +301,6 @@ func EnsureExists(recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) error {
 func EnsureVersion(recipeName, version string) error {
 	recipeDir := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipeName)
 
-	isClean, err := gitPkg.IsClean(recipeDir)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if !isClean {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%s has locally unstaged changes", recipeName)
-	}
-
 	if err := gitPkg.EnsureGitRepo(recipeDir); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -312,7 +327,10 @@ func EnsureVersion(recipeName, version string) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	logrus.Debugf("read %s as tags for recipe %s", strings.Join(parsedTags, ", "), recipeName)
+	joinedTags := strings.Join(parsedTags, ", ")
+	if joinedTags != "" {
+		logrus.Debugf("read %s as tags for recipe %s", joinedTags, recipeName)
+	}
 
 	if tagRef.String() == "" {
 		return fmt.Errorf("the local copy of %s doesn't seem to have version %s available?", recipeName, version)
@@ -337,25 +355,31 @@ func EnsureVersion(recipeName, version string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// EnsureLatest makes sure the latest commit is checked out for a local recipe repository
+// EnsureIsClean makes sure that the recipe repository has no unstaged changes.
-func EnsureLatest(recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) error {
+func EnsureIsClean(recipeName string) error {
 	recipeDir := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipeName)
 
 	isClean, err := gitPkg.IsClean(recipeDir)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return fmt.Errorf("unable to check git clean status in %s: %s", recipeDir, err)
 	}
 
 	if !isClean {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%s has locally unstaged changes", recipeName)
+		msg := "%s (%s) has locally unstaged changes? please commit/remove your changes before proceeding"
+		return fmt.Errorf(msg, recipeName, recipeDir)
 	}
 
+	return nil
+}
+
+// EnsureLatest makes sure the latest commit is checked out for a local recipe repository
+func EnsureLatest(recipeName string) error {
+	recipeDir := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipeName)
+
 	if err := gitPkg.EnsureGitRepo(recipeDir); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	logrus.Debugf("attempting to open git repository in %s", recipeDir)
-
 	repo, err := git.PlainOpen(recipeDir)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -366,21 +390,11 @@ func EnsureLatest(recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	meta, err := GetRecipeMeta(recipeName, conf)
+	branch, err := gitPkg.GetDefaultBranch(repo, recipeDir)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	var branch plumbing.ReferenceName
-	if meta.DefaultBranch != "" {
-		branch = plumbing.ReferenceName(fmt.Sprintf("refs/heads/%s", meta.DefaultBranch))
-	} else {
-		branch, err = gitPkg.GetDefaultBranch(repo, recipeDir)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
 	checkOutOpts := &git.CheckoutOptions{
 		Create: false,
 		Force:  true,
@@ -437,7 +451,7 @@ func GetVersionLabelLocal(recipe Recipe) (string, error) {
 
 	for _, service := range recipe.Config.Services {
 		for label, value := range service.Deploy.Labels {
-			if strings.HasPrefix(label, "coop-cloud") {
+			if strings.HasPrefix(label, "coop-cloud") && strings.Contains(label, "version") {
 				return value, nil
 			}
 		}
@@ -583,24 +597,9 @@ func GetStringInBetween(recipeName, str, start, end string) (result string, err
 }
 
 // EnsureUpToDate ensures that the local repo is synced to the remote
-func EnsureUpToDate(recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) error {
+func EnsureUpToDate(recipeName string) error {
 	recipeDir := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipeName)
 
-	isClean, err := gitPkg.IsClean(recipeDir)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unable to check git clean status in %s: %s", recipeDir, err)
-	}
-
-	if !isClean {
-		msg := "%s (%s) has locally unstaged changes? please commit/remove your changes before proceeding"
-		return fmt.Errorf(msg, recipeName, recipeDir)
-	}
-
-	if conf.Offline {
-		logrus.Debug("attempting to use local recipe without access network (\"--offline\")")
-		return nil
-	}
-
 	repo, err := git.PlainOpen(recipeDir)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("unable to open %s: %s", recipeDir, err)
@@ -626,12 +625,7 @@ func EnsureUpToDate(recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("unable to check out default branch in %s: %s", recipeDir, err)
 	}
 
-	fetchOpts := &git.FetchOptions{
+	fetchOpts := &git.FetchOptions{Tags: git.AllTags}
-		Tags: git.AllTags,
-		RefSpecs: []gitConfig.RefSpec{
-			gitConfig.RefSpec(fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", branch, branch)),
-		},
-	}
 	if err := repo.Fetch(fetchOpts); err != nil {
 		if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "already up-to-date") {
 			return fmt.Errorf("unable to fetch tags in %s: %s", recipeDir, err)
@@ -656,16 +650,18 @@ func EnsureUpToDate(recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) error {
 }
 
 // ReadRecipeCatalogue reads the recipe catalogue.
-func ReadRecipeCatalogue(conf *runtime.Config) (RecipeCatalogue, error) {
+func ReadRecipeCatalogue(offline bool) (RecipeCatalogue, error) {
 	recipes := make(RecipeCatalogue)
 
-	if err := catalogue.EnsureCatalogue(conf); err != nil {
+	if err := catalogue.EnsureCatalogue(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	if err := catalogue.EnsureUpToDate(conf); err != nil {
+	if !offline {
+		if err := catalogue.EnsureUpToDate(); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
+	}
 
 	if err := readRecipeCatalogueFS(&recipes); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -691,10 +687,10 @@ func readRecipeCatalogueFS(target interface{}) error {
 }
 
 // VersionsOfService lists the version of a service.
-func VersionsOfService(recipe, serviceName string, conf *runtime.Config) ([]string, error) {
+func VersionsOfService(recipe, serviceName string, offline bool) ([]string, error) {
 	var versions []string
 
-	catalogue, err := ReadRecipeCatalogue(conf)
+	catalogue, err := ReadRecipeCatalogue(offline)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -719,20 +715,26 @@ func VersionsOfService(recipe, serviceName string, conf *runtime.Config) ([]stri
 	return versions, nil
 }
 
+// RecipeMissingFromCatalogue signifies a recipe is not present in the catalogue.
+type RecipeMissingFromCatalogue struct{ err string }
+
+// Error outputs the error message.
+func (r RecipeMissingFromCatalogue) Error() string {
+	return r.err
+}
+
 // GetRecipeMeta retrieves the recipe metadata from the recipe catalogue.
-func GetRecipeMeta(recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) (RecipeMeta, error) {
+func GetRecipeMeta(recipeName string, offline bool) (RecipeMeta, error) {
-	catl, err := ReadRecipeCatalogue(conf)
+	catl, err := ReadRecipeCatalogue(offline)
 	if err != nil {
 		return RecipeMeta{}, err
 	}
 
 	recipeMeta, ok := catl[recipeName]
 	if !ok {
-		return RecipeMeta{}, fmt.Errorf("recipe %s does not exist?", recipeName)
+		return RecipeMeta{}, RecipeMissingFromCatalogue{
+			err: fmt.Sprintf("recipe %s does not exist?", recipeName),
 		}
-
-	if err := EnsureExists(recipeName, conf); err != nil {
-		return RecipeMeta{}, err
 	}
 
 	logrus.Debugf("recipe metadata retrieved for %s", recipeName)
@@ -818,11 +820,7 @@ type InternalTracker struct {
 type RepoCatalogue map[string]RepoMeta
 
 // ReadReposMetadata retrieves coop-cloud/... repo metadata from Gitea.
-func ReadReposMetadata(conf *runtime.Config) (RepoCatalogue, error) {
+func ReadReposMetadata() (RepoCatalogue, error) {
-	if conf.Offline {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("network access required to query recipes metadata")
-	}
-
 	reposMeta := make(RepoCatalogue)
 
 	pageIdx := 1
@@ -844,8 +842,17 @@ func ReadReposMetadata(conf *runtime.Config) (RepoCatalogue, error) {
 		}
 
 		for idx, repo := range reposList {
+			var topicMeta TopicMeta
+
+			topicsURL := getReposTopicUrl(repo.Name)
+			if err := web.ReadJSON(topicsURL, &topicMeta); err != nil {
+				return reposMeta, err
+			}
+
+			if slices.Contains(topicMeta.Topics, "recipe") && repo.Name != "example" {
 				reposMeta[repo.Name] = reposList[idx]
 			}
+		}
 
 		pageIdx++
 		bar.Add(1)
@@ -857,7 +864,7 @@ func ReadReposMetadata(conf *runtime.Config) (RepoCatalogue, error) {
 }
 
 // GetRecipeVersions retrieves all recipe versions.
-func GetRecipeVersions(recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) (RecipeVersions, error) {
+func GetRecipeVersions(recipeName string, offline bool) (RecipeVersions, error) {
 	versions := RecipeVersions{}
 	recipeDir := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, recipeName)
 
@@ -895,7 +902,7 @@ func GetRecipeVersions(recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) (RecipeVersions,
 
 		logrus.Debugf("successfully checked out %s in %s", ref.Name(), recipeDir)
 
-		recipe, err := Get(recipeName, conf)
+		recipe, err := Get(recipeName, offline)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -938,6 +945,7 @@ func GetRecipeVersions(recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) (RecipeVersions,
 	if err != nil {
 		return versions, err
 	}
+
 	sortRecipeVersions(versions)
 
 	logrus.Debugf("collected %s for %s", versions, recipeName)
@@ -1002,11 +1010,7 @@ func GetRecipeCatalogueVersions(recipeName string, catl RecipeCatalogue) ([]stri
 }
 
 // UpdateRepositories clones and updates all recipe repositories locally.
-func UpdateRepositories(repos RepoCatalogue, recipeName string, conf *runtime.Config) error {
+func UpdateRepositories(repos RepoCatalogue, recipeName string) error {
-	if conf.Offline {
-		return fmt.Errorf("network access required to update recipes")
-	}
-
 	var barLength int
 	if recipeName != "" {
 		barLength = 1
@@ -1028,22 +1032,12 @@ func UpdateRepositories(repos RepoCatalogue, recipeName string, conf *runtime.Co
 				retrieveBar.Add(1)
 				return
 			}
-			if _, exists := catalogue.CatalogueSkipList[rm.Name]; exists {
-				ch <- rm.Name
-				retrieveBar.Add(1)
-				return
-			}
 
 			recipeDir := path.Join(config.RECIPES_DIR, rm.Name)
-
 			if err := gitPkg.Clone(recipeDir, rm.CloneURL); err != nil {
 				logrus.Fatal(err)
 			}
 
-			if err := EnsureUpToDate(rm.Name, conf); err != nil {
-				logrus.Fatal(err)
-			}
-
 			ch <- rm.Name
 			retrieveBar.Add(1)
 		}(repoMeta)
@@ -1055,3 +1049,8 @@ func UpdateRepositories(repos RepoCatalogue, recipeName string, conf *runtime.Co
 
 	return nil
 }
+
+// getReposTopicUrl retrieves the repository specific topic listing.
+func getReposTopicUrl(repoName string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("https://git.coopcloud.tech/api/v1/repos/coop-cloud/%s/topics", repoName)
+}

pkg/recipe/recipe_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package recipe
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestGetVersionLabelLocalDoesNotUseTimeoutLabel(t *testing.T) {
+	offline := true
+	recipe, err := Get("traefik", offline)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	for i := 1; i < 1000; i++ {
+		label, err := GetVersionLabelLocal(recipe)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		// NOTE(d1): this is potentially quite a brittle unit test as it needs to
+		// hardcode the default timeout label to ensure that the label parser never
+		// returns it. hopefully this won't fail too often! if you're here because
+		// of a failure, just update the `defaultTimeoutLabel` value & permalink
+		// below
+		// https://git.coopcloud.tech/coop-cloud/traefik/src/commit/ac3a47fe8ca3ef92db84f64cfedfbb348000faee/.env.sample#L2
+		defaultTimeoutLabel := "300"
+		assert.NotEqual(t, label, defaultTimeoutLabel)
+	}
+}

pkg/runtime/config.go

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-package runtime
-
-import "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-
-type Config struct {
-	Offline bool
-}
-
-type Option func(c *Config)
-
-func New(opts ...Option) *Config {
-	conf := &Config{Offline: false}
-
-	for _, optFunc := range opts {
-		optFunc(conf)
-	}
-
-	return conf
-}
-
-func WithOffline(offline bool) Option {
-	return func(c *Config) {
-		if offline {
-			logrus.Debugf("runtime config: attempting to run in offline mode")
-		}
-		c.Offline = offline
-	}
-}

pkg/secret/secret.go

@@ -4,24 +4,41 @@
 package secret
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"regexp"
+	"slices"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/client"
 	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/config"
+	"coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
+	loader "coopcloud.tech/abra/pkg/upstream/stack"
 	"github.com/decentral1se/passgen"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 	dockerClient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
-// secretValue represents a parsed `SECRET_FOO=v1 # length=bar` env var config
+// Secret represents a secret.
-// secret definition.
+type Secret struct {
-type secretValue struct {
+	// Version comes from the secret version environment variable.
+	// For example:
+	//  SECRET_FOO=v1
 	Version string
+	// Length comes from the length modifier at the secret version environment
+	// variable. For Example:
+	//   SECRET_FOO=v1 # length=12
 	Length int
+	// RemoteName is the name of the secret on the server. For example:
+	//   name: ${STACK_NAME}_test_pass_two_${SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION}
+	// With the following:
+	//   STACK_NAME=test_example_com
+	//   SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION=v2
+	// Will have this remote name:
+	//   test_example_com_test_pass_two_v2
+	RemoteName string
 }
 
 // GeneratePasswords generates passwords.
@@ -31,7 +48,6 @@ func GeneratePasswords(count, length uint) ([]string, error) {
 		length,
 		passgen.AlphabetDefault,
 	)
-
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -50,7 +66,6 @@ func GeneratePassphrases(count uint) ([]string, error) {
 		passgen.PassphraseCasingDefault,
 		passgen.WordListDefault,
 	)
-
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -60,96 +75,111 @@ func GeneratePassphrases(count uint) ([]string, error) {
 	return passphrases, nil
 }
 
-// ReadSecretEnvVars reads secret env vars from an app env var config.
+// ReadSecretsConfig reads secret names/versions from the recipe config. The
-func ReadSecretEnvVars(appEnv config.AppEnv) map[string]string {
+// function generalises appEnv/composeFiles because some times you have an app
-	secretEnvVars := make(map[string]string)
+// and some times you don't (as the caller). We need to be able to handle the
-
+// "app new" case where we pass in the .env.sample and the "secret generate"
-	for envVar := range appEnv {
+// case where the app is created.
-		regex := regexp.MustCompile(`^SECRET.*VERSION.*`)
+func ReadSecretsConfig(appEnvPath string, composeFiles []string, stackName string) (map[string]Secret, error) {
-		if string(regex.Find([]byte(envVar))) != "" {
+	appEnv, appModifiers, err := config.ReadEnvWithModifiers(appEnvPath)
-			secretEnvVars[envVar] = appEnv[envVar]
-		}
-	}
-
-	logrus.Debugf("read %s as secrets from %s", secretEnvVars, appEnv)
-
-	return secretEnvVars
-}
-
-func ParseSecretEnvVarName(secretEnvVar string) string {
-	withoutPrefix := strings.TrimPrefix(secretEnvVar, "SECRET_")
-	withoutSuffix := strings.TrimSuffix(withoutPrefix, "_VERSION")
-	name := strings.ToLower(withoutSuffix)
-	logrus.Debugf("parsed %s as name from %s", name, secretEnvVar)
-	return name
-}
-
-func ParseGeneratedSecretName(secret string, appEnv config.App) string {
-	name := fmt.Sprintf("%s_", appEnv.StackName())
-	withoutAppName := strings.TrimPrefix(secret, name)
-	idx := strings.LastIndex(withoutAppName, "_")
-	parsed := withoutAppName[:idx]
-	logrus.Debugf("parsed %s as name from %s", parsed, secret)
-	return parsed
-}
-
-func ParseSecretEnvVarValue(secret string) (secretValue, error) {
-	values := strings.Split(secret, "#")
-	if len(values) == 0 {
-		return secretValue{}, fmt.Errorf("unable to parse %s", secret)
-	}
-
-	if len(values) == 1 {
-		return secretValue{Version: values[0], Length: 0}, nil
-	}
-
-	split := strings.Split(values[1], "=")
-	parsed := split[len(split)-1]
-	stripped := strings.ReplaceAll(parsed, " ", "")
-	length, err := strconv.Atoi(stripped)
 	if err != nil {
-		return secretValue{}, err
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	version := strings.ReplaceAll(values[0], " ", "")
+	// Set the STACK_NAME to be able to generate the remote name correctly.
+	appEnv["STACK_NAME"] = stackName
 
-	logrus.Debugf("parsed version %s and length '%v' from %s", version, length, secret)
+	opts := stack.Deploy{Composefiles: composeFiles}
+	composeConfig, err := loader.LoadComposefile(opts, appEnv)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	// Read the compose files without injecting environment variables.
+	configWithoutEnv, err := loader.LoadComposefile(opts, map[string]string{}, loader.SkipInterpolation)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
 
-	return secretValue{Version: version, Length: length}, nil
+	var enabledSecrets []string
+	for _, service := range composeConfig.Services {
+		for _, secret := range service.Secrets {
+			enabledSecrets = append(enabledSecrets, secret.Source)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(enabledSecrets) == 0 {
+		logrus.Debugf("not generating app secrets, none enabled in recipe config")
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	secretValues := map[string]Secret{}
+	for secretId, secretConfig := range composeConfig.Secrets {
+		if string(secretConfig.Name[len(secretConfig.Name)-1]) == "_" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("missing version for secret? (%s)", secretId)
+		}
+
+		if !(slices.Contains(enabledSecrets, secretId)) {
+			logrus.Warnf("%s not enabled in recipe config, skipping", secretId)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		lastIdx := strings.LastIndex(secretConfig.Name, "_")
+		secretVersion := secretConfig.Name[lastIdx+1:]
+		value := Secret{Version: secretVersion, RemoteName: secretConfig.Name}
+
+		if len(value.RemoteName) > config.MAX_DOCKER_SECRET_LENGTH {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("secret %s is > %d chars when combined with %s", secretId, config.MAX_DOCKER_SECRET_LENGTH, stackName)
+		}
+
+		// Check if the length modifier is set for this secret.
+		for envName, modifierValues := range appModifiers {
+			// configWithoutEnv contains the raw name as defined in the compose.yaml
+			// The name will look something like this:
+			//   name: ${STACK_NAME}_test_pass_two_${SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION}
+			// To check if the current modifier is for the current secret we check
+			// if the raw name contains the env name (e.g. SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION).
+			if !strings.Contains(configWithoutEnv.Secrets[secretId].Name, envName) {
+				continue
+			}
+			lengthRaw, ok := modifierValues["length"]
+			if ok {
+				length, err := strconv.Atoi(lengthRaw)
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+				value.Length = length
+			}
+			break
+		}
+		secretValues[secretId] = value
+	}
+
+	return secretValues, nil
 }
 
 // GenerateSecrets generates secrets locally and sends them to a remote server for storage.
-func GenerateSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, secretEnvVars map[string]string, appName, server string) (map[string]string, error) {
+func GenerateSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, secrets map[string]Secret, server string) (map[string]string, error) {
-	secrets := make(map[string]string)
+	secretsGenerated := map[string]string{}
-
 	var mutex sync.Mutex
 	var wg sync.WaitGroup
-	ch := make(chan error, len(secretEnvVars))
+	ch := make(chan error, len(secrets))
-	for secretEnvVar := range secretEnvVars {
+	for n, v := range secrets {
 		wg.Add(1)
 
-		go func(s string) {
+		go func(secretName string, secret Secret) {
 			defer wg.Done()
 
-			secretName := ParseSecretEnvVarName(s)
+			logrus.Debugf("attempting to generate and store %s on %s", secret.RemoteName, server)
-			secretValue, err := ParseSecretEnvVarValue(secretEnvVars[s])
+
+			if secret.Length > 0 {
+				passwords, err := GeneratePasswords(1, uint(secret.Length))
 				if err != nil {
 					ch <- err
 					return
 				}
 
-			secretRemoteName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s_%s", appName, secretName, secretValue.Version)
+				if err := client.StoreSecret(cl, secret.RemoteName, passwords[0], server); err != nil {
-			logrus.Debugf("attempting to generate and store %s on %s", secretRemoteName, server)
-
-			if secretValue.Length > 0 {
-				passwords, err := GeneratePasswords(1, uint(secretValue.Length))
-				if err != nil {
-					ch <- err
-					return
-				}
-
-				if err := client.StoreSecret(cl, secretRemoteName, passwords[0], server); err != nil {
 					if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "AlreadyExists") {
-						logrus.Warnf("%s already exists, moving on...", secretRemoteName)
+						logrus.Warnf("%s already exists, moving on...", secret.RemoteName)
 						ch <- nil
 					} else {
 						ch <- err
@@ -159,7 +189,7 @@ func GenerateSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, secretEnvVars map[string]string, a
 
 				mutex.Lock()
 				defer mutex.Unlock()
-				secrets[secretName] = passwords[0]
+				secretsGenerated[secretName] = passwords[0]
 			} else {
 				passphrases, err := GeneratePassphrases(1)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -167,9 +197,9 @@ func GenerateSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, secretEnvVars map[string]string, a
 					return
 				}
 
-				if err := client.StoreSecret(cl, secretRemoteName, passphrases[0], server); err != nil {
+				if err := client.StoreSecret(cl, secret.RemoteName, passphrases[0], server); err != nil {
 					if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "AlreadyExists") {
-						logrus.Warnf("%s already exists, moving on...", secretRemoteName)
+						logrus.Warnf("%s already exists, moving on...", secret.RemoteName)
 						ch <- nil
 					} else {
 						ch <- err
@@ -179,22 +209,80 @@ func GenerateSecrets(cl *dockerClient.Client, secretEnvVars map[string]string, a
 
 				mutex.Lock()
 				defer mutex.Unlock()
-				secrets[secretName] = passphrases[0]
+				secretsGenerated[secretName] = passphrases[0]
 			}
 			ch <- nil
-		}(secretEnvVar)
+		}(n, v)
 	}
 
 	wg.Wait()
 
-	for range secretEnvVars {
+	for range secrets {
 		err := <-ch
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
 
-	logrus.Debugf("generated and stored %s on %s", secrets, server)
+	logrus.Debugf("generated and stored %v on %s", secrets, server)
 
-	return secrets, nil
+	return secretsGenerated, nil
+}
+
+type secretStatus struct {
+	LocalName       string
+	RemoteName      string
+	Version         string
+	CreatedOnRemote bool
+}
+
+type secretStatuses []secretStatus
+
+// PollSecretsStatus checks status of secrets by comparing the local recipe
+// config and deploymend server state.
+func PollSecretsStatus(cl *dockerClient.Client, app config.App) (secretStatuses, error) {
+	var secStats secretStatuses
+
+	composeFiles, err := config.GetComposeFiles(app.Recipe, app.Env)
+	if err != nil {
+		return secStats, err
+	}
+
+	secretsConfig, err := ReadSecretsConfig(app.Path, composeFiles, app.StackName())
+	if err != nil {
+		return secStats, err
+	}
+
+	filters, err := app.Filters(false, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return secStats, err
+	}
+
+	secretList, err := cl.SecretList(context.Background(), types.SecretListOptions{Filters: filters})
+	if err != nil {
+		return secStats, err
+	}
+
+	remoteSecretNames := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, cont := range secretList {
+		remoteSecretNames[cont.Spec.Annotations.Name] = true
+	}
+
+	for secretName, val := range secretsConfig {
+		createdRemote := false
+
+		secretRemoteName := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s_%s", app.StackName(), secretName, val.Version)
+		if _, ok := remoteSecretNames[secretRemoteName]; ok {
+			createdRemote = true
+		}
+
+		secStats = append(secStats, secretStatus{
+			LocalName:       secretName,
+			RemoteName:      secretRemoteName,
+			Version:         val.Version,
+			CreatedOnRemote: createdRemote,
+		})
+	}
+
+	return secStats, nil
 }

pkg/secret/secret_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package secret
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestReadSecretsConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	composeFiles := []string{"./testdir/compose.yaml"}
+	secretsFromConfig, err := ReadSecretsConfig("./testdir/.env.sample", composeFiles, "test_example_com")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Simple secret
+	assert.Equal(t, "test_example_com_test_pass_one_v2", secretsFromConfig["test_pass_one"].RemoteName)
+	assert.Equal(t, "v2", secretsFromConfig["test_pass_one"].Version)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, secretsFromConfig["test_pass_one"].Length)
+
+	// Has a length modifier
+	assert.Equal(t, "test_example_com_test_pass_two_v1", secretsFromConfig["test_pass_two"].RemoteName)
+	assert.Equal(t, "v1", secretsFromConfig["test_pass_two"].Version)
+	assert.Equal(t, 10, secretsFromConfig["test_pass_two"].Length)
+
+	// Secret name does not include the secret id
+	assert.Equal(t, "test_example_com_pass_three_v2", secretsFromConfig["test_pass_three"].RemoteName)
+	assert.Equal(t, "v2", secretsFromConfig["test_pass_three"].Version)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, secretsFromConfig["test_pass_three"].Length)
+}
+
+func TestReadSecretsConfigWithLongDomain(t *testing.T) {
+	composeFiles := []string{"./testdir/compose.yaml"}
+	_, err := ReadSecretsConfig("./testdir/.env.sample", composeFiles, "should_break_on_forty_eight_char_stack_nameeeeee")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected failure, stack name is too long")
+	}
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "is > 64 chars")
+}

pkg/secret/testdir/.env.sample

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+SECRET_TEST_PASS_ONE_VERSION=v2
+SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION=v1 # length=10
+SECRET_TEST_PASS_THREE_VERSION=v2

pkg/secret/testdir/compose.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+---
+version: "3.8"
+
+services:
+  app:
+    image: nginx:1.21.0
+    secrets:
+      - test_pass_one
+      - test_pass_two
+      - test_pass_three
+
+secrets:
+  test_pass_one:
+    external: true
+    name: ${STACK_NAME}_test_pass_one_${SECRET_TEST_PASS_ONE_VERSION}  # should be removed
+  test_pass_two:
+    external: true
+    name: ${STACK_NAME}_test_pass_two_${SECRET_TEST_PASS_TWO_VERSION}
+  test_pass_three:
+    external: true
+    name: ${STACK_NAME}_pass_three_${SECRET_TEST_PASS_THREE_VERSION} # secretId and name don't match

pkg/service/service.go

@@ -14,6 +14,70 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
+// GetService retrieves a service container based on a label. If prompt is true
+// and the retrievd count of service containers does not match 1, then a prompt
+// is presented to let the user choose. An error is returned when no service is
+// found.
+func GetServiceByLabel(c context.Context, cl *client.Client, label string, prompt bool) (swarm.Service, error) {
+	services, err := cl.ServiceList(c, types.ServiceListOptions{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return swarm.Service{}, err
+	}
+
+	if len(services) == 0 {
+		return swarm.Service{}, fmt.Errorf("no services deployed?")
+	}
+
+	var matchingServices []swarm.Service
+	for _, service := range services {
+		if enabled, exists := service.Spec.Labels[label]; exists && enabled == "true" {
+			matchingServices = append(matchingServices, service)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(matchingServices) == 0 {
+		return swarm.Service{}, fmt.Errorf("no services deployed matching label '%s'?", label)
+	}
+
+	if len(matchingServices) > 1 {
+		var servicesRaw []string
+		for _, service := range matchingServices {
+			serviceName := service.Spec.Name
+			created := formatter.HumanDuration(service.CreatedAt.Unix())
+			servicesRaw = append(servicesRaw, fmt.Sprintf("%s (created %v)", serviceName, created))
+		}
+
+		if !prompt {
+			err := fmt.Errorf("expected 1 service but found %v: %s", len(matchingServices), strings.Join(servicesRaw, " "))
+			return swarm.Service{}, err
+		}
+
+		logrus.Warnf("ambiguous service list received, prompting for input")
+
+		var response string
+		prompt := &survey.Select{
+			Message: "which service are you looking for?",
+			Options: servicesRaw,
+		}
+
+		if err := survey.AskOne(prompt, &response); err != nil {
+			return swarm.Service{}, err
+		}
+
+		chosenService := strings.TrimSpace(strings.Split(response, " ")[0])
+		for _, service := range matchingServices {
+			serviceName := strings.ToLower(service.Spec.Name)
+			if serviceName == chosenService {
+				return service, nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		logrus.Panic("failed to match chosen service")
+	}
+
+	return matchingServices[0], nil
+}
+
 // GetService retrieves a service container. If prompt is true and the retrievd
 // count of service containers does not match 1, then a prompt is presented to
 // let the user choose. A count of 0 is handled gracefully.

pkg/ssh/ssh.go

@@ -2,73 +2,14 @@ package ssh
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"os/exec"
 	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
-// HostConfig is a SSH host config.
-type HostConfig struct {
-	Host         string
-	IdentityFile string
-	Port         string
-	User         string
-}
-
-// String presents a human friendly output for the HostConfig.
-func (h HostConfig) String() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf(
-		"{host: %s, username: %s, port: %s, identityfile: %s}",
-		h.Host,
-		h.User,
-		h.Port,
-		h.IdentityFile,
-	)
-}
-
-// GetHostConfig retrieves a ~/.ssh/config config for a host using /usr/bin/ssh
-// directly. We therefore maintain consistent interop with this standard
-// tooling. This is useful because SSH confuses a lot of people and having to
-// learn how two tools (`ssh` and `abra`) handle SSH connection details instead
-// of one (just `ssh`) is Not Cool. Here's to less bug reports on this topic!
-func GetHostConfig(hostname string) (HostConfig, error) {
-	var hostConfig HostConfig
-
-	out, err := exec.Command("ssh", "-G", hostname).Output()
-	if err != nil {
-		return hostConfig, err
-	}
-
-	for _, line := range strings.Split(string(out), "\n") {
-		entries := strings.Split(line, " ")
-		for idx, entry := range entries {
-			if entry == "hostname" {
-				hostConfig.Host = entries[idx+1]
-			}
-			if entry == "user" {
-				hostConfig.User = entries[idx+1]
-			}
-			if entry == "port" {
-				hostConfig.Port = entries[idx+1]
-			}
-			if entry == "identityfile" {
-				if hostConfig.IdentityFile == "" {
-					hostConfig.IdentityFile = entries[idx+1]
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	logrus.Debugf("retrieved ssh config for %s: %s", hostname, hostConfig.String())
-
-	return hostConfig, nil
-}
-
 // Fatal is a error output wrapper which aims to make SSH failures easier to
 // parse through re-wording.
 func Fatal(hostname string, err error) error {
 	out := err.Error()
+
 	if strings.Contains(out, "Host key verification failed.") {
 		return fmt.Errorf("SSH host key verification failed for %s", hostname)
 	} else if strings.Contains(out, "Could not resolve hostname") {
@@ -79,7 +20,7 @@ func Fatal(hostname string, err error) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("ssh auth: permission denied for %s", hostname)
 	} else if strings.Contains(out, "Network is unreachable") {
 		return fmt.Errorf("unable to connect to %s, network is unreachable?", hostname)
-	} else {
+	}
+
 	return err
 }
-}

pkg/upstream/commandconn/connection.go

@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ import (
 // GetConnectionHelper returns Docker-specific connection helper for the given URL.
 // GetConnectionHelper returns nil without error when no helper is registered for the scheme.
 //
-// ssh://<user>@<host> URL requires Docker 18.09 or later on the remote host.
+// ssh://<host> URL requires Docker 18.09 or later on the remote host.
 func GetConnectionHelper(daemonURL string) (*connhelper.ConnectionHelper, error) {
-	return getConnectionHelper(daemonURL, []string{"-o ConnectTimeout=5"})
+	return getConnectionHelper(daemonURL)
 }
 
-func getConnectionHelper(daemonURL string, sshFlags []string) (*connhelper.ConnectionHelper, error) {
+func getConnectionHelper(daemonURL string) (*connhelper.ConnectionHelper, error) {
 	url, err := url.Parse(daemonURL)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ func getConnectionHelper(daemonURL string, sshFlags []string) (*connhelper.Conne
 
 		return &connhelper.ConnectionHelper{
 			Dialer: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
-				return New(ctx, "ssh", append(sshFlags, ctxConnDetails.Args("docker", "system", "dial-stdio")...)...)
+				return New(ctx, "ssh", ctxConnDetails.Args("docker", "system", "dial-stdio")...)
 			},
 			Host: "http://docker.example.com",
 		}, nil
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ func getConnectionHelper(daemonURL string, sshFlags []string) (*connhelper.Conne
 	return nil, err
 }
 
+// NewConnectionHelper creates new connection helper for a remote docker daemon.
 func NewConnectionHelper(daemonURL string) (*connhelper.ConnectionHelper, error) {
 	helper, err := GetConnectionHelper(daemonURL)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ func getDockerEndpoint(host string) (docker.Endpoint, error) {
 	return ep, nil
 }
 
+// GetDockerEndpointMetadataAndTLS retrieves the docker endpoint and TLS info for a remote host.
 func GetDockerEndpointMetadataAndTLS(host string) (docker.EndpointMeta, *dCliContextStore.EndpointTLSData, error) {
 	ep, err := getDockerEndpoint(host)
 	if err != nil {

pkg/upstream/container/exec.go

@@ -13,7 +13,10 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
-func RunExec(dockerCli command.Cli, client *apiclient.Client, containerID string, execConfig *types.ExecConfig) error {
+// RunExec runs a command on a remote container. io.Writer corresponds to the
+// command output.
+func RunExec(dockerCli command.Cli, client *apiclient.Client, containerID string,
+	execConfig *types.ExecConfig) (io.Writer, error) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 
 	// We need to check the tty _before_ we do the ContainerExecCreate, because
@@ -21,22 +24,22 @@ func RunExec(dockerCli command.Cli, client *apiclient.Client, containerID string
 	// there's no easy way to clean those up). But also in order to make "not
 	// exist" errors take precedence we do a dummy inspect first.
 	if _, err := client.ContainerInspect(ctx, containerID); err != nil {
-		return err
+		return nil, err
 	}
 	if !execConfig.Detach {
 		if err := dockerCli.In().CheckTty(execConfig.AttachStdin, execConfig.Tty); err != nil {
-			return err
+			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
 
 	response, err := client.ContainerExecCreate(ctx, containerID, *execConfig)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return nil, err
 	}
 
 	execID := response.ID
 	if execID == "" {
-		return errors.New("exec ID empty")
+		return nil, errors.New("exec ID empty")
 	}
 
 	if execConfig.Detach {
@@ -44,13 +47,13 @@ func RunExec(dockerCli command.Cli, client *apiclient.Client, containerID string
 			Detach: execConfig.Detach,
 			Tty:    execConfig.Tty,
 		}
-		return client.ContainerExecStart(ctx, execID, execStartCheck)
+		return nil, client.ContainerExecStart(ctx, execID, execStartCheck)
 	}
 	return interactiveExec(ctx, dockerCli, client, execConfig, execID)
 }
 
 func interactiveExec(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, client *apiclient.Client,
-	execConfig *types.ExecConfig, execID string) error {
+	execConfig *types.ExecConfig, execID string) (io.Writer, error) {
 	// Interactive exec requested.
 	var (
 		out, stderr io.Writer
@@ -76,7 +79,7 @@ func interactiveExec(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, client *apiclie
 	}
 	resp, err := client.ContainerExecAttach(ctx, execID, execStartCheck)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return out, err
 	}
 	defer resp.Close()
 
@@ -107,10 +110,10 @@ func interactiveExec(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, client *apiclie
 
 	if err := <-errCh; err != nil {
 		logrus.Debugf("Error hijack: %s", err)
-		return err
+		return out, err
 	}
 
-	return getExecExitStatus(ctx, client, execID)
+	return out, getExecExitStatus(ctx, client, execID)
 }
 
 func getExecExitStatus(ctx context.Context, client apiclient.ContainerAPIClient, execID string) error {

pkg/upstream/container/tty.go

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/client"
 	apiclient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
 	"github.com/moby/sys/signal"
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func resizeTtyTo(ctx context.Context, client client.ContainerAPIClient, id strin
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	options := types.ResizeOptions{
+	options := container.ResizeOptions{
 		Height: height,
 		Width:  width,
 	}

pkg/upstream/convert/service.go

@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ func convertServiceSecrets(
 			return nil, err
 		}
 
-		// NOTE(d1): strip # length=... modifiers
+		// NOTE(d1): strip all comments
 		if strings.Contains(obj.Name, "#") {
 			vals := strings.Split(obj.Name, "#")
 			obj.Name = strings.TrimSpace(vals[0])

pkg/upstream/stack/loader.go

@@ -18,15 +18,24 @@ func DontSkipValidation(opts *loader.Options) {
 	opts.SkipValidation = false
 }
 
+// SkipInterpolation skip interpolating environment variables.
+func SkipInterpolation(opts *loader.Options) {
+	opts.SkipInterpolation = true
+}
+
 // LoadComposefile parse the composefile specified in the cli and returns its Config and version.
-func LoadComposefile(opts Deploy, appEnv map[string]string) (*composetypes.Config, error) {
+func LoadComposefile(opts Deploy, appEnv map[string]string, options ...func(*loader.Options)) (*composetypes.Config, error) {
 	configDetails, err := getConfigDetails(opts.Composefiles, appEnv)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	if options == nil {
+		options = []func(*loader.Options){DontSkipValidation}
+	}
+
 	dicts := getDictsFrom(configDetails.ConfigFiles)
-	config, err := loader.Load(configDetails, DontSkipValidation)
+	config, err := loader.Load(configDetails, options...)
 	if err != nil {
 		if fpe, ok := err.(*loader.ForbiddenPropertiesError); ok {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("compose file contains unsupported options: %s",